113
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Large-scale waves interacting with deep convection in idealized mesoscale model simulations

&
Pages 45-60 | Received 02 Jan 2002, Accepted 03 Jun 2002, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

References

  • Aralcawa, A. and Schubert, W. H., 1974. Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment., J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 674–701.
  • Betts, A. K. 1986. A new convective adjustment scheme. Part I: Observational and theoretical basis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 112, 677–691.
  • Betts, A. K. and Miller, M. J. 1986. A new convective adjustment scheme. Part H: Single column tests using Gate wave, BOMEX, ATEX and arctic air-mass data sets. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 112, 693–709.
  • Blackadar, A. K. 1976. Modeling the nocturnal boundary layer. Preprints, Third Symposium on Atmospheric Turbu-lence, Diffusion, and Air Quality, Raleigh, Am. Meteorol. Soc. 46-49.
  • Blackadar, A. K. 1978. Modeling pollutant transfer during daytime convection. Preprints, Fourth Symposium on Atmospheric Turbulence, Diffusion, and Air Quality, Reno, Am. Meteorol. Soc. 443-447.
  • Cohen, C. and Frank, W. M. 1987. Simulation of tropical convective systems. Part H: Simulations of moving cloud lines. J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 3800–3820.
  • Dudhia, J. 1989. Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale, two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 3077–3107.
  • Emanuel, K. A. 1987. An air-sea interaction model of intraseasonal variations in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 2324–2340.
  • Emanuel, K. A., Neelin, J. D. and Bretherton, C. S. 1994. On large-scale circulations in convecting atmospheres. Q. J. R. MeteorooL Soc. 120, 1111–1143.
  • Frank, W. M. 1993. A hybrid parameterization with multiple closures. The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models (eds. K. A. Emanuel and D. J. Raymond). American Meteorological Society, Boston, 246 pp.
  • Frank, W. M. and Cohen, C. 1987. Simulation of tropical convective systems. Part I: A cumulus parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 3787–3799.
  • Fritsch, J. M. and Chappell, C. F. 1980. Numerical prediction of convectively driven mesoscale pressure systems. Part I: Convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 1722–1733.
  • Fritsch, J. M. and Kain, J. S. 1993. Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: the Fritsch-Chappell scheme. The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models (eds. K. A. Emanuel and D. J. Raymond). American Meteorological Society, Boston, 246 pp.
  • Fuchs, Z. and Raymond, D. J. 2002. On the large-scale modes of a moist, nonrotating atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 59, 1669–1679.
  • Grell, G., Dudhia, J. and Stauffer, D. R. 1994. A description of the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model (MM5). NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-398±STR, 138 pp.
  • Heymsfield, A. J. and Donner, L. J., 1990. A scheme for parameterizing ice-cloud water content in general circulation models. J. Atmos. Sci. 47, 1865–1877.
  • Kain, J. S. and Fritsch, J. M. 1990. A one-dimensional en-training/detraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci. 47, 2784–2802.
  • Kain, J. S. and Fritsch, J. M. 1993. Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: the Kain-Fritsch scheme. The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models (eds. K. A. Emanuel and D. J. Raymond). American Meteorological Society, Boston, 246 pp.
  • Kain, J. S. and Fritsch, J. M. 1998. Multiscale convective overturning in mesoscale convective systems: reconciling observations, simulations, and theory. J. Fluid. Mech. 126, 2254–2273.
  • Klemp, J. B. and Durran, D. R. 1983. An upper boundary condition permitting internal gravity wave radiation in numerical mesoscale models. Mon. Wea. Rev. 111, 430–444.
  • Lee, M.-I., Kang, I.-S., Kim, J.-K. and Mapes, B. E. 2001. In-fluence of cloud-radiation interaction on simulating tropical intraseasonal oscillation with an atmospheric general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 14219–14233.
  • Molinari, J. 1993. An overview of cumulus parameterization in mesoscale models. The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models (eds. K. A. Emanuel and D. J. Raymond). American Meteorological Society, Boston, 246 pp.
  • Molinari, J. and Dudek, M. 1992. Parameterization of convective precipitation in mesoscale numerical models: a critical review., Mon. Wea. Rev. 104, 326–344.
  • Neelin, J. D. 1997. Implications of convective quasi-equilibrium for the large-scale flow. The physics and parameterization of moist atmospheric convection (ed R. K. Smith). Kluwer, Dardrecht, 413–446.
  • Neelin, J. D. and Held, I. M. 1987. Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget. Mon. Wea. Rev. 115, 3–12.
  • Neelin, J. D., Held, I. M. and Cook, K. H. 1987. Evaporation—wind feedback and low frequency variability in the tropical atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 2341–2348.
  • Neelin, J. D. and Yu, J.-Y., 1994. Modes of tropical variability under convective adjustment and the Madden-Julian oscillation. Part I: Analytical theory. J. Atmos. Sci. 51, 1876–1894.
  • Neelin, J. D. and Zeng, N. 2000. The first quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model-formulation. J. Atmos. Sci. 57, 1741–1766.
  • Raymond, D. J. 2000. The Hadley circulation as a radiative—convective instability. J. Atmos. Sci. 57, 1286–1297.
  • Sobel, A. H., Nilsson, J. and Polvani, L. M. 2001. The weak temperature gradient approximation and balanced tropical moisture waves. J. Atmos. Sci. 58, 3650–3665.
  • Su, H., Bretherton, C. S. and Chen, S. S. 2000. ‘Self-aggregation’ and ‘large-scale control’ of tropical deep con-vection: a modeling study. J. Atmos. Sci. 57, 1797–1816.
  • Tompkins, A. M. 2001. Organization of tropical convection in low vertical wind shears: the role of water vapor. J. Atmos. Sci. 58, 529–545.
  • Wheeler, M. and Kiladis, G. N. 1999. Convectively coupled equatorial waves: analysis of clouds and temperature in the wavenumber—frequency domain. J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 374–399.
  • Yu, J.-Y., Chou, C. and Neelin, J. D. 1998. Estimating the gross moist stability of the tropical atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 55, 1354–1372.
  • Zeng, N., Neelin, J. D. and Chou, C. 2000. Quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model—implementation and simula-tion. J. Atmos. Sci. 57, 1767–1796.
  • Zhang, D. and Anthes, R. A. 1982. High-resolution model of the planetary boundary layer: sensitivity tests and comparisons with SESAME-79 data. J. Appl. Meteorol 21, 1594–1609.