Association between individual-level and community-level socio-economic status and blood pressure among Inuit in Greenland

References

• Daniel M, Lekkas P, Cargo M. Environments and cardiometabolic diseases in aboriginal populations. Heart Lung Circ. 2010; 19: 306–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd C, Li J, Zubrick S. Social gradients in the health of Indigenous Australians. Am J Public Health. 2012; 102: 107–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler MJ, Lalonde CE. Cultural continuity as a protective factor against suicide in First Nations youth. Horizons. 2008; 10: 68–72.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond CAM, Ross NA. The determinants of First Nation and Inuit health: a critical population health approach. Health Place. 2009; 15: 403–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingsley J, Townsend M, Phillips R, Aldous D. “If the land is healthy … it makes the people healthy”: the relationship between caring for Country and health for the Yorta Yorta Nation, Boonwurrung and Bangerang Tribes. Health Place. 2009; 15: 291–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond CAM. The social determinants of Inuit health: a focus on social support in the Canadian Arctic. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2009; 68: 471–87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond CAM, Ross NA, Egeland GM. Social support and thriving health: a new approach to understanding the health of indigenous Canadians. Am J Public Health. 2007; 97: 1827–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Dahl-Petersen I. How well does social variation mirror secular change in prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a country in transition?. Am J Hum Biol. 2011; 23: 774–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zienczuk N, Egeland G. Association between socioeconomic status and overweight and obesity among Inuit adults: International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey, 2007–2008. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2012; 71: 18419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anand SS, Yusuf S, Jacobs R, Davis AD, Yi Q, Gerstein H, etal. Risk factors, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease among Aboriginal people in Canada: the Study of Health Assessment and Risk Evaluation in Aboriginal Peoples (SHARE-AP). Lancet. 2001; 358: 1147–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown A, Carrington MJ, McGrady M, Lee G, Zeitz C, Krumd H, etal. Cardiometabolic risk and disease in Indigenous Australians: the heart of the heart study. Int J Cardiol. 2014; 171: 377–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham J, O'Dea K, Dunbar T, Weeramanthri T, Shawe J, Zimmet P. Socioeconomic status and diabetes among urban Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 years in the DRUID study. Ethn Health. 2008; 13: 22–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond CAM, Ross NA, Bernier J. White J, Beavon D, Wingert S, Maxim P. Exploring indigenous concepts of health: the dimensions of Métis and Inuit health. Aboriginal policy research: directions and outcomes volume 4. 2007; Toronto: Thompson Educational Publishing. 3–13.
   Google Scholar
• Daniel M, Lekkas P, Cargo M, Stankov I, Brown A. Environmental risk conditions and pathways to cardiometabolic diseases in indigenous populations. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011; 32: 1–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaix B. Geographic life environments and coronary heart disease: a literature review, theoretical contributions, methodological updates, and a research agenda. Annu Rev Public Health. 2009; 30: 81–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riva M, Gauvin L, Barnett TA. Toward the next generation of research into small area effects on health: a synthesis of multilevel investigations published since July 1998. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61: 853–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papas MA, Alberg AJ, Ewing R, Helzlsouer KJ, Gary TL, Klassen AC. The built environment and obesity. Epidemiol Rev. 2007; 29: 129–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saelens BE, Handy SL. Built environment correlates of walking: a review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008; 40: S550–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wendel-Vos W, Droomers M, Kremers S, Brug J, van Lenthe F. Potential environmental determinants of physical activity in adults: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2007; 8: 425–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larson N, Story M, Nelson M. Neighborhood environments: disparities in access to healthy foods in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2009; 36: 74–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leal C, Chaix B. The influence of geographic life environments on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review, a methodological assessment and a research agenda. Obes Rev. 2011; 12: 217–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martens P, Martin B, O'Neil J, MacKinnon M. Diabetes and adverse outcomes in a First Nations population: associations with healthcare access, and socioeconomic and geographical factors. Can J Diabetes. 2007; 31: 223–32.
   Google Scholar
• Chan WC, Wright C, Riddell T, Wells S, Kerr AJ, Gala G, etal. Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in New Zealand. N Z Med J. 2008; 121: 11–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joshy G, Porter T, Le Lievre C, Lane J, Williams M, Lawrenson R. Prevalence of diabetes in New Zealand general practice: the influence of ethnicity and social deprivation. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009; 63: 386–90.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen ME, Borch-Johnsen K, Witte DR, Bjerregaard P. Diabetes in Greenland and its relationship with urbanization. Diabet Med. 2012; 29: 755–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randall DA, Jorm LR, Lujic S, Eades SJ, Churches TR, O'Loughlin AJ, etal. Exploring disparities in acute myocardial infarction events between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians: roles of age, gender, geography and area-level disadvantage. Health Place. 2014; 28: 58–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loppie C, Wien F. Health inequalities and social determinants of Aboriginal peoples’ health. 2009; Prince George, BC: National Collaborating Center for Aboriginal Health.
   Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Young TK, Dewailly E, Ebbesson SOE. Indigenous health in the Arctic: an overview of the circumpolar Inuit population. Scand J Public Health. 2004; 32: 390–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chateau-Degat M-L, Dewailly E, Louchini R, Counil E, Noël M, Ferland A, etal. Cardiovascular burden and related risk factors among Nunavik (Quebec) Inuit: insights from baseline findings in the circumpolar Inuit health in transition cohort study. Can J Cardiol. 2010; 26: e190–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jernigan V, Duran B, David Ahn D, Winkleby M. Changing patterns in health behaviors and risk factors related to cardiovascular disease among American Indians and Alaska Natives. Am J Public Health. 2010; 100: 677–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Stensgaard T. Young TK, Bjerregaard P. Greenland. Health transitions in Arctic populations. 2008; Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 23–38.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Greenland. Greenland in figures. Statistics Greenland. 2013. 2013. [cited 2016 Oct 19]. Available from: http://www.nordregio.se/en/Publications/Publications-2011/Megatrends/.
   Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P. Inuit health in transition – Greenland survey 2005–2009. Population sample and survey methods. 2011; SIF Writings on Greenland: Copenhagen. [cited 2016 Oct 19]. Available from: http://www.si-folkesundhed.dk/upload/inuit_health_in_transition_greenland_methods_5_2nd_revision_002.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Curtis T, Greenland Population Study . Cultural change and mental health in Greenland: the association of childhood conditions, language, and urbanization with mental health and suicidal thoughts among the Inuit of Greenland. Soc Sci Med. 2002; 54: 33–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schisterman E, Cole S, Platt R. Overadjustment bias and unnecessary adjustment in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology. 2009; 20: 488–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diez Roux AV. A glossary for multilevel analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002; 56: 588–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StataCorp. Stata/SE 11.0 for Windows. 2010; TX: College Station.
   Google Scholar
• Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, etal. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012; 125: e2–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaix B, Bean K, Leal C, Thomas F, Havard S, Evans D, etal. Individual/neighborhood social factors and blood pressure in the RECORD Cohort Study: which risk factors explain the associations?. Hypertension. 2010; 55: 769–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar