Diversity and antifungal susceptibility of Norwegian Candida glabrata clinical isolates

References

• Sandven P. Serious yeast infections – Epidemiological and microbiological diagnosis. 2002; University of Oslo. PhD Thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Enoch DA, Ludlam HA, Brown NM. Invasive fungal infections: a review of epidemiology and management options. J Med Microbiol. 2006; 55: 809–18.
   Google Scholar
• Miceli MH, Diaz JA, Lee SA. Emerging opportunistic yeast infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011; 11: 142–51.
   Google Scholar
• Wey SB, Mori M, Pfaller MA, Woolson RF, Wenzel RP. Hospital-acquired candidemia: the attributable mortality and excess length of stay. Arch Intern Med. 1988; 148: 2642–5.
   Google Scholar
• Falagas ME, Apostolou KE, Pappas VD. Attributable mortality of candidemia: a systematic review of matched cohort and case-control studies. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006; 25: 419–25.
   Google Scholar
• Falagas ME, Roussos N, Vardakas KZ. Relative frequency of albicans and non-albicans Candida spp. among candidemia isolates from inpatients in various parts of the world: a systematic review. Int J Infect Dis. 2010; 14: 954–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Gibbs DL, Newell VA, Barton R, Bijie H, etal. Geographic variation in the frequency of isolation and fluconazole and voriconazole susceptibilities of Candida glabrata: an assessment from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Program. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010; 67: 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.01.002 [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Arendrup MC, Bruun B, Christensen JJ, Fuursted K, Johansen HK, Kjældgaard P, etal. National surveillance of fungemia in Denmark (2004–2009). J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 49: 325–34.
   Google Scholar
• Sandven P, Bevanger L, Digranes A, Haukland HH, Mannsåker T, Gaustad P, etal. Candidemia in Norway (1991 to 2003): results from a nationwide study. J Clin Microbiol. 2006; 44: 1977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00029-06 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Hesstvedt L, Gaustad P, Andersen CT, Haarr E, Hannula R, Haukland HH, etal. Twenty-two years of candidaemia surveillance: results from a Norwegian national study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015; 21: 938–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.06.008 [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Castanheira M, Lockhart SR, Ahlquist AM, Messer SA, Jones RN. Frequency of decreased susceptibility and resistance to echinocandins among fluconazole-resistant bloodstream isolates of Candida glabrata: results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2006–2010) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Population-Based Surveillance (2008–2010). J Clin Microbiol. 2012; 50: 1199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.06112-11 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2011. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. [PubMed CentralFull Text] Tromsø/Oslo 2012. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890-9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• Arendrup MC, Perlin DS. Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem?. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2014; 27: 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000111 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Montagna MT, Lovero G, Coretti C, Martinelli D, De Giglio O, Iatta R, etal. Susceptibility to echinocandins of Candida spp. strains isolated in Italy assessed by European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. BMC Microbiol. 2015; 15: 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-015-0442-4 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• CLSI. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard – third edition. 2008; Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. CLSI document M27-A3. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard – third edition. CLSI document M27-A3.
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Arendrup MC, Barchiesi F, Bille J, Chryssanthou E, Cuenca-Estrella M, etal. EUCAST Definitive Document EDef 7.1: method for the determination of broth dilution MICs of antifungal agents for fermentative yeasts. Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (AFST) of the ESCMID European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008; 14: 398–405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Castanheira M, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Moet GJ, Jones RN. Comparison of European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST) and Etest methods with the CLSI broth microdilution method for echinocandin susceptibility testing of Candida species. J Clin Microbiol. 2010; 48: 1592–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02445-09 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Freydière A-M, Parant F, Noel-Baron F, Crepy M, Treny A, Raberin H, etal. Identification of Candida glabrata by a 30-second trehalase test. J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40: 3602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.10.3602-3605.2002.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng JWS, Tang YE, Jureen R, Lin RTP, Teo JWP. Modified protocol for yeast identification using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Am J Microbiol Res. 2013; 1: 71–3.
   Google Scholar
• Bernhard M, Weig M, Zautner AE, Groß U, Badera O. Yeast On-Target Lysis (YOTL), a procedure for making auxiliary mass spectrum data sets for clinical routine identification of yeasts. J Clin Microbiol. 2014; 52: 4163–7.
   Google Scholar
• Reich M, Bosshard PP, Stark M, Beyser K, Borgmann S. Species identification of bacteria and fungi from solid and liquid culture media by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. J Bacteriol Parasitol. 2013; S5: 002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9597.S5-002.
   Google Scholar
• Dixon P, Davies P, Hollingworth W, Stoddart M, MacGowan A. A systematic review of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry compared to routine microbiological methods for the time taken to identify microbial organisms from positive blood cultures. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015; 34: 863–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2322-0 [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2012. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. Tromsø/Oslo 2013. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890–9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2008 . Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. Tromsø/Oslo 2009. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890–9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2009. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. Tromsø/Oslo 2010. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890–9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2010. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. Tromsø/Oslo 2011. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890–9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• NORM/NORM-VET 2013. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. Tromsø/Oslo 2014. ISSN: 1502-2307 (print)/1890–9965 (electronic).
   Google Scholar
• Lockhart SR, Iqbal N, Cleveland AA, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Bolden CB, etal. Species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida bloodstream isolates from population-based surveillance studies in two U.S. cities from 2008 to 2011. J Clin Microbiol. 2012; 50: 3435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01283-12 [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Cuenca-Estrella M, Rodriguez D, Almirante B, Morgan J, Planes AM, Almela M, etal. In vitro susceptibilities of bloodstream isolates of Candida species to six antifungal agents: results from a population-based active surveillance programme, Barcelona, Spain, 2002–2003. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005; 55: 194–9.
   Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Jones RN, Castanheira M. Antifungal susceptibilities of Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus from the Asia and Western Pacific region: data from the SENTRY antifungal surveillance program (2010–2012). J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2015; 68: 556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ja.2015.29 [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Barchiesi F, Arzeni D, Caselli F, Scalise G. Primary resistance to flucytosine among clinical isolates of Candida spp. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000; 45: 408–9.
   Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Huynh H, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. In vitro activities of 5-fluorocytosine against 8,803 clinical isolates of Candida spp.: global assessment of primary resistance using National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards susceptibility testing methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002; 46: 3518–21.
   Google Scholar
• Nordøy I, Gaustad P. [Drug resistance in the treatment of invasive fungal infections]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2008; 20: 2607–11. [In Norwegian].
   Google Scholar