REFERENCES

• National Institute of Mental Health. National Institute of Mental Health Strategic Plan. 2008. Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/ strategic-planningreports/nimh-strategic-plan-2008. pdf. Accessed July 10, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• EllsworthRE.DecewiczDJ.ShriverCD.EllsworthDL.Breast cancer in the personal genomics era.Curr Genomics.20101114616121037853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MurrayCJ.VosT.LozanoR.et alDisability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.Lancet.20123802197222323245608
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cardosa de AlmeidaJR.PhillipsML.Distinguishing between unipolar depression and bipolar depression: Current and future clinical and neuroimaging perspectives.Biol Psychiatry.20137311111822784485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PhillipsML.SwartzHA.A critical appraisal of neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder: toward a new conceptualization of underlying neural circuitry and a road map for future research.Am J Psychiatry.201417182984324626773
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ResslerKJ.MaybergHS.Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic.Nat Neurosci.2007101116112417726478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GillihanSJ.ParensE.Should we expect “neural signatures” for DSM diagnoses?J Clin Psychiatry.2011721383138921457680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DrevetsWC.VideenTO.PriceJL.PreskornSH.CarmichaelST.RaichleME.A functional anatomical study of unipolar depression.J Neurosci.199212362836411527602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoldappleK.SegalZ.GarsonC.et alModulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: treatment-specific effects of cognitive behavior therapy.Arch Gen Psychiatry.200461344114706942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LorenzettiV.AllenNB.FornitoA.YucelM.Structural brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder: a selective review of recent MRI studies.J Affect Disord.200911711719237202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AranaGW.BaldessariniRJ.OrnsteenM.The dexamethasone suppression test for diagnosis and prognosis in psychiatry. Commentary and review.Arch Gen Psychiatry.198542119312043000317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaslerG.DrevetsWC.ManjiHK.CharneyDS.Discovering endophenotypes for depression.Neuropsychopharmacology2004291765178115213704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillerAH.MaleticV.RaisonCL.Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression.Biol Psychiatry.20096573274119150053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UherR.TanseyKE.DrewT.et alAn inflammatory biomarker as a differential predictor of outcome of depression treatment with escitalopram and nortriptyline.Am J Psychiatry. 2014 Jul 14. Epub ahead of print.
   Google Scholar
• MilakMS.ParseyRV.KeilpJ.OquendoMA.MaloneKM.MannJJ.Neuroanatomic correlates of psychopathologic components of major depressive disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20056239740815809407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HellerAS.JohnstoneT.PetersonMJ.KoldenGG.KalinNH.DavidsonRJ.Increased prefrontal cortex activity during negative emotion regulation as a predictor of depression symptom severity trajectory over 6 months.JAMA Psychiatry.2013701181118924173657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TreadwayMT.PizzagalliDA.Imaging the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder - from localist models to circuit-based analysis.Biol Mood Anxiety Disord.20144524606595
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RaichleME.MacLeodAM.SnyderAZ.PowersWJ.GusnardDA.ShulmanGL.A default mode of brain function.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.20019867668211209064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BucknerRL.Andrews-HannaJR.SchacterDL.The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease.Ann N Y Acad Sci.2008112413818400922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShelineYl.BarchDM.PriceJL.et alThe default mode network and self-referential processes in depression.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.20091061942194719171889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SeeleyWW.MenonAF.SchatzbergAF.et alDissociable intrinsic connectivity networks for salience processing and executive control.J Neurosci.2007272349235617329432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CaudaF.D'AgataF.SaccoK.DucaS.GeminianiG.VercelliA.Functional connectivity of the insula in the resting brain.Neuroimage.201155823
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SridharanD.LevitinDJ.MenonV.A critical role for the right frontoinsular cortex in switching between central-executive and default-mode networks.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2008105125691257418723676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MenonV.UddinLQ.Saliency, switching, attention and control: a network model of insula function.Brain Struct Funct.201021465566720512370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HamiltonJP.FurmanDJ.ChangC.ThomasonME.DennisE.GotlibIH.Default-mode and task positive network activity in major depressive disorder: implications for adaptive and maladaptive rumination.Biol Psychiatry.20117032733321459364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FournierJC.DeRubeisRJ.HollonSG.SheltonRC.AmsterdamJD.GallopR.Prediction of response to medication and cognitive therapy in the treatment of moderate to severe depression.J Consult Clin Psychol.20087777578719634969
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KraemerHC.WilsonGT.FairburnCG.AgrasWS.Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20025987788412365874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrathCL.KelleyME.HoltzheimerPE.et alToward a neuroimaging treatment selection biomarker for major depressive disorder.JAMA Psychiatry.20137082182923760393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeuchterAF.CookIA.MarangellLB.et alComparative effectiveness of biomarkers and clinical indicators for predicting outcomes of SSRI treatment in Major Depressive Disorder: results of the BRITE-MD study.Psychiatry Res.200916912413119712979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FoxMD.RaichleME.Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging.Nat Rev Neurosci.2007870071117704812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MilakMS.ParseyRV.LeeL.et alPretreatment regional brain glucose uptake in the midbrain on PET may predict remission from a major depressive episode after three months of treatment.Psychiatry Res.2009173637019446443
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FuCH.SteinerH.CostafredaSG.Predictive neural biomarkers of clinical response in depression: a meta-analysis of functional and structural neuroimaging studies of pharmacological and psychological therapies.Neurobiol Dis.201252758322659303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association.Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. 3rd ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• PizzagalliDA.Frontocingulate dysfunction in depression: toward biomarkers of treatment response.Neuropsychopharmacology20113618320620861828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LittleJT.KetterTA.KimbrellTA.et alBupropion and venlafaxine responded differ in pretreatment regional cerebral metabolism in unipolar depression.Biol Psychiatry.20055722022815691522
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WagnerG.KochK.SchachtzabelC.et alDifferential effects of serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants on brain activity during a cognitive control task and neurofunctional prediction of treatment outcome in patients with depression.J Psychiatry Neurosci.20103524725720598238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrodlT.ScheuereckerJ.SchoepfV.et alDifferent effects of mirtazapine and venlafaxine on brain activation: an open randomized controlled f MRI study.J Clin Psychiatry.20117244845720868630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrodySaxenaS.StoesselP.et alRegional brain metabolic changes in patients with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal therapy: preliminary findings.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20015863164011448368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MartinSD.MartinE.RaiSS.RichardsonMA.RoyallR.Brain blood flow changes in depressed patients treated with interpersonal psychotherapy or venlafaxine hydrochloride: preliminary findings.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20015864164811448369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KennedySH.KonarskiJZ.SegalZV.et alDifferences in brain glucose metabolism between responders to CBT and venlafaxine in a 16-week randomized controlled trial.Am J Psychiatry.200716477878817475737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KonarskiJZ.KennedySH.SegalZV.et alPredictors of nonresponse to cognitive behavioural therapy or venlafaxine using glucose metabolism in major depressive disorder.J Psychiatry Neurosci.20093417518019448846
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChangLJ.YarkoniT.KhawMW.SanfeyAG.Decoding the role of the insula in human cognition: functional panellation and large-scale reverse inference.Cereb Cortex.20132373974922437053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CraigAD.How do you feel - now? The anterior insula and human awareness.Nat Rev Neurosci.200910597019096369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangW-N.ChangS-H.GuoL-Y.ZhangK-L.WangJ.The neural correlates of reward-related processing in major depressive disorder: a metaanalysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies.J Affect Disord.201315153153923856280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeckAT.The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates.Am J Psychiatry.200816596997718628348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FitzgeraldPB.LairdAR.MailerJ.DaskalakisZJ.A meta-analytic study of changes in brain activation in depression.Hum Brain Mapp.20082968369517598168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DelaveauP.JabourianM.LemogneC.GuionnetS.BergouignanL.FossatiP.Brain effects of antidepressants in major depression: a metaanalysis of emotional processing studies.J Affect Disord.2011130667421030092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SlizD.HawleyS.Major Depressive disorder and alternations in insular cortical activity: a review of current functional magnetic imaging research.Front Hum Neurosci.2012632323227005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DunlopBW.KelleyME.McGrathCL.CraigheadWE.MaybergHS.Preliminary findings supporting insula metabolic activity as a predictor of outcome to psychotherapy and medication treatments for depression.J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014. In press.
   Google Scholar
• SamsonAC.MeisezahlE.ScheuereckerJ.et alBrain activation predicts treatment improvement in patients with major depressive disorder.J Psychiatr Res.2011351214122221477817
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MaybergHS.BrannanSK.TekellJL.et alRegional metabolic effects of fluoxetine in major depression: serial changes and relationship to clinical response.Biol Psychiatry.20004883084311063978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KennedySH.EvansKR.KrugerS.et alChanges in regional brain glucose metabolism measured with positron emission tomography after paroxetine treatment of major depression.Am J Psychiatry.200115889990511384897
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paillere MartinetML.MartinetJL.RinguenetD.et alBaseline brain metabolism in resistant depression and response to transcranial magnetic stimulation.Neuropsychopharmacology.2011362710271921849980
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KitoS.HasegawaT.KogaY.Neuroanatomical correlates of therapeutic efficacy of low-frequency right prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression.Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.20116517518221414091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RizviSJ.SalomonsTV.KonarskiJZ.et alNeural response to emotional stimuli associated with successful antidepressant treatment and behavioral activation.J Affect Disord.201315157358123948629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ConwayCR.ChibnallJT.GangwaniS.et alPretreatment cerebral metabolic activity correlates with antidepressant efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant major depression: a potential marker for response?J Affect Disord.201213928329022397889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CraigheadWE.DunlopBW.Combination psychotherapy and antidepressant medication for depression: for whom, when and how.Ann Rev Psychol.20146526730024405361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacQueenGM.YucelK.TaylorVH.MacdonaldK.JoffeR.Posterior hippocampal volumes are associated with remission rates in patients with major depressive disorder.Biol Psychiatry.20086488088318722590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SamannPG.HohnD.ChechkoN.et alPrediction of antidepressant treatment response from gray matter volume across diagnostic categories.Eur Neuropsychopharmacoi.20132315031515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrodlT.JagerM.SmajstrlovaI.et alEffect of hippocampal and amygdala volumes on clinical outcomes in major depression: a 3-year prospective magnetic resonance imaging study.J Psychiatry Neurosci.20083342343018787661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KronmullerKT.PantelJ.KohlerS.et alHippocampal volume and 2-year outcome in depression.Br J Psychiatry.200819247237318515903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ArnoneE.McKieS.ElliottR.et alState-dependent changes in hippocampal grey matter in depression.Mol Psychiatry.2013181265127223128153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TendolkarI.van BeekM.van OostromI.et alElectroconvulsive therapy increases hippocampal and amygdala volume in the therapy refractory depression: a longitudinal pilot study.Psychiatry Res: Neuroimaging.201330197203
   Google Scholar
• Levy-GigiE.SzaboC.KelemenO.KeriS.Association among clinical response, hippocampal volume, and FKBP5 gene expression in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder receiving cognitive behavioral therapy.Biol Psychiatry.20137479380023856297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrathCL.KelleyME.DunlopBW.HoltzheimerPE.CraigheadWE.MaybergHS.Pretreatment brain states identify likely nonresponse to standard treatments for depression.Biol Psychiatry.20147652753524462230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiegleGJ.CarterCS.ThaseME.Use of FMRI to predict recovery from unipolar depression with cognitive behavior therapy.Am J Psychiatry.200616373573816585452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiegleGJ.ThompsonWK.CollierA.et alToward clinically useful neuroimaging in depression treatment: prognostic utility of subgenual cingulate activity for determining depression outcome in cognitive therapy across studies, scanners, and patient characteristics.Arch Gen Psychiatry.20126991392422945620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaybergHS.LozanoAM.VoonV.et alDeep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression.Neuron.20054565166015748841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GreiciusMD.FloresBH.MenonV.et alResting-state functional connectivity in major depression: abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus.Biol Psychiatry.20076242943717210143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DoughertyDD.WeissAP.CosgroveGR.et alCerebral metabolic correlates as potential predictors of response to anterior cingulotomy for treatment of major depression.J Neurosurg.2003991010101714705729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FoxMD.BucknerRL.WhiteMP.GreiciusMD.Pascual-LeoneA.Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation targets for depression is related to intrinsic functional connectivity with the subgenual cingulate.Biol Psychiatry.20127259560322658708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KocsisJH.GelenbergAJ.RothbaumBO.et alREVAMP Investigators. Cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy and brief supportive psychotherapy for augmentation of antidepressant nonresponse in chronic depression: the REVAMP Trial.Arch Gen Psychiatry.2009661178118819884606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PizzagalliD.Pascual-MarquiRD.NitschkeJB.et alAnterior cingulate activity as a predictor of degree of treatment response in major depression: evidence from brain electrical tomography analysis.Am J Psychiatry.200115840541511229981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BruderGE.SedorukJP.StewartJW.McGrathPJ.QuitkinFM.TenkeCE.Electroencephalographic alpha measures predict therapeutic response to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant: pre- and posttreatment findings.Biol Psychiatry.2008631171117718061147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TenkeCE.KayserJ.MannaCG.et alCurrent source density measures of electroencephalographic alpha predict antidepressant treatment response.Biol Psychiatry.20117038839421507383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RentzschJ.AdliM.WiethoffK.Gomez-Carrillo de CastroA.GallinatJ.Pretreatment anterior cingulate activity predicts antidepressant treatment response in major depressive episodes.Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.201426421322323873091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar