103
Views
63
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Neurobehavioural sequelae following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in children: an analysis of risk factors

Pages 63-76 | Accepted 01 Mar 1997, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

References

  • Tucker J., Prior P.F., Green C.R., et al. Minimal neuro-psychological sequelae following prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system in adult leukemia and lymphoma. British Journal of Cancer 1989; 60: 775–780
  • Fletcher J. M. J. M., Copeland D.R. Neurobehavioural effects of central nervous system prophylactic treatment of cancer in children. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 1988; 10: 495–538
  • Stehphens J.A., Kaleita T.A., Noll R.B., et al. CNS prophylaxis of childhood leukemia: What are the long-term neurological, neuropsychological and behavioural effects?. Neuropsychological Review 1991; 2: 147–177
  • Ivnik K.J., Colligan R.C., Obetz S.W., et al. Neuropsychological performance among children in remission from acute lymphocytic leukemia. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 1981; 2: 79–34
  • Moehlf K.A., Berg R.A., Chten L.T., et al. Language-related skills in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 1983; 4: 257–261
  • Soni S.S., Marten G.W., Pitner S.E., et al. Effects of central-nervous-system irradiation on neuropsychologic functioning of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. New England Journal fo Medicine 1975; 293: 113–118
  • Whitt J.K., Wells R.J., Lauria M.M., et al. Cranial irradiation in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. American Journal of Disease in Childhood 1984; 138: 730–736
  • Anderson V., Smibert E., Ekert H., et al. Intellectual, educational, and behavioral sequelae following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1994; 70: 476–483
  • Brouwers P., Riccardi R., Fedio R., et al. Long-term neuropsychological sequelae of childhood leukemia: Correlation with CT brain scan abnormalities. Journal of Pediatrics 1985; 106: 723–728
  • Copeland D.R., Fletcher J.M., Pfefferbaum-Levine B., et al. Neurological sequelae of childhood cancer in long term survivors. Pediatrics 1985; 75: 745–753
  • Tamaroff M., Salwen R., Miller D.R., et al. Neuropsychologic sequelae in irradiated (1800 rads(r) and 2400 (r)) and non-irradiated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Proceeding of American Clinical Oncology 1984; 4: 165
  • Copeland D.R., Dowell R.E., Fletcher J.M., et al. Neuropsychological effects of childhood cancer treatment. Journal of Child Neurology 1988; 3: 53–62
  • Jankovic M., Brouwers P., Vaisecchi M.G., et al. Association of 1800 cCy cranial irradiation with intellectual function in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Lancet 1994; 344: 226227
  • Jannoun L. Are cognitive and educational development affected by age at which prophylactic therapy is given for acute lymphoblastic leukemia?. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1983; 58: 953–958
  • Meadows A.T., Massari D.J., Ferguson J., et al. Declines in IQ scores and cognitive dysfunctions in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with cranial irradiation. Lancet 1981; ii: 1015–1018
  • Moore B.D., Copeland D.R., Reid H., et al. Neurophysiological basis of cognitive deficits in long-term survivors of childhood cancers. Archives of Neurology 1992; 49: 809–817
  • Butler R.W., Hill J.M., Steinherz P.G., et al. Neuropsychologic effects of cranial irradiation, intrathecal methotrexate, and systemic methotrexate in childhood cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1994; 12: 2621–2629
  • Dowell R.E., Coppland D.R., Judv B.W. Neuropsychological effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Developmental Neuropsychology 1989; 5: 17–24
  • Brown R.T., Mavan-Swain A., Lambert R.G., et al. Chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cognitive and academic sequelae. Journal of Pediatrics 1992; 121: 885–889
  • Kaufmann P.M., Moore I.M., Espy K.A., et al. Late effects of triple intrathecal chemotherapy on neuropsychological outcome at 24 months postleukemia diagnosis. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1996; 2: 42
  • Meadows A.T., Evans A.E. Effects of chemotherapy on the central nervous system: A study of parenteral methotrexate in long-term survivors of leukemia and lymphoma in children. Cancer 1976; 37: 1079–1085
  • Waber D., Tarafll N., Fairclouuh D., et al. Cognitive sequelae of treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cranial radiation requires an accomplice. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1995; 13: 2490–2496
  • Waber D., Ukion D.K., Tarbell N., et al. Late effects of central nervous system treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children are sex-dependent. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 1990; 32: 238–248
  • Fernandez-Bouzas A., Jimenez H.R., Zamudio J.V., et al. Brain calcifications and dementia in children treated with radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 1980; 36: 211–214; 211–192
  • Kingma A., Mooyart E.L., Kamps W.A., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and neuropsychological evaluation in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at a young age. American Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 1993; 15: 231–238
  • Matsumoto K., Takahashi S., Sato A., et al. Leukoencephalopathy in childhood hematopoitic neoplasm caused by moderate-dose methotrexate and prophylactic cranial radiotherapy - an MR analysis. International Journal Radiation Oncology and Biological Physics 1995; 32: 913–918
  • Paakko E., Vainionpaa L., Lanning M., et al. White matter changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 1992; 70: 2728–2733
  • Poplack D., Brouwers P. Adverse sequelae of CNS therapy. Clinical Oncology 1985; 4: 263–285
  • McIntosh S., Fischer D., Rothman S., et al. Intracranial calcifications in childhood leukemia. Journal of Pediatrics 1977; 91: 909–913
  • Ochs J.J. Neurotoxicity due to central nervous system therapy for childhood leukemia. American Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 1989; 11: 93–105
  • Price R.A., Jamieson P.A. The central nervous system in childhood leukemia: II Subacute leukoencephalopathy. Cancer 1975; 35: 306–318
  • Bakke S., Fossen A., Storm-Mathiesen I., et al. Long-term cerebral effects of CNS chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 1993; 10: 267–270
  • Moore I.M. Central nervous system toxicity of cancer therapy in childhood. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 1995; 12: 203–210
  • Ochs J.J., Mulhern R.K., Fairclough D. Comparison of neuropsychologic functioning and clinical indicators of neurotoxicity in long-term survivors of childhood leukemia given cranial irradiation or parenteral methotrexate. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1991; 1: 145–151
  • Hallberg F.E., Kramer J.H., Moore I.M., et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation dose effects on late cognitive function in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. International Journal of Radiation Oncology and Biological Physics 1992; 22: 13–16
  • Said J.A., Waters B.G., Cousens P., et al. Neuropsychological sequelae of central nervous system prophylaxis in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1989; 57: 251–256
  • Brouwers P., Riccardi R., Fedio R., et al. Long-term neuropsychological sequelae of childhood leukemia: Correlation with CT brain scan abnormalities. Journal of Pediatrics 1985; 106: 723–728
  • Waber D.P., Gioia G., Paccia J., et al. Sex differences in cognitive processing in children treated with CNS prophylaxis for acute lymphocytic leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1990; 15: 105–122
  • Cousens P., Ungerer J.A., Crawford J.A., et al. Cognitive effects of childhood leukemia therapy: A case for four specific deficits. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1991; 16: 47–88
  • Cousens P., Waters B., Said J., et al. Cognitive effects of cranial irradiation in leukemia: A survey and meta-analysis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1988; 29: 839–852
  • Eiser C. Intellectual abilities among survivors of childhood leukemia as a function of CNS radiation. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1978; 53: 391–395
  • Rubenstein C.L., Varni J.W., Katz E.R. Cognitive functioning in long-term survivors of childhood leukemia: A prospective analysis. Developmental and Behavioural Pediatrics 1990; 11: 301–305
  • Anderson V., Moore C. Age at injury as a predictor following pediatric head injury: A longitudinal perspective. Child Neuropsychology 1995; 1: 187–202
  • Dennis M. Language and the young damaged brain. Clinical neuropsychology and brain function: Research, measurement and practice, T. Boll, B. Bryant. American Psychological Association, Washington 1989; 89–123
  • Ewing-Cobbs L., Miner M.E., Fletcher J.M., et al. Intellectual, language, and motor sequelae following closed head injury in infants and preschoolers. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 14: 531–547
  • Rourke B.P. Syndrome of non-verbal learning disabilities: The final common pathway of white matter disease/dysfunction. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 1987; 1: 209–234
  • Appleton R.E., Farrell K., Zaide J., et al. Decline in head growth and cognitive impairment in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1990; 65: 530–534
  • Mulhern R.K., Fairclough D., Ochs J. A prospective comparison of neuropsychologic performance of children surviving leukemia who received 18-Gy, or 24-Gy, or no cranial irradiation. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1991; 9: 1348–1356
  • Haupt R., Fears T.R., Robison L.L., et al. Educational attainment in long-term survivors of childhood acute leukemia. Journal of the American Medical Association 1994; 272: 1427–1432
  • Hirsch J.F., Renier D., Czernichow P., et al. Medulloblastoma in childhood: Survival and functional results. Acta Neurochirgia 1979; 48: 1–15
  • Silber J.H., Radcliffe J., Peckham V., et al. Whole brain irradiation and decline of intelligence: the influence of dose and age on IQ score. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1992; 10: 1390–1396
  • Smibert E., Anderson V., Godber T., et al. Risk factors for intellectual and educational sequelae of cranial irradiation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. British Journal of Cancer 1996; 73: 825–833
  • Moore I.M., Kramer J.H., Wara W., et al. Cognitive function in children with leukemia. Effect of radiation dose and time since irradiation. Cancer 1991; 68: 1913–1917
  • Mulhern R.K., Ochs J., Fairclough D. Deterioration of intellect among children surviving leukemia: IQ test changes modify estimates of treatment toxicity?. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1992; 60: 477–480
  • Anderson V., Godber T., Anderson D., . Declines in neuropsychological functions following cranial irradiation therapy in children. Treatment issues and long-term outcomes. Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Brain Impairment Conference, J. Fourez, N. Page, et al. Academic Press, HobartAustralia 1995; 161–168
  • Tamaroff M., Miller D.R., Murphy M.L. Immediate and long-term post-therapy neuropsychologic performance in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without central nervous system radiation. Journal of Pediatrics 1982; 101: 524–529
  • Ekert H., Waters K., Matthews R., et al. A randomized study of corticosteroids and non-corticosteroids containing regimens in induction therapy of childhood ALL. Cancer Therapy and Control 1990; 1: 87–95
  • Daniel A. Power, privilege and prestige: Occupations in Australia. Longman-Cheshire, Melbourne 1983
  • Wechsler D. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised. Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX 1974
  • Kaufman A.S. Factor analysis of the WISC-R at eleven age levels between 6 1/2 and 16 1/2 years. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1975; 43: 135–147
  • Jastak J.S., Jastak S. The Wide Range Achievement Test. Jastak, Wilmington, DE 1984
  • Milner B. Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man. British Medical Bulletin 1971; 27: 273–277
  • Rey A. L'examen clinique en psychologie. Press Universitaire de France, Pans 1964
  • Spreen O., Strauss E. A compendium of neuropsychological tests. Oxford University Press, New York 1991
  • Lhermitte J., Signoret J.L. Analyse neuropsychologique et differenciation des syndromes amnesique. Revue Neurologique 1972; 74: 20–38
  • Anderson V., Laioie G., Bell R. Neuropsychological assessment of the school-aged child. Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne. 1995
  • Oaddes W.H., Crockett D.J. The Spreen-Benton Aphasia Test. Normative data us a measure of normal language development. Research Monograph No. 25, Neuropsychology Laboratory, University of Victoria, BC 1973
  • Army, Individual Test Battery. Manual and directions for scoring. War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, DC 1944
  • Heaton R.K. Wisconsin Curd Sorting Test Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, Flo. 1981
  • Rey A. L'examen psychologique dans les cas d'encephalopathie traumatique. Archives de Psychologie 1941; 28: 286–340
  • Waber D., Holmes J.M. Assessing children's copy productions of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 1985; 7: 264–280
  • Lansky S.B., Cairns N.U., Zwartjies W. School attendance among children with cancer: A report from two centres. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology 1983; 1: 75–82
  • Stehbens J.A., Kisker C.T., Wilson B.K. School behavior and attendance during the first year of treatment for childhood cancer. Psychology in Schools 1983; 20: 23–28
  • Hudspeth W., Pribram K. Stages of brain and cognitive maturation. Journal of Educational Psychology 1990; 82: 882–884
  • Kinney H.C., Brody B.A., Kloman A.S., et al. Sequence of human nervous system myelination in human infancy: II Patterns of myelination in autopsied infants. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 1988; 47: 217–234
  • Barkley R.A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Guildford Press, New York 1990
  • Chelijne G.J., Ferguson W., Koon R., et al. Frontal lobe disinhibition in attention deficit disorder. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 1986; 16: 221–234
  • Loge D.V., Staton R.D., Beatty W.W. Performance of children with ADHD on tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 1990; 29: 540–545
  • Anderson V. Neuropsychological contributions to understanding school-based learning difficulties. Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 1992; 9: 16–27

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.