Impaired fasting glucose and metabolic syndrome in an indigenous siberian population

References

• WHO (World Health Organization). Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Program). Expert panel on the detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults: executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel 111). JAMA 2001; 285 (19): 2486–2497.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement. Circulation 2005; 112 (17): 2735–2752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome - a new worldwide definition: a consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 2006; 23 (5): 469–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988: role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37 (12): 1595–1607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrannini E, Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Stern MP. Hyperinsulinaemia: the key feature of a cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia 1991;34 (6): 416–422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dandona P, Aljada A, Chaudhuri A, Mohanty P, Garg R. Metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive perspective based on interactions between obesity, diabetes and inflammation. Circulation 2005; 111 (11): 1448–1454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gami AS, Witt BJ, Howard DE, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49 (4): 403–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron AJ, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome: prevalence in worldwide populations. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2004;33 (2): 351–375.
   Google Scholar
• Ford ES, Giles WH, Mokdad AH. Increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults. Diabetes Care 2004;27(10):2444–2449.
   Google Scholar
• Lee ET, Howard BY, Savage PJ, et al. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in three American Indian populations aged 45–74 years: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care 1995; 18 (5): 599–610.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan WH, Yeh WT, Weng LC. Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in Asia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2008;17 (Supp I):37–42.
   Google Scholar
• Feng Y, Hong X, Li Z, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its relation to body composition in a Chinese rural population. Obesity 2006;14(11):2089–2098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saad MF, Lillioja S, Nyomba BL, et al. Racial differences in the relation between blood pressure and insulin resistance. N Engl J Med 1991324(11):733–739.
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen ME, Borch-Johnsen K. The metabolic syndrome - is one global definition possible? Diabet Med 2004; 21 (10): 1064–1065.
   Google Scholar
• Liu J, Hanley AJ, Young TK, Harris SB, Zinman B. Characteristics and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among three ethnic groups in Canada. Int J Obes 2006; 30 (4): 669–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyer BB, Mohatt GV, Plaetke R, et al. Metabolic syndrome in Yup’ik Eskimos: the Center for Alaska Native Health Research (CANHR) study. Obesity 2007; 15(11):2535–2540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schraer CD, Ebbesson SO, Adler A, et al. Glucose tolerance and insulin-resistance syndrome among St. Lawrence Island Eskimos. Int J Circumpolar Health 1998;57(Suppl l):348–354.
   Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Young TK, Dewailly E, Ebbesson SOE. Indigenous health in the Arctic: an overview of the circumpolar Inuit population. Scand J Public Health 2004; 32 (5): 390–395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlov Al, Vershubsky G, Kozlova M. Indigenous peoples of northern Russia: anthropology and health. Circumpolar Health Supplements 2007; 1: 1–183.
   Google Scholar
• Snodgrass JJ, Sorensen MV, Tarskaia LA, Leonard WR. Adaptive dimensions of health research among Indigenous Siberians. Am J Hum Biol 2007; 19 (2): 165–180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snodgrass JJ, Leonard WR, Sorensen MV, Tarskaia LA, Mosher MJ, Galloway VA. The influence of basal metabolic rate on blood pressure among Indigenous Siberians. Am J Phys Anthropol 2008; 137 (2): 145–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsyth J. A history of the peoples of Siberia: Russia’s Asian colony, 1581–1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press ;1992.455 p.
   Google Scholar
• Jordan BB, Jordan-Bychkov TG. Siberian village: land and life in the Sakha Republic. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; 2001.140 p.
   Google Scholar
• Pakendorf B, Wiebe V, Tarskaia LA, et al. Mitochondrial DNA evidence for admixed origins of central Siberian populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 2003; 120 (3): 211–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zlojutro M, Tarskaia LA, Sorensen MV, Snodgrass JJ, Leonard WR, Crawford MH. The origins of the Yakut people: evidence from mitochondrial DNA diversity. Int J Hum Genet 2008; 8 (1–2): 119–130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. Seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42 (6): 1206–1252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, et al. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003;26(11):3160–3167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R, editors. Anthro-pometric standardization reference manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics Books; 1988.184 p.
   Google Scholar
• Durnin JVGA, Womersely JA. Body fat measured from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thicknesses: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Clin Nutr 1974; 32 (1): 77–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snodgrass JJ. 2004. Energetics, health, and economic modernization in the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia: a biocultural perspective on lifestyle change in a circumpolar population [Dissertation]. Evanston (IL, U.S.): North-western University; 2004.523 p.
   Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organization). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000.265 p.
   Google Scholar
• Bojko ER. Fiziologo-biokhimicheskije osnovy zhiznede-jatelnosti cheloveka na severe [Physiological-Biochemical Basis of Human Vital Activity in the North In Russian]. Ekaterinburg: Uro RAN; 2005.190 p.
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen ME, Young TK. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity. In: Young TK, Bjerregaard P, editors. Health transitions in Arctic populations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press; 2008. p.291–307.
   Google Scholar
• Schumacher C, Ferucci ED, Lanier AP, et al. Metabolic syndrome: prevalence among American Indian and Alaska Native people living in the southwestern United States and in Alaska. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2008; 6 (4): 267–273.
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen ME, Bjerregaard P, Gyntelberg F, Borch-Johnsen K. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among the Inuit of Greenland: a comparison between two proposed definitions. Diabet Med 2004;21 (11): 1237–1242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. 2005. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet 2005; 365 (9468): 1415–1428.
   Google Scholar
• Young TK, Schraer CD, Shubnikoff EV, Szathmary EJE, Nikitin YP. Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in circumpolar Indigenous populations. Int J Epidemiol 1992; 21 (4): 730–736.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Pedersen HS, Mulvad G. The associations of a marine diet with plasma lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure and obesity among the Inuit of Greenland. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000; 54 (9): 732–737.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlov Al, Vershubsky G, Kozlova M. Stress under modernization in Indigenous populations of Siberia. Int J Circumpolar Health 2003; 62 (2): 158–166.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jorgensen ME, Bjerregaard P, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance among the Inuit population of Greenland. Diabetes Care 2002; 25 (10): 1766–1771.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rode A, Shephard RJ. Modernization of lifestyle, body fat content and body fat distribution: a comparison of Igloolik Inuit and Volochanka nGanasan. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995; 19 (10): 709–716.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snodgrass JJ, Leonard WR, Sorensen MV, Tarskaia LA, Alekseev VP, Krivoshapkin VG. The emergence of obesity among Indigenous Siberians. J Physiol Anthropol 2006; 25 (1): 75–84.
   Google Scholar
• Young TK, Nikitin YP, Shubnikov EV, Astakhova TI, Moffatt MEK, O’Neil JD. Plasma lipids in two Indigenous arctic populations with low risk for cardiovascular diseases. Am J Hum Biol 1995; 7 (2): 223–236.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard WR, Snodgrass JJ, Sorensen MV. Metabolic adaptation in Indigenous Siberian populations. Annu Rev Anthropol 2005; 34: 451–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Pesini E, Mishmar D, Brandon M, Procaccio V, Wallace DC. Effects of purifying and adaptive selection on regional variation in human mtDNA. Science 2004; 303 (5655): 223–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snodgrass JJ, Leonard WR, Tarskaia LA, Schoeller DA. Total energy expenditure in the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia as measured by the doubly labeled water method. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84 (4): 798–806.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgensen ME, Bjerregaard P, Kjaergaard JJ, Borch-Johnsen K. High prevalence of markers of coronary heart disease among Greenland Inuit. Atherosclerosis 2008; 196 (2): 772–778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar