60
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Ensembles of global ocean analyses for seasonal climate prediction: impact of temperature assimilation

, , , &
Pages 375-386 | Received 08 Apr 2004, Accepted 18 Nov 2004, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

References

  • Alves, O., Alonso Balmaseda, M., Anderson, D. L. T. and Stockdale, T. N. 2004. Sensitivity of dynamical seasonal forecasts to ocean initial conditions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 130, 647–667.
  • Anderson, D. L. T., Stockdale, T. N., Balmaseda, M., Ferranti, L., Vitart, F. and co-authors. 2003. Comparison of the ECMWF seasonal forecast Systems 1 and 2, including the relative performance for the 1997/8 El Nino, ECMWF Technical Memo 404, Reading, UK.
  • Balmaseda, M. A. 2004. Ocean data assimilation for seasonal forecasts. In: Proceedings of the ECMWF Seminar on ‘Recent developments in data assimilation for atmosphere and ocean’, 8–12 September 2003, ECMWF Proceedings series, Reading, UK,301-325.
  • Behringer, D., Ji, M. and Leetma, A. 1998. An improved coupled model for ENSO prediction and implications for ocean initialization. Part I: the ocean data assimilation system. Mon. Wea. Rev. 126, 1013–1021.
  • Bloom, S. C., Talcacs, L. L., Da Silva, A .M. and Levina, D. 1996. Data assimilation using incremental analysis updates. Mon. Wea. Rev. 124, 1256–1271.
  • Ji, M. and Leetma, A. 1997. Impact of data assimilation on ocean initialization and El Niño prediction. Mon. Wea. Rev. 125, 742–753.
  • Levitus, S., Burgett, R. and Boyer, T. P. 1994. World Ocean Atlas. Vol. 3: Salinity. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, U.S. Department of Commerce 99 pp.
  • Madec, G., Delecluse, P., Imbard, M. and Lévy, C. 1998. OPA8.1 Ocean General Circulation Model reference manual. Notes du Pole de modelisation, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), France, 11,91 pp.
  • Palmer, T. N., Alessandri, A., Andersen, U., Cantelaube, R, Davey, M. and co-authors. 2004. Development of a European multi-model ensemble system for seasonal to interannual prediction (DEMETER). Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 85, 85–872.
  • Ricci, S., Weaver, A. T., Vialard, J. and Rogel, P. 2005. Incorporating state-dependent temperature-salinity constraints in the background-error covariance of variational ocean data assimilation. Mon. Wea. Rev. 133, 317–338.
  • Rosati, A., Miyakoda, K. and Gudgel, R. 1997. The impact of ocean initial conditions on ENSO forecasting with a coupled model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 125, 754–772.
  • Roullet, G. and Madec, G. 2000. Salt conservation, free surface, and varying levels: a new formulation for ocean general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 23 297–23 942.
  • Segschneider, J., Anderson, D. L. T., Vialard, J., Balmaseda, M. A., Stockdale, T. N., Troccoli, A. and Haines, K. 2002. Initialization of seasonal forecasts assimilating sea level and temperature observations. J. Climate 14,4292–4307.
  • Vialard, J., Weaver, A. T., Anderson, D. L. T. and Delecluse, P. 2003. Three-and four-dimensional variational assimilation with an ocean general circulation model of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Part 2: physical validation. Mon. Wea. Rev. 131, 1379–1395.
  • Vialard, J., Vitart, F., Balmaseda, M. A., Stockdale, T. N. and Anderson, D. L. T. 2005. An ensemble generation method for seasonal forecasting with an ocean-atmosphere coupled model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 133, 441–453.
  • Weaver, A. T., Vialard, J. and Anderson, D. L. T. 2003. Three-and four-dimensional variational assimilation with a general circulation model of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Part I: formulation, internal diagnostics and consistency checks. Mon. Wea. Rev. 131, 1360–1378.
  • Xie, P. and Arkin, P. A. 1996. Analyses of global monthly precipitation using gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model predictions. J. Climate 9, 840–858.