Experimental analysis of stereotypy with applications of nonparametric statistical tests for alternating treatments designs

References

• Goldman S, Wang C, Salgado MW, Greene PE, Kim M, Rapin I. Motor stereotypies in children with autism and other developmental disorders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 2009;51:30–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Rapp JT, Vollmer TR. Stereotypy I: A review of behavioral assessment and treatment. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2005;26:527–547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolery M, Kirk K, Gast DL. Stereotypic behavior as a reinforcer: Effects and side effects. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disabilities 1985;15:149–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapp JT, Vollmer TR. Stereotypy II: A review of neurobiological interpretations and suggestions for an integration with behavioral methods. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2005;26:548–564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beavers GA, Iwata BA, Lerman DC. Thirty years of research on the functional analysis of problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2013;46:1–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwata BA, Dorsey MF, Slifer KJ, Bauman KE, Richman GS. Toward a functional analysis of self-injury. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 1994;27:197–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laraway S, Snycerski S, Michael J, Poling A. Motivating operations and terms to describe them: Some further refinements. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2003;36:407–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durand VM, Carr EG. Social influences on self-stimulatory behavior: Analysis and treatment application. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 1987;20:119–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy CH, Meyer KM, Knowles T, Shukla S. Analyzing the multiple functions of stereotypical behavior for students with autism: Implications for assessment and treatment. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2000;33:559–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goh HL, Iwata BA, Shore BA, DeLeon IG, Lerman DC, Ulrich SM, Smith RG. An analysis of the reinforcing properties of hand mouthing. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 1995;28:269–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wacker DP, Berg WK, Harding JW, Cooper-Brown LJ. Functional and structural approaches to behavioral assessment of problem behavior. In: Fisher WW, Piazza CC, Roane HS, editors. Handbook of applied behavior analysis. New York: Guilford; 2011. p 165–81.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy CH. Automatic reinforcement: Oxymoron or hypothetical construct? Journal of Behavioral Education 1994;4:387–395.
   Google Scholar
• Vollmer TR. The concept of automatic reinforcement: Implications for behavioral research in developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities 1994;15:187–207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy CH. When reinforcers for problem behavior are not readily apparent: Extending functional assessments to complex problem behaviors. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 2000;2:195–201.
   Google Scholar
• Cannella-Malone HI, O’Reilly MF. Clinical report: A replication of the analysis of the reinforcing properties of hand mouthing. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 2014;26:543–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel MR, Carr JE, Kim C, Robles A, Eastridge D. Functional analysis of aberrant behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement: Assessments of specific sensory reinforcers. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2000;21:393–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Love JJ, Miguel CF, Fernand JK, LaBrie JK. The effects of matched stimulation and response interruption and redirection on vocal stereotypy. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2012;45:549–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piazza CC, Adelinis JD, Hanley GP, Goh HL, Delia MD. An evaluation of the effects of matched stimuli on behaviors maintained by automatic reinforcement. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2000;33:13–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlop MH, Kurtz PF, Casey FG. Using aberrant behaviors as reinforcers for autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 1990;23:163–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanley GP, Iwata BA, Thompson RH, Lindberg JS. A component analysis of “stereotypy as reinforcement” for alternative behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2000;33:285–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter JN, Hanley GP, Augustine M, Clay CJ, Phelps MC. Treating stereotypy in adolescents diagnosed with autism by refining the tactic of “using stereotypy as reinforcement.” Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2013;46:407–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts-Gwinn MM, Luiten L, Derby KM, Johnson TA, Weber K. Identification of competing reinforcers for behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 2001;3:83–94.
   Google Scholar
• Sigafoos J, Saggers E. A discrete-trial approach to the functional analysis of aggressive behavior in two boys with autism. Australia & New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities 1995;20:287–297.
   Google Scholar
• Rispoli M, Ninci J, Neely L, Zaini S. A systematic review of trial-based functional analysis of challenging behavior. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 2014;26:271–283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin JL, Groves EA, Reynish LC, Francis LL. Validating trial-based functional analyses in mainstream primary school classrooms. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2015;48:1–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloom SE, Lambert JM, Dayton E, Samaha AL. Teacher-conducted trial-based functional analyses as the basis for intervention. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2013;46:208–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rispoli M, Burke MD, Hatton H, Ninci J, Zaini S, Sanchez L. Training head start teachers to conduct trial-based functional analysis of challenging behavior. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 2015; Online First:1-10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd BP, Wehby JH, Weaver ES, Goldman SE, Harvey MN, Sherlock DR. Implementation and validation of trial-based functional analyses in public elementary school settings. Journal of Behavioral Education 2015;24:167–195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert JM, Bloom SE, Irvin J. Trial-based functional analysis and functional communication training in an early childhood setting. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2012;45:579–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloom SE, Iwata BA, Fritz JN, Roscoe EM, Carreau, AB. Classroom application of a trial-based functional analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2011;44:19–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt JD, Drasgow E, Halle JW, Martin CA, Bliss SA. Discrete-trial functional analysis and functional communication training with three individuals with autism and severe problem behavior. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 2014;16:44–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaRue RH, Lenard K, Weiss MJ, Bamond M, Palmieri M, Kelley ME. Comparison of traditional and trial-based methodologies for conducting functional analyses. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2010;31:480–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomason-Sassi J, Iwata BA, Neidert PL, Roscoe EM. Response latency as an index of response strength during functional analyses of problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2011;44:51–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brossart DF, Parker RI, Olson EA, Mahadevan L. The relationship between visual analysis and five statistical analyses in a simple AB single-case research design. Behavior Modification 2006;30:531–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman RG, Yoder PJ, Reichow B, Wolery M. Visual analysis of multiple baseline across participants graphs when change is delayed. School Psychology Quarterly 2010;25:28–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park H, Marascuilo L, Gaylord-Ross R. Visual inspection and statistical analysis of single-case designs. Journal of Experimental Education 1990;58:311–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards SB, Taylor RL, Ramasamy R. Effects of subject and rater characteristics on the accuracy of visual analysis of single subject data. Psychology in the Schools 1997;34:355–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferron JM, Levin JR. Single-case permutation and randomization statistical tests: Present status, promising new developments. In Kratochwill TR, Levin JR, editors. Single-case intervention research: Statistical and methodological advances. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2014. p 153–83.
   Google Scholar
• Kratochwill TR, Levin JR. Enhancing the scientific credibility of single-case intervention research: Randomization to the rescue. Psychological Methods 2010;15:124–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin JR, Ferron JM, Kratochwill TR. Nonparametric statistical tests for single-case systematic and randomized ABAB …AB and alternating treatment intervention designs: New developments, new directions. Journal of School Psychology 2012;50:599–624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kratochwill TR, Hitchcock JH, Horner RH, Levin JR, Odom SL, Rindskopf DM, Shadish WR. Single-case intervention research design standards. Remedial and Special Education 2013;34:26–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gast DL, Ledford JR. Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences (2nd ed). New York: Routledge; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• O’Neill RE, Horner RH, Albin RW, Sprague JR, Storey K, Newton JS. Functional assessment and program development for problem behavior. 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Iwata BA, DeLeon IG, Roscoe EM. Reliability and validity of the functional analysis screening tool. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2013;46:271–284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin JR, Marascuilo LA, Hubert LJ. N = nonparametric randomization tests. In: Kratochwill TR, editor. Single subject research: Strategies for evaluating change. New York: Academic Press; 1978. p. 167–96.
   Google Scholar