REFERENCES

• FengJ.NestlerEJ.Epigenetic mechanisms of drug addiction.Curr Opin Neurobiol.20132352152823374537
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PenaCJ.BagotRC.LabonteB.NestlerEJ.Epigenetic signaling in psychiatric disorders.J Mol Biol. 2014 Apr 5. Epub ahead of print.
   Google Scholar
• BaliP.KennyPJ.MicroRNAs and drug addiction.Front Genet.201344323717324
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RobisonAJ.NestlerEJ.Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of addiction.Nat Rev Neurosci.20111262363721989194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MahgoubM.MonteggiaLM.Epigenetics and psychiatry.Neurotherapeutics.20131073474124092614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HasanA.MitchellA.SchneiderA.HaleneT.AkbarianS.Epigenetic dysregulation in schizophrenia: molecular and clinical aspects of histone deacetylase inhibitors.Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.201326327328423381549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DempsterE.VianaJ.PidsleyR.MillJ.Epigenetic studies of schizophrenia: progress, predicaments, and promises for the future.Schizophr Bull.201339111623211398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CislerJM.JamesGA.TripathiS.et alDifferential functional connectivity within an emotion regulation neural network among individuals resilient and susceptible to the depressogenic effects of early life stress.Psychol Med.20134350751822781311
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SequeiraA.KlempanT.CanettiL.et alPatterns of gene expression in the limbic system of suicides with and without major depression.Mol Psychiatry.20071264065517353912
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DumanRS.AghajanianGK.Synaptic dysfunction in depression: potential therapeutic targets.Science.2012338687223042884
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwenBS.Protection and damage from acute and chronic stress: allostasis and allostatic overload and relevance to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.Ann NY Acad Sci.200410321715677391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ResslerKJ.MaybergHS.Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic.Nat Neurosci.2007101116112417726478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JenuweinT.AllisCD.Translating the histone code.Science.20012931074108011498575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StrahlBD.AllisCD.The language of covalent histone modifications.Nature.2000403414510638745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KloseRJ.BirdAP.Genomic DNA methylation: the mark and its mediators.Trends Biochem Sci.200631899716403636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaunakeaAK.NagarajanRP.BilenkyM.et alConserved role of intragenic DNA methylation in regulating alternative promoters.Nature.201046625325720613842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KriaucionisS.HeintzN.The nuclear DNA base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is present in Purkinje neurons and the brain.Science.200932492993019372393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TahilianiM.KohKP.ShenY.et alConversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MIL partner TET1.Science.200932493093519372391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FengJ.ChangH.LiE.FanG.Dynamic expression of de novo DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b in the central nervous system.J Neurosci Res.20057973474615672446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaDK.GuoJU.MingGL.SongH.DNA excision repair proteins and Gadd45 as molecular players for active DNA demethylation.Cell Cycle.200981526153119377292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AapolaU.KawasakiK.ScottHS.et alIsolation and initial characterization of a novel zinc finger gene, DNMT3L, on 21q22.3, related to the cytosine-5-methyltransferase 3 gene family.Genomics.20006529329810857753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BertonO.McClungCA.DileoneRJ.et alEssential role of BDNF in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway in social defeat stress.Science.200631186486816469931
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WallaceDL.HanMH.GrahamDL.et alCREB regulation of nucleus accumbens excitability mediates social isolation-induced behavioral deficits.Nat Neurosci.20091220020919151710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TsankovaNM.BertonO.RenthalW.KumarA.NeveRL.NestlerEJ.Sustained hippocampal chromatin regulation in a mouse model of depression and antidepressant action.Nat Neurosci.2006951952516501568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CovingtonHE.MazeI.LaPlantQC.et alAntidepressant actions of histone deacetylase inhibitors.J Neurosci.200929114511146019759294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchroederFA.LinCL.CrusioWE.AkbarianS.Antidepressant-like effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, sodium butyrate, in the mouse.Biol Psychiatry.200762556416945350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SembaJ.KurodaY.TakahashiR.Potential antidepressant properties of subchronic GABA transaminase inhibitors in the forced swimming test in mice.Neuropsychobiology.1989211521562559361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeaverIC.CervoniN.ChampagneFA.et alEpigenetic programming by maternal behavior.Nat Neurosci.2004784785415220929
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YamawakiY.FuchikamiM.MorinobuS.SegawaM.MatsutnotoT.YamawakiS.Antidepressant-like effect of sodium butyrate (HDAC inhibitor) and its molecular mechanism of action in the rat hippocampus.World J Biol Psychiatry.20121345846721812623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhuH.HuangQ.XuH.NiuL.ZhouJN.Antidepressant-like effects of sodium butyrate in combination with estrogen in rat forced swimming test: involvement of 5-HT(1A) receptors.Behav Brain Res.200919620020618817816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UchidaS.HaraK.KobayashiA.et alEpigenetic status of Gdnf in the ventral striatum determines susceptibility and adaptation to daily stressful events.Neuron.20116935937221262472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RenthalW.MazeI.KrishnanV.et alHistone Deacetylase 5 epigenetically controls behavioral adaptations to chronic emotional stimuli.Neuron.20075651752917988634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CovingtonHE.MazeI.SunH.et alA role for repressive histone methylation in cocaine-induced vulnerability to stress.Neuron.20117165667021867882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MollisF.DuclotF.GunjanA.KabbajM.Individual differences in the effect of social defeat on anhedonia and histone acetylation in the rat hippocampus.Norm Behav.201159331337
   Google Scholar
• TsankovaNM.KumarA.NestlerEJ.Histone modifications at gene promoter regions in rat hippocampus after acute and chronic electroconvulsive seizures.J Neurosci.2004245603561015201333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CovingtonHE 3rdVialouVF.LaplantQ.OhnishiYN.NestlerEJ.Hippocampal-dependent antidepressant-like activity of histone deacetylase inhibition.Neurosci Lett.201149312212621335060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SterrenburgL.GasznerB.BoerrigterJ.et alChronic stress induces sex-specific alterations in methylation and expression of corticotropinreleasing factor gene in the rat.PLoS One.20116e28128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HollisF.WangH.DietzD.GunjanA.KabbajM.The effects of repeated social defeat on long-term depressive-like behavior and short-term histone modifications in the hippocampus in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Psychopharmacology.2010211697720454892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HinwoodM.TynanRJ.DayTA.WalkerFR.Repeated social defeat selectively increases SFosB expression and histone H3 acetylation in the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex.Cereb Cortex.20112126227120513656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KenworthyCA.SenguptaA.LuzSM.et alSocial defeat induces changes in histone acetylation and expression of histone modifying enzymes in the ventral hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and dorsal raphe nucleus.Neuroscience.2014264889823370319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RobisonAJ.VialouV.SunHS.et alFluoxetine epigenetically alters the CaMKIIa promoter in nucleus accumbens to regulate AFosB binding and antidepressant effects.Neuropsychopharmacology.2014391178118624240473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilkinsonMB.XiaoG.KumarA.et alImipramine treatment and resiliency exhibit similar chromatin regulation in the mouse nucleus accumbens in depression models.J Neurosci.2009297820783219535594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoldenSA.ChristoffelDJ.HeshmatiM.et alEpigenetic regulation of RAC1 induces synaptic remodeling in stress disorders and depression.Nat Med.20131933734423416703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HunterRG.McCarthyKJ.MilneTA.PfaffDW.McewenBS.Regulation of hippocampal H3 histone methylation by acute and chronic stress.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2009106209122091719934035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HunterRG.MurakamiG.DewellS.et alAcute stress and hippocampal histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation, a retrotransposon silencing response.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2012109176571766223043114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JiangY.MatevossianA.HuangHS.StraubhaarJ.AkbarianS.Isolation of neuronal chromatin from brain tissue.BMC Neurosci.200894218442397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CruceanuC.AldaM.NagyC.FreemantleE.RouleauGA.TureckiG.H3K4 tri-methylation in synapsin genes leads to different expression patterns in bipolar disorder and major depression.Int J Neuropsychopharmacol.20131628929922571925
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FioriLM.GrossJA.TureckiG.Effects of histone modifications on increased expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in suicide.Int J Neuropsychopharmacol.2012151161116622008221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ErnstC.ChenES.TureckiG.Histone methylation and decreased expression of TrkB.TI in orbital frontal cortex of suicide completers.Mol Psychiatry.20091483083219696771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ErnstC.DelevaV.DengX.et alAlternative splicing, methylation state, and expression profile of tropomyosin-related kinase B in the frontal cortex of suicide completers.Arch Gen Psychiatry.200966223219124685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RazzoliM.DomeniciE.CarboniL.et alA role for BDNF/TrkB signaling in behavioral and physiological consequences of social defeat stress. Genes Brain Behav.20111042443321272243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenES.ErnstC.TureckiG.The epigenetic effects of antidepressant treatment on human prefrontal cortex BDNF expression.Int J Neuropsychopharmacol.20111442742921134314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LopezJP.MamdaniF.LabonteB.et alEpigenetic regulation of BDNF expression according to antidepressant response.Mol Psychiatry.20131839839922547115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaPlantQ.VialouV.CovingtonHE.et alDnmt3a regulates emotional behavior and spine plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.Nat Neurosci.2010131137114320729844
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ElliottEE.Ezra-NevoGG.RegevLL.Neufeld-CohenAA.ChenAA.Resilience to social stress coincides with functional DNA methylation of the Crf gene in adult mice.Nat Neurosci.2010131351135320890295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FyffeSL.NeulJL.SamacoRC.et alDeletion of Mecp2 inSitnl-expressing neurons reveals a critical role for MeCP2 in feeding behavior, aggression, and the response to stress.Neuron.20085994795818817733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillJ.TangT.KaminskyZ.et alEpigenomic profiling reveals DNAmethylation changes associated with major psychosis.Am J Hum Genet.20088269671118319075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladd-AcostaC.PevsnerJ.SabunciyanS.et alDNA methylation signatures within the human brain.Am J Hum Genet.2007811304131517999367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeatonAM.WebbS.KerrAR.et alCell type-specific DNA methylation at intragenic CpG islands in the immune system.Genome Res.2011211074108621628449
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IwamotoK.BundoM.UedaJ.et alNeurons show distinctive DNA methylation profile and higher interindividual variations compared with non-neurons. Genome.Res.201121688696
   Google Scholar
• HeimC.NemeroffCB.The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies.Biol Psychiatry.2001491023103911430844
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolmesSJ.RobinsLN.The influence of childhood disciplinary experience on the development of alcoholism and depression.J Child Psychol Psychiatry.1987283994153597564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EnochMA.The role of early life stress as a predictor for alcohol and drug dependence.Psychopharmacology.2011214173120596857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RiggsS.AlarioAJ.Adolescent substance use and the role of the primary care provider.R I Med J.1990732532572193360
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MeaneyMJ.Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations.Annu Rev Neurosci.2001241161119211520931
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MatriscianoF.TuetingP.DalaiI.et alEpigenetic modifications of GABAergic interneurons are associated with the schizophrenia-like phenotype induced by prenatal stress in mice.Neuropharmacology.20136818419422564440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LevineA.WorrellTR.ZimniskyR.SchmaussC.Early life stress triggers sustained changes in histone deacetylase expression and histone H4 modifications that alter responsiveness to adolescent antidepressant treatment.Neurobiol Dis.20124548849821964251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BlazeJ.RothTL.Exposure to caregiver maltreatment alters expression levels of epigenetic regulators in the medial prefrontal cortex.Int J Dev Neurosci.20133180481024120634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XieL.KorkmazKS.BraunK.BockJ.Early life stress-induced histone acetylations correlate with activation of the synaptic plasticity genes Arc and Egr1 in the mouse hippocampus.J Neurochem.201312545746423413876
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BagotRC.ZhangTY.WenX.et alVariations in postnatal maternal care and the epigenetic regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 expression and hippocampal function in the rat.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2012109172001720723045678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGowanPO.SudermanM.SasakiA.et alBroad epigenetic signature of maternal care in the brain of adult rats.PLoS One.20116e1473921386994
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangTY.HellstromIC.BagotRC.WenX.DiorioJ.MeaneyMJ.Maternal care and DNA methylation of a glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 promoter in rat hippocampus.J Neurosci.201030131301313720881131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeaverIC.MeaneyMJ.SzyfM.Maternal care effects on the hippocampal transcriptome and anxiety-mediated behaviors in the offspring that are reversible in adulthood.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.20061033480348516484373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GitauR.CameronA.FiskNM.GloverV.Fetal exposure to maternal Cortisol.Lancet.19983527077089728994
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JensenPeña C.MonkC.ChampagneFA.Epigenetic effects of prenatal stress on 11[J-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 in the placenta and fetal brain.PLoS One.20127e39791e3979122761903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MairesseJ.LesageJ.BretonC.et alMaternal stress alters endocrine function of the feto-placental unit in rats.Am J Physiol Endo Metab.2007292E1526E1533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'DonnellKJ.BuggeJensen A.FreemanL.KhalifeN.O'ConnorTG.GloverV.Maternal prenatal anxiety and downregulation of placental 11P-HSD2.Psychoneuroendocrinology.20123781882622001010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolmesMC.AbrahamsenCT.FrenchKL.PatersonJM.MullinsJJ.SecklJR.The mother or the fetus? 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 null mice provide evidence for direct fetal programming of behavior by endogenous glucocorticoids.J Neurosci.2006263840384416597738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WelbergLA.SecklJR.HolmesMC.Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, the foeto-placental barrier to maternal glucocorticoids, permanently programs amygdala GR mRNA expression and anxietylike behaviour in the offspring.Eur J Neurosci.2000121047105410762336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuellerBR.BaleTL.Sex-specific programming of offspring emotionality after stress early in pregnancy.J Neurosci.2008289055906518768700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OberlanderTF.WeinbergJ.PapsdorfM.GrunauR.MisriS.DevlinAM.Prenatal exposure to maternal depression, neonatal methylation of human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and infant Cortisol stress responses.Epigenetics.200839710618536531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HompesT.IzziB.GellensE.et alInvestigating the influence of maternal Cortisol and emotional state during pregnancy on the DNA methylation status of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) promoter region in cord blood.J Psychiatr Res.20134788089123566423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RadtkeKM.RufM.GunterHM.et alTransgenerational impact of intimate partner violence on methylation in the promoter of the glucocorticoid receptor.Transl Psychiatry.20111e2122832523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DevlinAM.BrainU.AustinJ.OberlanderTF.Prenatal exposure to maternal depressed mood and the MTHFR C677T variant affect SLC6A4 methylation in infants at birth.PLoS One.20105e1220120808944
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchroederJ.SmithA.BrennanP.et alDNA methylation in neonates born to women receiving psychiatric care.Epigenetics.2012740941422419064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SudermanM.McGowanPO.SasakiA.et alConserved epigenetic sensitivity to early life experience in the rat and human hippocampus.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2012109172661727223045659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PeñaCJ.NeugutYD.ChampagneFA.Developmental timing of the effects of maternal care on gene expression and epigenetic regulation of hormone receptor levels in female rats.Endocrinology.20131544340435124002038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LabonteB.YerkoV.GrossJ.et alDifferential glucocorticoid receptor exon 1(B), 1(C), and 1(H) expression and methylation in suicide completers with a history of childhood abuse.Biol Psychiatry.201272414822444201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGowanPO.SasakiA.D'AlessioAC.et alEpigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse.Nat Neurosci.20091234234819234457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PerroudN.Paoloni-GiacobinoA.PradaP.et alIncreased methylation of glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: a link with the severity and type of trauma.Transl Psychiatry.20111e5922832351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TyrkaAR.PriceLH.MarsitC.WaltersOC.CarpenterLL.Childhood adversity and epigenetic modulation of the leukocyte glucocorticoid receptor: preliminary findings in healthy adults.PLoS One.20127e3014822295073
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AltSR.TurnerJD.KlokMD.et alDifferential expression of glucocorticoid receptor transcripts in major depressive disorder is not epigenetically programmed.Psychoneuroendocrinology.20103554455619782477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuidottiA.AutaJ.DavisJM.et alDecrease in reelin and glutamic acid decarboxylase67 (GAD67) expression in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a postmortem brain study.Arch Gen Psychiatry.2000571061106911074872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VeldicM.CarunchoHJ.LiuWS.et alDNA-methyltransferase 1 mRNA is selectively overexpressed in telencephalic GABAergic interneurons of schizophrenia brains.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.200410134835314684836
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KundakovicM.ChenY.CostaE.GraysonDR.DNA methyltransferase inhibitors coordinately induce expression of the human reelin and glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 genes.Mol Pharmacol.20077164465317065238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GraysonDR.JiaX.ChenY.et alReelin promoter hypermethylation in schizophrenia.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.20051029341934615961543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TamuraY.KunugiH.OhashiJ.HohjohH.Epigenetic aberration of the human REELIN gene in psychiatric disorders.Mol Psychiatry.200712593600
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PoulterMO.DuL.WeaverIC.et alGABAA receptor promoter hypermethylation in suicide brain: implications for the involvement of epigenetic processes.Biol Psychiatry.20086464565218639864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MurgatroydC.PatchevAV.WuY.et alDynamic DNA methylation programs persistent adverse effects of early-life stress.Nat Neurosci.2009121559156619898468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NiwaM.Jaaro-PeledH.TankouS.et alAdolescent stress-induced epigenetic control of dopaminergic neurons via glucocorticoids.Science.201333933533923329051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LabonteB.SudermanM.MaussionG.et alGenome-wide epigenetic regulation by early-life trauma.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20126972273122752237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UddinM.AielloAE.WildmanDE.et alEpigenetic and immune function profiles associated with posttraumatic stress disorder.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.20101079470947520439746
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RothTL.LubinFD.FunkAJ.SweattJD.Lasting epigenetic influence of early-life adversity on the BDNF gene.Biol Psychiatry.20096576076919150054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RothTL.ZoladzPR.SweattJD.DiamondDM.Epigenetic modification of hippocampal Bdnf DNA in adult rats in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder.J Psychiatr Res.20114591992621306736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SunH.KennedyPJ.NestlerEJ.Epigenetics of the depressed brain: role of histone acetylation and methylation.Neuropsychopharmacology.20133812413722692567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar