REFERENCES

• DumanR.MonteggiaLM.A neurotrophic model for stress-related mood disorders.Biol Psychiatry.2006591116112716631126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KrishnanV.IMestlerEJ.The molecular neurobiology of depression.Nature.200845589490218923511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwenB.Sex, stress and the hippocampus: allostatic load and the aging process.Neurobioi Aging.200223921939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SahayA.HenR.Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression.Nat Neurosci.2007101110111517726477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CampbellS.MacQueenG.An update on regional brain volume differences associated with mood disorders.Curr Opin Psych.2006192533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DrevetsW.Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders.Biol Psychiatry.20004881382911063977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ManjiH.QuirozJA.SpornJ.et al.Enhancing neuronal plasticity and cellular resilience to develop novel, improved therapeutics for diff icult-totreat depression.Biol Psychiatry.20035370774212706957
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TanisK.NewtonSS.DumanRS.Targeting neurotrophic growth factor expression and signaling for antidepressant drug development.CNS Neurol Disorders.20076151160
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BremnerJD.VermettenE.MazureCM.Development and preliminary psychometric properties of an instrument for the measurement of childhood trauma: the Early Trauma Inventory.Depression Anxiety.200012112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MervaalaE.FohrJ.KononenM.et al.Quantitative MRI of the hippocampus and amygdala in severe depression.Psychol Med.20003011712510722182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShelineY.WanyP.GadoMH.CsernanskyJG.VannierMW.Hippocampal atrophy in recurrent major depression.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.199693390839138632988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShelineY.SanghaviM.MintunMA.GadoMH.Depression duration but not age predicts hippocampal volume loss in medically healthy wormen with recurrent major depression,J Neurosci.1999195034504310366636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CampbellS.MarriottM.NahmiasC.MacQueenGM.Lower hippocampal volume in patients suffering from depression: a meta-analysis.Am J Psychiatry.200416159860715056502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VidebechP.RavnkildeB.Hippocampal volume and depression: a meta-analysis of MRI studies.Am J Psychiatry.20041611957196615514393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShelineY.GadoMH.KraemerHC.Untreated depression and hippocampal volume loss.Am J Psychiatry.20031601516151812900317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BremnerJD.RandallPScottTM.et al.MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.Am J Psychiatry.19951529739817793467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GurvitsT.ShentonME.HokamaH.et al.Magnetic resonoance imaging study of hippocampal volume in chronic, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.Biol Psychiatry.199640109110998931911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeckersS.Neuroimaging studies of the hippocampus in schizophrenia.Hippocampus.20011152052811732705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BremnerJ.VythilingamM.VermettenE.et al.Reduced volume of orbitofrontal cortex in major depression.Biol Psychiatry.20025127327911958777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DrevetsWC.PriceJLSimpsonJRet al.Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders.Nature.19973868248279126739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StockmeierC.MahajanGJ.KonickLC.et al.Cellular changes in the postmortem hippocampus in major depression.Biol Psychiatry.20045664065015522247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MullerM.LucassenPJ.YassouridisA.HoogendijkJG.HolsboerF.SwabbDF.Neither major depression nor glucocorticoid treatment affects the cellular integrity of the human hippocampus.Eur J Neurosci.2001141603161211860455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CotterD.ParianteCM.EverallIP.Glial cell abnormalities in major psychiatric disorders: the evidence and implications.Br Res Bull.200155585595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RajkowskaG.Miguel-HidalgoJJ.WeiJ.et al.Morphometric evidence for neuronal and glial prefrontal cell pathology in major depression.Biol Psychiatry.1999451085109810331101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OngurD.DrevetsWC.PriceJL.Glial reduction in the subgenual prefrontal cortex in mood disorders.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.19989513290132959789081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiX.Miguel-HidalgoJJ.O'DwyerG.StockmeierCA.RajkowskaG.Age-dependent reductions in the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the prefrontal cortex in major depression.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20042920882096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HamidiM.DrevetsWC.PriceJL.Glial reduction in amygdala in major depressive disorder is due to oligodendrocytes.Biol Psychiatry.20045556356915013824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UranovaN.VostrikovVM.OrlovskayaDD.RachmanovaVI.Oligodendroglial density in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and mood disorders: a study for the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium.Schizophr Res.20046726927514984887
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwenB.Stress and hippocampal plasticity.Curr Opin Neurobiol.199952052167620309
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WatanabeY.GouldE.DanielsDC.CameronH.McEwenBS.Tianeptine attenuates stress- induced morphological changes in the hippocampus.Eur J Pharmacol.19922221571621468492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RadleyJ.SistiHM.HaoJ.et al.Chronic behavioral stress induces apical dendritic reorganization in pyramidal neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex.Neurosci.200412516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MagarinosAM.McEwenBSFluggeG.FuchsEChronic psychosocial stress causes apical dendritic atrophy of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in subordinate tree shrews.J Neurosci.199616353435408627386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WellmanC.Dendritic reorganization in pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex after chronic corticosterone administration,J Neurobiol.20014924525311745662
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RadleyJ.RocherAB.MillerM.et al.Repeated stress induces dendrtic spine loss in the rat medial prefrontal cortex.Cereb Cortex.20061631332015901656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GageF.Mammalian neural stem cells.Science.20002871433143810688783
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GouldE.TanapatP.Stress and hippocampal neurogenesis.Biol Psychiatry.1999461472147910599477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner-SchmidtJ.DumanRS.Hippocampal neurogenesis: opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment.Hippocampus.20061623924916425236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BanasrM.ValentineGW.LiXY.GourleyS.TaylorJ.DumanRS.Chronic stress decreases cell proliferation in adult cerebral cortex of rat: reversal by antidepressant treatment.Biol Psychiatry.20076249650417585885
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlonsoG.Prolonged corticosterone treatment of adult rats inhibits the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitors present throughout white and gray matter regions of the brain.Glia.20003121923110941148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CzehB.SimonM.SchmeltingB.HiemkeC.FuchsE.Astroglial plasticity in the hippocampus is sffected by chronic psychosocial stress and concomitant fluoxetine treatment.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20063116161626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MalbergJ.EischAJ.NestlerEJ.DumanRS.Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult hippocampus.J Neurosci.2000209104911011124987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SantarelliL.SaxeM.GrossC.et al.Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants.Science.200330180580912907793
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KodamaM.FujiokaT.DumanRS.Chronic olanzapine or fluoxetine treatment increases cell proliferation in rat hippocampus and frontal cortex.J Biol Psych.200456570580
   Google Scholar
• MadsenT.NewtonSS.EatonME.RussellDS.DumanRS.Chronic electroconvulsive seizure up-regulates b-catenin expression in rat hippocampus: role in adult neurogenesis.Biol Psychiatry.2003541006101414625142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AiranR.MeltzerLA.RoyM.GongY.ChenH.DeisserothK.High-speed imaging reveals neurophysiological links to behavior in an animal model of depression.Science.200731775775817690279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JiangX.XuK.HobermanJ.TianF.et al.BDNF variation and mood disorders: a novel functional promoter polymorphism and Val66Met are associated with anxiety but have opposing effects.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20053013531361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BessaJ.FerreiraD.MeloI.et al.Hippocampal neurogenesis induced by antidepressant drugs: an epiphenomenon in their mood-improving actions.Mol Psych.200914739
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DavidD.KlemenhagenKC.HolickKA.et al. Efficacy of the MCHR1 antagonist N-{3-(1-{[4-(3,4- difluorophenoxy) phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))4methylphenyl]-2-rnethylproanamide (SNAP 94847) in mouse models of anxiety and depression following acute and chronic administration is independent of hippocampal neurogenesis.J Pharmacol Exp Ther.200732123724817237257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BanasrM.DumanRS.Glial loss in prefrontal cortex is sufficient to induce depressive-like behaviors in rodent models.Biol Psychiatry.20086486387018639237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ListonC.MillerMM.GoldwaterDS.et al.Stress-induced alterations in prefrontal cortical dendritic morphology predict selective impairments in perceptual attentional set-shifting.J Neurosci.2006267870787416870732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LupienS.McEwenBS.GunnarMR.HeimC.Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. WatRev Neurosci.200910434445
   Google Scholar
• CaspiA.SugdenK.MoffittTE.et al.Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene.Science.200330138638912869766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RischN.herrellR.LehnerT.et al.Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful like events, risk of depression: a meta-analysis.JAMA.20093012462247119531786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FederA.NestlerEJ.CharneyDS.Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience. WatRev Neurosci.200910446457
   Google Scholar
• McEwenB.Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators.Eur J Pharmacol.200858317418518282566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAllisterA.Spatially restricted actions of BDNF.Neuron.20023654955012441043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SmithMA.MakinoS.KvetnanskyR.PostRM.Stress alters the express of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNAs in the hippocampus.J Neurosci.1995a15176817777891134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XuH.ChenZ.HeJ.HaimanotS.LiX.DyckL.LiXM.Synergetic effects of quetiapine and venlafaxine in preventing the chronic restraint stressinduced decrease in cell proliferation and BDNF expression in rat hippocampus.Hippocampus.20061655155916652337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenB.DowlatshahiD.MacQueenGM.WangJ-F.YoungLT.Increased hippocampal BDNF immunoreactivity in subjects treated with antidepressant medication.Biol Psychiatry.20015026026511522260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DwivediY.RizaviHS.ConleyRR.TammingaCA.PandeyGN.Altered gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and receptor tyrosine kinase B in postmortem brain of suicide subjects.Arch Gen Psychiatry.2003b6080481512912764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaregeF.BondolfiG.GervasoniN.SchwaldM.AubryJM.BertschyG.Low brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in serum of depressed patients probably results from lowered platelet BDNF release unrelated to platelet reactivity.Biol Psychiatry.2005571068107215860348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MetsisM.TimmuskT.ArenasE.PerssonH.Differential usage of multiple BDNF promoters in the rat brain following neuronal activation.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.19939088028415610
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarrientosR.SprungerDB.CampeauS.et al.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA downregulation induced by social isolation is blocked by intrahippocampal interleukin-1 receptor anatagonist.Neurosci.2003121847853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TsankovaN.BertonO.RenthalW.KumarA.NeveR.NestlerEJ.Sustained hippocampal chromatin regulation in a mouse model of depression and antidepressant action.Nat Neurosci.2006946546616568101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EganM.KojimaM.CallicottJH.et al.The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function.Cell.200311225726912553913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrodlT.SchuleC.SchmittG.et al.Association of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism with reduced hippocampal volumes in major depressio.Arch Gen Psych.200764410416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaririA.GoldbergTE.MattayVS.et al.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66 met polymorphism affects human memory-related hippocampal activity and predicts memory performance.J Neurosci.200323669094
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MatsuoK.Walss-BassC.NeryFG.et al.Neuronal correlates of brainderived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and morphometric abnormalities in bipolar disorder.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20093419041913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GattJ.NemeroffCB.Dobson-StoneC.et al.Interactions between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and early life stress predict brain and arousal pathways to syndromal depression and anxiety.Mol Psych.200914681695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaufmanJ.YangBZ.Douglas-PalumberiH.et al.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-5-HTTLPR gene interactions and environmental modifiers of depression in children.Biol Psychiatry.20065967368016458264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimJ.StewartR.KimSW.et al.Interactions between life stressors and susceptibility genes (5-HTTLPR and BDNF) on depression in Korean elders.Biol Psych.200762423428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeY.DumanRS.MarekGJ.The mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 suppresses immobilization stress-induced increase in rat prefrontal cortical BDNF mRNA expression.Neurosci Lett.200639832833216469447
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuR-J.AghajanianGK.Stress blunts serotonin- and hypocretinevoked EPSCs in prefrontal cortex: role of corticosterone-mediated apical dendritic atrophy.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.200810535936418172209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenH.PandeyGN.DwivediY.Hippocampal cell proliferation regulation by repeated stress and antidepressants.Neuroreport.20061786386716738477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MonteggiaL.BarrotM.PowellCM.et al.Essential role of brainderived neuroprophic factor in adult hippocampal function.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2004101108271083215249684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MonteggiaL.LuikartB.BarrotM.et al.al.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor conditional knockouts show gender differences in depression-related behaviors.Biol Psych.200761187197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SaarelainenT.HendolinP.LucasG.et al.Activation of the trkB neurotrophin receptor is induced by antidepressant drugs and is required for antidepressant-induced behavioral effects.J Neurosci.20032334935712514234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DumanC.SchlesingerL.KodamaM.RussellDS.DumanRS.A role for MAPK signaling in behavioral models of depression and antidepressant treatment.Biol Psych.200761661670
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BertonO.McClungCA.DileoneRJ.et al.Essential role of BDNF in the misolimbic dopamine pathway in social defeat stress.Science.2006311868878
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CastrenE.VoikarV.RantamakiT.Role of neurotrophic factors in depression.Curr Opin Pharmacol.20077182117049922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NestlerE.BarrotM.DiLeoneRJ.EischAJ.Gold SJ. Monteggia LM. Neurobiology of Depression.Neuron.200234132511931738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NibuyaM.MorinobuS.DumanRSRegulation of BDNF and trkB mRNA in rat brain by chronic electroconvulsive seizure and antidepressant drug treatments.J Neurosci.199515753975477472505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrovesJ.Is it time to reassess the BDNF hypothesis of depression?Moi Psychiatry.2007121079108817700574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NestlerE.TerwilligerRZDumanRS.Chronic antidepressant administration alters the subcellular distribution of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in rat frontal cortex.J Neurochem.198953164416472795022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PerezJ.TinelliD.BrunelloN.RacagniG.cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of soluble and crude microtubule fractions of rat cerebral cortex after prolonged desmethylimipramine treatment.Eur J Pharmacol.19891723053162550266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TiraboschiE.TarditoD.KasaharaJ.et al.Selective phosphorylation of nuclear CREB by fluoxetine is linked to activation of CaM kinase IV and MAP kinase cascades.Neuropsychopharm.20042918311840
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Destot-WongK.LiangK.GuptaSK.et al.The AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator, S18986, is neuroprotctive against neonatal excitotoxic and inflammatory brain damage through BDNF synthesis.Neuropharmacol.200951277286
   Google Scholar
• HanB.HoltzmanDM.BDNF protects the neonatal brain from hypoxicischemic injury in vivo via the ERK pathway.J Neurosci.2000205775578110908618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiyataK.MiyataN.OmoriH.et al.Involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB pathway in neuroprotective effect of cyclosporing A in forebrain.Neurosci.2001105571578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SunX.ZhouH.LuoX.LiS.YuD.HuaJ.MuD.MaoM.Neuroprotection of brain-derived neurotropic factor against hypoxic injury in vitro requires activation of wxtracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.int J Dev Neurosci.20082636337018243629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WaltonM.WaltonB.ConnorP.et al.Neuronal death and survival in two models of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Brain Res Rev.19992913716810209230
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ArancioO.ChaoMV.Neurotrophins, synaptic plasticity and dementia.Curr Opin Neurobiol.20071732533017419049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HenniganA.O'CallaghanRM.KellyAM.Neurotrophins and their receptors: roles in plasticity, neurodegeneratin and neuroprotection.Biochen Soc Trans.200735(Pt 2)424427
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PenceaV.BingamanKDWiegandSJ.LuskinMB.Infusion of brainderived neurotrophic factor into the lateral ventricle of the adult rat leads to new neurons in the parenchyma of the striatum, septum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.J Neurosci.2001216706671711517260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ScharfmanH.MacLuskyNJ.Similarities between actions of estrogen and BDNF in the hippocampus: coincidence or clue?Trends Neurosci.200528798515667930
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SairanenM.LucasG.ErnforsP.CastrenM.CasrenE.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and antidepressant drugs have different but coordinated effects on neuronal turnover, proliferation, and survival in the adult dentate gyrus.J Neurosci.2005251089109415689544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiY.LuikartBW.BirnbaumS.et al.TrkB regulates hippocampal neurogenesis and governs sensitivity to antidepressive treatment.Neuron.20085939941218701066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HoshawB.MalbergJE.LuckiI.Central administration of IGF-I and BDNF leads to long-lasting antidepressant-like effects.Brain Res.20051037 20420815777771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShirayamaY.ChenA C-HNakagawaS.RussellRS.DumanRS.Brain derived neurotrophic factor produces antidepressant effects in behavioral models of depression.J Neurosci.2002223251326111943826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiuciakJA.LewisDR.WiegandSJ.LindsayR.Antidepressant-like effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Pharmacol Biochem Beh.199756131137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FerraraN.GerberHP.LeCouterJ.The biology of VEGF and its receptors.Nat Med.2003966967612778165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeineV.ZarenoJ.MaslamS.JoelsM.LucassenPJ.Chronic stress in the adult dentate gyrus reduces cell proliferation near the vasculature and VEGF and Flk-1 protein expression.Eur J Neurosci.2005211304131415813940
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PalmerT.WillhoiteAR.GageFH.Vascular niche for adult hippocampal neurogenesis.J Comp Neurol.200042547949410975875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner-SchmidtJ.DumanRS.VEGF is an essential mediator of neurogenic and behavioral actions of antidepressants.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.20071044647465217360578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EvansS.ChoudaryPV.NealCR.et al.Dysregulation of the fibroblast growth factor system in major depression.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2004101155061551115483108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TurnerC.GulaEL.TaylorLP.WatsonSJ.AkilH.Antidepressant-like effects of intracerebroventrivular FGF2 in rats.Brain Res.20081224636818586016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MalleiA.ShiB.MocchettiI.Antidepressant treatments induce the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in cortical and hippocampal neurons.Mol Pharmacol.2002611017102411961119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaragnoliM.FumagalliF.GennarelliM.RacagniG.RivaMA.Fluoxetine and olanzapine have synergistic effects in the modulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 expression within the rat brain.Biol Psych.20045510951102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TurnerC.CalvoN.FrostDO.AkilH.WatsonSJ.The fibroblast growth factor system is downregulated following social defeat.Neurosci Lett.200843014715018061349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KhawajaX.XuJ.LiangJ-J.BarrettJE.Proteomic analysis of protein changes developing in rat hippocampus after chronic antidepressant treatment: Impliations for depressive disorders and future therapies.J Neurosci.200475451460
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TrejoJ.CarroE.Torres-AlemanI.Circulating insulin-like growth factor I mediates exercise-induced increases in the number of new neurons in the adult hippocampus.J Neurosci.2001211628163411222653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DumanC.SchlesingerL.RussellDR.DumanRS.Peripheral IGF-1 produces antidepressant-like behavior and is required for the effect of exercise.Behav Br Res.2009198366371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MalbergJ.PiattB.RizzoSJS.et al.Increasing the levels of insulin-like growth factor- 1 by an IGF binding inhibitor produces anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20073223602368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FabelK.FabelK.TarnB.et al.VEGF is necessary for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis.Eur J Neurosci.2003182803281214656329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez-PinillaF.DaoL.VannarithS.Physical exercise induces FGF-2 and its mRNA in the hippocampus.Brain Res.1997764189295187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HunsbergerJ.NewtonSS.BennettAH.et al.Antidepressant actions of the exercise-regulated gene VGF.Nat Med.2007131476148218059283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo-NeustadtA.BeardRC.CotmanCW.Exercise, antidepressant medications, and enhanced brain derived neurotrophic factor expression.Neuropsychopharmacoi.199921679682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CarroE.TrejoJL.BusiguinaS.Torres-AlemanI.Circulating insulin-like growth factor I mediates the protective effects of physical exercise against brain insults of different etiology and anatomy.J Neurosci.2001215678568411466439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CotmanC.BerchtoldNC.ChristieLA.Exercise builds brain health: key roles of growth factor cascades and inflammation.Trends Neurosci.20073046447217765329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DongX.WangY.QinZH.Molecular mechansms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to pathogenisis of neurodegenerative diseases.Acta Pharmacol Sin.20093037938719343058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaliaL.KaliaSK.SalterMW.NMDA receptors in clinical neurology: excitatory times ahead.Lancet Neurol.2008774275518635022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AmielJ.MathewSJ.Glutamate and anxiety disorders.Curr Psych Rep.20079278283
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SanacoraG.ZarateCA.KrystalJH.ManjiHK.Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders.Nat Rev Drig Discov.20087426437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SodhiM.WoodKH.Meador-WoodruffJ.Role of glutamate in schizophrenia: integrating excitatory avenues of research.Exp Rev Neurother.2008813891406
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SanacoraG.GueorguievaR.EppersonCN.et al.Subtype-specific alterations of y-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in patients with major depression.Arch Gen Psychiatry.2004b6170571315237082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LowryM.WittenbergL.YamamotoB.Effect of acute stress on hippocampal glutamate levels and spectrin proteolysis in young and aged rats.J Neurochem.1995652682747790870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoghaddamB.Stress preferentially increases extraneuronal levies of excitatory amino acids in the prefrontal cortex: comparison to hippocampus and basal ganglia.J Neurochem.199360165016578097232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SapolskyR.Glucocorticoids and atrophy of the human hippocampus.Science.19962737497508701325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SapolskyR.The possibility of neurotoxicity in the hippocampus in major depression: a primer on neuron death.Biol Psychiatry.20004875576511063972
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwenB.Estrogens effects on the brain: multiple sites and molecular mechanisms.J Appl Physiol.2001912785280111717247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoyM.SapolskyRM.The exacerbation of hippocampal excitotoxicity by glucocorticoids is not mediated by apoptosis.Neuroendocrinoi.2003772431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BanasrM.ChowdhuryGM.NewtonSS.et al.Glial pathology in an animal model of depression: Reversal of stress-induced cellular, metabolic and behavioral deficits by the glutamate modulating drug riluzole.Mol Psychol.In press
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ValentineG.SanacoraG.Targeting glial physiology and glutamate cycling in the treatment of depression.Biochem Pharmacol.20097843143919376090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PittengerC.DumanRS.Stress, depression, and neuroplasticity: A convergence of mechanisms.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20083388109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKernanD.DinanTG.CryanJF.“Killing the Blues:” A role for cellular suicide (apoptosis) in depression and the antidepressant response?Prog Neurobiol.20098824626319427352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ConnP.JonesCK.Promise of mGluR2/3 activators in psychiatry.Neuropsychopharmacoi.200934248249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiptonS.Pathologically-activated therapeutics for neuroprotection: mechanism of NMDA receptor block by memantine and S-nitrosylation.Curr Drug Targets.2007862163217504105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MineurY.SomenziO.PicciottoMR.Cytosine, a partial agonist of high affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, has antidepressant-like properties in male C57BL/6J mice.Neuropharmacol.20075212561262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BermanR.CappielloA.AnandA.et al.Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients.Biol Psychiatry.20004735135410686270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZarateC.SinghJ.ManjiHK.Cellular plasticity cascades: targets for the development of novel therapeutics for bipolar disorder.Biol Psych.20065910061020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PreskomS.BakerB.OmoK.KolluriS.MennitiFS.LandenJW.A placebo-controlled trial of the NR2B subunit specific NMDA antagonist CP101,606 plus paroxetine for treatment resistant depression (TRD). Paper presented at: APA. 2007
   Google Scholar
• CastrenE.da Pennha BerzaghiM.LindholmD.ThoenenH.Differential effects of MK-801 on brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA levels in different regions of the rat brain.Exp Neurol.19931222442528405262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TakahashiM.KakitaA.FutamuraT.et al.Sustained brain-derived neurotrophic factor up-regulation and sensorimotor gating abnormality induced by postnatal exposure to phencyclidine: comparison with adult treatment.J Neurochem.20069977078016903871
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaengS.ZarateCA.DuJ.et al.Cellular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine: Role of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors.Biol Psych.200763349352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PatilS.ZhangL.MartenyiF.et al.Activation of mGlu2/3 receptors as a new approach to treat schizophrenia: a randomized Phase 2 clinical trial.Nat Med.2007131102110717767166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuX.LiX-Y.BanasrM.KooJW.ShahidM.HenryB.DumanRS.Chronic treatment with AMPA receptor potentiator Org 16576 increases neuronal cell proliferation and survival in adult rodent hippocampus.Psychopharrnacol.2009, In press
   Google Scholar
• CoryS.AdamsJM.The Bcl2 family: regulators of the cellular life-ordeath switch.Nat Rev Cancer.2002264765612209154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LucassenP.MullerMB.HolsboerF.et al.Hippocampal apoptosis in major depression is a minor event and absent from sub-areas at risk for glucocorticoid overexposure.Am J Pathology.2001158453468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LucassenP.Vollmann-HonsdorfGK.GleisbergM.CzéhB.De KloetER.FuchsE.Chronic psychosocial stress differentially affects apoptosis in hippocampal subregions and cortex of the adult tree shrew.Eur J Neurosci.20011416116611488960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BachisA.MalleiA.CruzMMI.WellsteinA.MocchettiI.Chronic antidepressant treatments increase basic fibroblast growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-binding protein in neurons.Neuropharmacol.20085511141120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeJ.DuanW.MattsonMP.Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is required for basal neurogenesis and mediates, in part, the enhancement of neurogenesis by dietary restriction in the hippocampus of adult mice.J Neurochem.2002821367137512354284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HarlanJ.ChenY.GubbinsE.MuellerR.et al.Variants in Apaf-1 segregating with major depression promote apoptosome function.Mol Psych.2006117685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KostenT.GallowayMP.DumanRS.RussellDS.D'SaC.Repeated unpredictable stress and antidepressants differentially regulate expression of the Bcl-2 family of apoptotic genes in rat cortical, hippocampal, and limbic brain structures.Neuropsychopharmacoi.20083315451558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuJ.WangY.HunterR.WeiY.et al.Dynamic regulation of mitochondrial function by glucocorticoids.PNAS.20091063543354819202080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MurrayF.HutsonPH.Hippocampal Bcl-2 expression is selectively increased following chronic but not acute treatment with antidepressants, 5-HT(1A0 or 5-HT(2C/2B0 receptor antagonists.Eur J Pharmacol.2007569414717582397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XuB.GouldingEH.ZangK.et al.Brain-derived neurotropohic factor regulates energy balance downstream of melanocortin-4 receptor. WatNeurosci.20036736742
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenR.ChuangDM.Long term lithium treatment suppresses p53 and Bax expression but increases Bcl-2 expression. A prominent role in neuroprotection against excitotoxicity.J Biol Chem.19992746039604210037682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BieleckaA.ObuchowiczE.Antiapoptotic action of lithium and valproate.Pharmacol Rep.20086077178219211968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChuangD.The antiapoptotic actions of mood stabilizers: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.Ann N Y Acad Sci.2005105319520416179524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChuangD.ManjiHK.In search of the Holy Grail for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: has a simple cation been overlooked?Biol Psych.20076246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoyleJ.DumanRSFinding the intracellular signaling pathways affected by mood disorder treatments.Neuron.20033815716012718851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonasE.HoitD.HickmanJA.et al.Modulation of synaptic transmission by the BCL-2 family protein BCL-xL.J Neurosci.2003238423843112968005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BachmanR.WangY.YuanP.et al.Common effects of lithium and valproate on mitochondrial functions: protection against methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial damage,int J Neuropsychopharmacoi.200912805822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnismanH.Cascading effects of stressors and inflammatory immune system activation: implications for major depressive disorder.J Psych Neurosci.200934420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrippoA.JohnsonAK.Stress, depression and cardiovascular dysregulation: a review of neurobiological mechanisms and the integration of research from preclinical disease models.Stress.20091211219116888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KhairovaR.machado-VieiraR.DuJ.ManjiHK.A potential role for pro-inflammatory cytokines in regulating synaptic plasticity in major depressive disorder.Int J Neuropsychopharmacoi.200912561578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillerA.MaleticV.RaisonCL.Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression.Biol Psych.200965732741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnismanH.MeraliZ.Cytokines, stress and depressive illness.Brain Behav linmun.200216513524
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LevineJ.BarakY.ChengappaKN.RapoportA.RebeyM.BarakV.Cerebrospinal cytokine levels in patients with acute depression.Neuropsychobiology.19994017117610559698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnismanH.HayleyS.TurrinN.MeraliZ.Cytokines as a stressor: implications for depressive illness.Int J Neuropharmacol.20025357373
   Google Scholar
• TyringS.GottliebA.PappK.et al.Etanercept and clinical outcomes, fatique, and depression in psoriasis: double-blind placebo-controlled randomized phase III trial.Lancet.2006367293516399150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ReynoldsJ.IgnatowskiTA.SudR.SpenglerRN.An antidepressant mechanism of desipramine is to decrease tumor necrosis factor-alpha production culminating in increases in noradrenergic neurotransmission.Neurosci.2005133519531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SimenB.DumanCH.SimenAA.DumanRS.TNF alpha signaling in depression and anxiety: behavioral consequences of individual receptor targeting.Biol Psychiatry.20065977578516458261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KooJ.DumanRS.IL-1B is an essential mediator of the anti-neurogenic and anhedonic effects of sress.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.200810575175618178625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KooJ.DumanRS.IL-1 receptor null mice show decreased anxiety and enhanced fear memory.Neurosci Lett.2009 In press
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LanquillonS.KriegJC.Bening-Abu-ShachU.VedderH.Cytokine production and treatment response in major depressive disorder.Neuropsychopharm.200022370379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaesM.MeltzerHY.BosmansE.BergmansR.VandoolaegheE.RanjanR.Increased plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-2 and transferrin receptor in major depression.J Affect Dis.1995343013098550956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MikovaO.YakimovaR.BosmansE.KenisG.MaesM.Increased serum tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations in major depression and multiple sclerosis.Eur Neuropsychopharm.200111203208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SluzewskaA.RybakowskiJK.LaciakM.MackiewiczA.SobieskaM.WiktorowiczK.Interleukin-6 serum levels in depressed patients before and after treatment with fluoxetine.Annals NY Acad Sci.1995762474476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TugluC.KaraSH.CaliyurtO.VardarE.AbayE.Increased serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and treatment response in major depressive disorder.Psychopharmacology (Berl).200317042943312955291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ConnorT.LeonardBE.Depression, stress and immunological activation: the role of cytokines in depressive disorders.Life Sci.1998625836069472719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaierS.WatkinsLR.Intracerebroventrivular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks the enhancement of fear conditioning and interference with escape produced by inescapable shock.Brain Res.19956952792828556346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MeraliZ.BrennanK.BrauP.AnismanH.Dissociating anorexia and anhedonia elicited by interleukin-1beta: antidepressant and gender effects on responding for “free chow” and “earned” sucrose intake.Psychopharm.2003165413418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KooJ.DumanRS.IL-1B is an essential mediator of the anti-neurogenic and anhedonic effects of sress.Soc Neurosci Abst.2008105751756
   Google Scholar
• O'ConnorJ.LawsonMA.AndreC.et al.Induction of IDO by bacille Calmette-Guerin is responsible for development of murine depressive-like behavior.J Immunol.20091823202321219234218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'ConnorJ.LawsonMA.AndreC.et al.Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediate the upregulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and the induction of depressive-like behavior in mice in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin.J Neurosci.2009294200420919339614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar