Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Renal Impairment in a Large Outpatient Electronic Medical Records Database: Rates of Diagnosis and Antihyperglycemic Medication Dose Adjustment

References

• . American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 2008
   Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2009. Diabetes Care. 2009;32( suppl 1):S13–S61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Rodbard HW, Blonde L, Braithwaite SS,; AACE Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Practice Guidelines Task Force. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the management of diabetes mellitus. Endocr Pract. 2007;13( suppl 1):1–68
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB,; American Diabetes Association; European Association for Study of Diabetes. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):193–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Koro CE, Lee BH, Bowlin SJ. Antidiabetic medication use and prevalence of chronic kidney disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States. Clin Ther. 2009;31(11):2608–2617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Green T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(6):461–470
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Joint Specialty Committee on Renal Disease. Chronic kidney disease in adults: UK guidelines for identification, management and referral. June 2005
   Google Scholar
• . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Fact Sheet: General Information and National Estimates on Diabetes and Prediabetes in the United States, 2011. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008
   Google Scholar
• . Laliberte F, Bookhart BK, Vekeman F,. Direct all-cause health care costs associated with chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes and hypertension: a managed care perspective. J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15(4):312–322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Xue JL, Ma JZ, Louis TA, Collins AJ. Forecast of the number of patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States to the year 2010. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:2753–2758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Tzamaloukas AH, Murata GH. Prevention of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int Urol Nephrol. 2005;37(3):655–663
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Gaede P, Vedel P, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Intensified multifactorial intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria: the Sten type 2 randomised study. Lancet. 1999;353(9153):617–622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(2 suppl 2):S12–S154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Alexander GC, Sehgal NL, Moloney RM, Stafford RS. National trends in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1994–2007. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(10):2088–2094
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . National Kidney Foundation. 5 Stages of chronic kidney disease. http://www.kidney.org/kidneydisease/ckd/knowGFR.cfm#chart. Accessed September 2010
   Google Scholar
• . Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, McKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–383
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Januvia (sitagliptin) [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co, Inc; 2007
   Google Scholar
• . Glucophage (metformin) [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Co; 2009
   Google Scholar
• . Crawford AG, Cote C, Couto J,. Prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in the United States: findings from the GE Centricity electronic medical record database. Popul Health Manag. 2010;13(3):151–161
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Crosson JC, Ohman-Strickland PA, Hahn KA,. Electronic medical records and diabetes quality of care: results from a sample of family medicine practices. Ann Fam Med. 2007;5(3):209–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Feldstein AC, Nichols GA, Smith DH, Rosales AG, Perrin N. Weight change and glycemic control after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(9):1339–1345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Dalrymple LS, Katz R, Kestenbaum B,. Chronic kidney disease and the risk of end-stage renal disease versus death. J Gen Intern Med. 2011;26(4):379–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Krop JS, Coresh J, Chambless LE,. A community-based study of explanatory factors for the excess risk for early renal function decline in blacks vs white with diabetes. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(15):1777–1783
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Minutolo R, De Nicola L, Mazzaglia G,. Detection and awareness of moderate to advanced CKD by primary care practitioners: a cross-sectional study from Italy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;52(3):444–453
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Gan SC, Barr J, Arieff AI, Pearl RG. Biguanide-associated lactic acidosis. Case report and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(11):2333–2336
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Horlen C, Maline R, Bruant B, Dennis B, Carey T. Frequency of inappropriate metformin prescriptions. JAMA. 2002;287(19):2504–2505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Abarca J, Colon LR, Wang VS, Malone DC, Murphy JE, Armstrong EP. Evaluation of the performance of drug-drug interaction screening software in community and hospital pharmacies. J Manag Care Pharm. 2006;12(5):383–389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar