References
- Howard Van Till, "The Fully Gifted Creation," in Three Views on Creation and Evolution, ed. J. P. Moreland and John Mark Reynolds, 159–218 (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1999); John F. Haught, "Darwin, Design, and Divine Providence," in Debating Design: From Darwin to DNA, ed. William A. Dembski and Michael Ruse, 229–45 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004); Keith Ward, "Theistic Evolution," in Debating Design, 261–74.
- Jonathan Wells, Icons of Evolution (Washington, DC: Regnery, 2000).
- Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species, 6th ed., in The Origin of Species, and The Descent of Man (New York: Modern Library, 1936). 124, 353.
- This point was suggested to me by Ken Blanchard.
- Rhoads, Sex Differences, 172.
- Ibid., 5.
- Shulamith Firestone, The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution (New York: William Morrow, 1970).
- See Holloway, Darwinism and Political Theory, chap. 7.
- See Martin Luther, "On the Jews and Their Lies," in Luther's Works, ed. Jaroslav Pelikan and Helmut Lehmann (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1971) 47: 123–306; and Richard Steigmann-Gall, The Holy Reich: Nazi Conceptions of Christianity, 1919–1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 1–2, 33, 97, 106, 134–40, 235.
- See Jonathan Conrad, "Locke's Use of the Bible," (PhD diss., Northern Illinois University, 2004).
- Philip Hefner, Technology and Human Becoming (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2003).
- Ronald Cole-Turner, The New Genetics: Theology and the Genetic Revolution (Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1993), 98.
- See Deirdre McCloskey, Crossing: A Memoir (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999).
- This point was suggested to me by Christopher Whidden.
- Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, 1–2. q. 94, a. 2.
- Ibid., 1, q. 5, a. 6; 1–2, q. 94, a. 2.
- Thomas Aquinas, Summa Contra Gentiles, bk. 3, chap. 123.
- On using biotechnology to enhance athletic performance, see Leon Kass et al., Beyond Therapy: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness: A Report of the President's Council on Bioethics (New York: Dana Press, 2003), 115–78; and Malcolm Gladwell, "Drugstore Athlete," The New Yorker, September 10, 2001, 52–59.
- Charles Darwin, Charles Darwin's Notebooks, 1836–1844, ed. Paul Barrett et al. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987), 526–27, 536–37, 606–8.
- Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, vol. 2 (London: John Murray, 1871), 91–392.
- Ibid., chap. 122–24; Summa Theologica, suppl., q, 65, a. 1.
- See E. N. Elliott, ed., Cotton Is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments (Augusta, GA: Pritchard, Abbott and Loomis, 1860), viii-xi, 337–80, 459–521, 811–16, 841–77; and Edward Westermarck, Christianity and Morals (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1939), 282–306.
- See, for example, Ted Peters, Playing God? Genetic Determinism and Human Freedom, 2nd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2003); Elliot N. Dorff, "Jewish Religious Views on Biotechnology," in Encyclopedia of Ethical, Legal, and Policy Issues in Biotechnology, ed. Thomas H. Murray and Maxwell J. Mehlman (New York: John Wiley, 2000), 2:924–38.
- I have elaborated my response to intelligent design theory in a written lecture—"Four Arguments in the Intelligent Design Debate," a lecture at Hillsdale College, November 10, 2002.
- Firestone, Dialectic of Sex, 239.
- Here I am taking a couple of paragraphs from my article "Human Nature is Here to Stay," New Atlantis, no. 2 (Summer 2003): 65–78.
- Donald McCloskey's description of what he went through to transform himself into Deirdre McCloskey illustrates the painful complexity of such a project. See McCloskey's Crossing.
- Gladwell, "Drugstore Athlete," 52.
- John Colapinto, As Nature Made Him: The Boy Who Was Raised as a Girl (New York: HarperCollins, 2000); Colapinto, "Gender Gap," State-com, June 3, 2004.
- Larry Arnhart, Darwinian Natural Right: The Biological Ethics of Human Nature (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Arnhart, "Conservatives, Darwin, and Design," First Things, no. 107 (November 2001): 23–31; Arnhart, "Stealing Darwin," National Review, no, 53 (April 2, 2001): 46–52; Arnhart, "Thomistic Natural Law as Darwinian Natural Right in Natural Law and Modern Moral Philosophy. ed. Ellen Frankel Paul, Fred D. Miller, and Jeffrey Paul, 1–33 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001); Arnhart, "Darwinian Conservatism," Claremont Review of Books, no. 4 (Spring 2004): 60–61; Arnhart, "The Darwinian Moral Sense and Biblical Religion," in Evolution and Ethics. Human Morality in Biological and Religious Perspective, ed. Philip Clayton and Jeffrey Schloss, 204–20 (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004).
- See James Q. Wilson, The Moral Sense (New York: Free Press, 1993); and Francis Fukuyama, The Great Disruption: Human Nature and the Reconstruction of Social Order (New York: Free Press, 1999).
- See, for example, Andrew Ferguson, "The End of Nature and the Next Man," Weekly Standard, no. 4 (June 28, 1999): 31–37; Ferguson, "Evolutionary Psychology and Its True Believers," Weekly Standard, no. 6 (March 19, 2001): 31–39; Marc Guerra, "The Delusion of Darwinian Natural Law," Religion and Liberty, no. 11 (July/August 2001); Peter A. Lawler, "The Rise and Fall of Sociobiology," New Atlantis, no. 1 (Spring 2003); J. Budziszewski, "Accept No Imitations: The Rivalry of Naturalism and Natural Law," in Uncommon Dissent: Intellectuals Who Find Darwinism Unconvincing, ed. William A, Dembski, 99–114 (Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2004); and Carson Holloway, Darwinism and Political Theory (Dallas, TX: Spence, forthcoming).
- Ludwig von Mises, Socialism (Indianapolis: Liberty Classics, 1981), 87.
- Steven Goldberg, The Inevitability of Patriarchy (New York: William Morrow, 1973); George Gilder, Naked Nomads; Unmarried Men in America (New York: New York Times Book Company, 1974).
- Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson (New York: Vintage Books, 1991); Paglia, Sex, Art, and American Culture (New York: Vintage Books, 1992).
- Christina Hoff Sommers, The War against Boys (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000).
- Steven E. Rhoads, Taking Sex Differences Seriously (San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2004).
- Harvey Mansfield, "Love in the Ruins," Weekly Standard, no. 9 (August 2, 2004): 37–38.
- Russell Kirk, The Conservative Mind, 7th ed. (Washington, DC: Regnery, 1985), xv, 9.
- See Ferguson, "The End of Nature," and "Evolutionary Psychology and Its True Believers."
- For a sample of writings on "intelligent design" as an alternative to Darwinism, see Dembski, Uncommon Dissent.
- Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1096b 3–5.
- Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker (New York: Norton, 1986).
- Charles Darwin, The Autobiography of Charles Darwin, ed. Nora Barlow (New York: Norton, 1958), 94.
- Leon Kass, The Beginning of Wisdom: Reading Genesis (New York: Free Press, 2003), 98–105.
- Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Norman Kemp Smith (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1965), 464–79.
- Jonathan Edwards, "Freedom of the Will," in A Jonathan Edwards Reader, ed. John E. Smith, Harry S. Stout, and Kenneth Minkema, 192–222 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).