Short-wave radiative forcing at the surface for cloudy systems at a midlatitude site

References

• Alados I , Foyo-Moreno I , Alados-Arboledas L . Photosynthetically active radiation: measurements and modelling. Agr. Forest Meteorol. 1996; 78: 121–131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alados I , Olmo F. J , Foyo-Moreno I , Alados-Arboledas L . Estimation of photosynthetically active radiation under cloudy conditions. Agr. Forest Meteorol. 2000; 102: 39–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alados-Arboledas L , Alados I , Foyo-Moreno I , Olmo F. J , Alcántara A . The influence of clouds on surface UV erythemal irradiance. Atmos. Res. 2003; 66: 273–290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alados-Arboledas L , Vida J , Olmo F. J . The estimation of thermal radiation under cloudy conditions. Int. J. Climatol. 1995; 15: 107–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan R. P . Combining satellite data and models to estimate cloud radiative effect at the surface and in the atmosphere. Meterol. Appl. 2011; 18: 324–333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews T , Forster P. M , Boucher O , Bellouin N , Jones A . Precipitation, radiative forcing and global temperature change. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010; 37: 14701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antón M , Gil J. E , Cazorla A , Fernández-Gálvez J , Foyo-Moreno I , co-authors. Short-term variability of experimental ultraviolet and total solar irradiance in Southeastern Spain. Atmos. Environ. 2011; 45: 4815–4821.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antón M , Piedehierro A. A , Alados-Arboledas L , Wolfran E , Olmo F. J . Extreme ultraviolet index due to broken clouds at a midlatitude site, Granada (southeastern Spain). Atmos. Res. 2012; 118: 10–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg L. K , Kassianov E. I , Long C. N , Mills D. L. Jr . Surface summertime radiative forcing by shallow cumuli at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains site. J. Geophys. Res. 2011; 116: 01202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilbao J , Mateos D , de Miguel A . Analysis and cloudiness influence on UV total irradiation. Int. J. Climatol. 2011; 31(3): 451–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cazorla A , Olmo F. J , Alados-Arboledas L . Development of a sky imager for cloud cover assessment. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. Opt. Image Sci. Vis. 2008a; 25: 29–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cazorla A , Olmo F. J , Alados-Arboledas L . Using a sky imager for aerosol characterization. Atmos. Environ. 2008b; 42: 2739–2745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cazorla A , Shields J. E , Karr M. E , Olmo F. J , Burden A , co-authors . Technical note: determination of aerosol optical properties by a calibrated sky imager. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009; 9: 6417–6427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cede A , Blumthaler M , Luccini E , Piacentini R , Nuñez L . Effects of clouds on erythemal and total irradiance as derived from data of the Argentine network. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2002; 29(24): 2223. DOI: 10.1029/2002GL015708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corti T , Peter T . A simple model for cloud radiative forcing. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009; 9: 5751–5758.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Miguel A , Román R , Bilbao J , Mateos D . Evolution of erythemal and total shortwave solar radiation in Valladolid, Spain: effects of atmospheric factors. J. Atmos. Sol-Terr. Phys. 2011; 73: 578–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denman K. L , Brasseur G , Chidthaisong A , Ciais P , Cox P. M , co-authors , Solomon S , Qin D , Manning M , Chen Z , Marquis M , co-authors . Couplings between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2007; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Di Biagio C , di Sarra A , Eriksen P , Ascanius S. E , Muscari G , co-authors . Effect of surface albedo, water vapour, and atmospheric aerosols on the cloud-free shortwave radiative budget in the Arctic. Clim. Dyn. 2012; 39: 953–969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong X , Xi B , Minnis P . A Climatology of Midlatitude Continental Clouds from the ARM SGP Central Facility. Part II: cloud fraction and surface radiative forcing. J. Clim. 2006; 19: 1765–1782.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubovik O , King M. D . A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 2000; 105: 20673–20696.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebell K , Crewell S , Löhnert U , Turner D. D , O'Connor E. J . Cloud statistics and cloud radiative effect for a low-mountain site. Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 2011; 137: 306–324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eck T. F , Holben B. N , Reid J. S , Dubovik O , Smirnov A , co-authors . Wavelength dependence of the optical depth of biomass burning, urban, and desert dust aerosol. J. Geophys. Res. 1999; 104: 31333–31349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlick C , Frederick J. E , Saxena V. K , Wenny B. N . Atmospheric transmission in the ultraviolet and visible: aerosols in cloudy atmospheres. J. Geophys. Res. 1998; 103(D24) : 31541–31556.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlick C , Ramaswamy V . Note on the definition of clear sky in calculations of shortwave cloud forcing. J. Geophys. Res. 2003; 108(D5): 4156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteve A. R , Marin M. J , Tena F , Utrillas M. P , Martínez-Lozano J. A . Influence of cloudiness over the values of erythemal radiation in Valencia, Spain. Int. J. Climatol. 2010; 30: 127–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foyo-Moreno I , Alados I , Olmo F. J , Alados-Arboledas L . The influence of cloudiness on UV global irradiance (295–385 nm). Agr. Forest Meteorol. 2003; 120(1): 101–111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gautier C , Landsfeld M . Surface solar radiation flux and cloud radiative forcing for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP): a satellite, surface observations, and radiative transfer model study. J. Atmos. Sci. 1997; 54(10): 1289–1307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanschmann T , Roebeling R , Macke A . Evaluation of the shortwave cloud radiative effect over the ocean by use of ship and satellite observations. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012; 12: 12243–12253.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben B. N , Eck T. F , Slutsker I , Tanré D , Buis J. P , co-authors . AERONET – a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization. Rem. Sens. Environ. 1998; 66: 1–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intrieri J. M , Fairall C. W , Shupe M. D , Persson P. O. G , Andreas E. L , co-authors . An annual cycle of Arctic surface cloud forcing at SHEBA. J. Geophys. Res. 2002; 107(C10): 8039.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim D , Ramanathan V . Solar radiation budget and radiative forcing due to aerosols and clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 2008; 113: 02203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kratzenberg M. G , Beyer H. G , Colle S , Albertazzi A . Uncertainty calculations in pyranometer measurements and application, ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference (ISEC2006), July 2006, Denver, Colorado, USA, paper number ISEC2006-99168. 2006; 689–698. Online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ISEC2006-99168 .
   Google Scholar
• Lyamani H , Olmo F. J , Alcántara A , Alados-Arboledas L . Atmospheric aerosols during the 2003 heat wave in southeastern Spain II: microphysical columnar properties and radiative forcing. Atmos. Environ. 2006; 40: 6465–6476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mace G. G , Benson S , Kato S . Cloud radiative forcing at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility: 2. Vertical redistribution of radiant energy by clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 2006; 111: 11S91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateos D , de Miguel A , Bilbao J . Empirical models of UV total radiation and cloud effect study. Int. J. Climatol. 2010; 30: 1407–1415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateos D , di Sarra A , Meloni D , Di Biagio C , Sferlazzo D. M . Experimental determination of cloud influence on the spectral UV radiation and implications for biological effects. J. Atmos. Sol-Terr. Phys. 2011; 73: 1739–1746.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer B , Kylling A . Technical note: The libRadtran software package for radiative transfer calculations – description and examples of use. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2005; 5: 1855–1877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meloni D , di Sarra A , Di Iorio T , Fiocco G . Influence of the vertical profile of Saharan dust on the visible direct radiative forcing. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 2005; 93: 397–413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olmo F. J , Cazorla A , Alados-Arboledas L , López-Álvarez M. A , Hernández-Andrés J , co-authors . Retrieval of the optical depth suing an all-sky CCD camera. Appl. Optics. 2008; 47(34): H182–H189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfister G , Mckenzie R. L , Liley J. B , Thomas A . Cloud coverage based on all-sky imaging and its impact on surface solar irradiance. J. Appl. Meteorol. 2003; 42: 1421–1434.
   Google Scholar
• Ramanathan V , Cess R. D , Harrison E. F , Minnis P , Barkstrom B. R , co-authors . Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: results from the earth radiation budget experiment. Science. 1989; 243(4887): 57–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricchiazzi P , Yang S , Gautier C , Sowle D . SBDART: a research and teaching software tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the Earth's atmosphere. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1998; 79: 2101–2114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedlar J , Tjernström M , Mauritsen T , Shupe M. D , Brooks I. M , co-authors . A transitioning Arctic surface energy budget: the impacts of solar zenith angle, surface albedo and cloud radiative forcing. Clim. Dyn. 2011; 37: 1643–1660.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sengupta M , Clothianux E. E , Ackerman T . Climatology of warm boundary layer clouds at the ARM SGP Site and their comparison to models. J. Clim. 2004; 17: 4760–4782.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shupe M. D , Intrieri J. M . Cloud radiative forcing of the Artic surface: the influence of cloud properties, surface albedo, and solar Zenith angle. J. Clim. 2004; 17: 616–628.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strahler A. H , Lucht W , Schaaf C. B , Tsang T , Gao F , co-authors . MODIS BRDF/albedo product: algorithm theoretical basis documentation. NASA EOS-MODIS Doc. 1999. V5.0, 53, NASA.
   Google Scholar
• Su J , Huang J , Fu Q , Minnis P , Ge J , co-authors . Estimation of Asian dust aerosol effect on cloud radiation forcing using Fu-Liou radiative model and CERES measurements. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2008; 8: 2763–2771.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor J. P , Glew M , Coakley J. A , Tahnk W. R , Platnick S , co-authors . Effects of aerosols on the radiative properties of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 2000; 57: 2656–2670.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor P. C . Tropical outgoing longwave radiation and longwave cloud forcing diurnal cycles from CERES. J. Atmos. Sci. 2012; 69: 3652–3669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valenzuela A , Olmo F. J , Lyamani H , Antón M , Quirantes A , co-authors . Aerosol radiative forcing during African desert dust events (2005–2010) over Southeastern Spain. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012; 12: 10331–10351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wacker S , Gröbner J , Nowak D , Vuilleumier L , Kämpfer N . Cloud effect of persistent stratus nebulosus at the Payerne BSRN site. Atmos. Res. 2011; 102: 1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar