Laboratory measurements of 3-D flow patterns and turbulence in straight open channel with rough bed

References

• Choi , S. , Moonhyeong , P. and Hyeonsik , K. Numerical simulations of flow and suspended sediment transport in open channel flows over smooth-rough bed strips. ICHE 2006 . Seventh International Conference on Hydro-Science and Engineering . Philadelphia , , USA
   Google Scholar
• Chow , V. T. 1959 . Open Channel Hydraulics McGraw-Hill , New York
   Google Scholar
• Einstein , H. A. and Li , H. 1958 . Secondary currents in straight channels . Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union , 39 : 1085 – 1088 .
   Google Scholar
• Garcia , M. H. 1999 . “ Sedimentation and erosion hydraulics ” . In Hydraulic Design Handbook, Chapter 6 , Edited by: Mays , Larry . 6.1 – 6.113 . McGraw-Hill, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Garcia , C. M. , Cantero , M. , Niño , Y. and Garcia , M. H. 2005 . Turbulence measurements using acoustic doppler velocimeters . J. Hydraul. Engng., ASCE , 131 : 1062 – 1073 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson , A. H. 1909 . On the depression of the filament of maximum velocity in a stream flowing through an open channel . Proc. Royal Soc. of London , 82 : 149 – 159 . Series A
   Google Scholar
• Ikeda , S. 1981 . Self forced straight channels in sandy beds . J. Hydraul. Div. ASCE , 107 ( HY4 ) : 389 – 406 .
   Google Scholar
• Imamoto , H. and Ishigaki , T. 1986 . “ Visualization of longitudinal eddies in an open-channel flow ” . In Flow Visualization IV, Proc. 4th Int. Symp. on Flow Visualization , Edited by: Veret , C. 323 – 337 . Washington D.C : Hemisphere .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. G. 1976 . Sedimentological and fluid dynamics implications of the turbulent bursting phenomenon in geophysical flows . Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 77 : 531 – 560 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin , Y. , Zarrati , A. and Zheng , Y. 2004 . Boundary shear distribution in straight ducts and open channels . J. Hydraul. Engng., ASCE , 130 ( 9 ) : 924 – 928 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinoshita , R. 1984 . Present status and future prospects of river flow analysis by the aerial photograph . Proc. Japan Soc. Civil Engrs. , 345 : 1 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Lopez , F. and Garcia , M. H. 1999 . Wall similarity in turbulent openchannel flow . J. Eng. Mech., ASCE , 125 ( 7 ) : 789 – 796 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean , S. R. 1981 . The role of non-uniform roughness in the formation of sand ribbons . Marine Geol. , 42 : 49 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLelland , S. J. , Ashworth , P. J. , Best , J. L. and Livesey , J. R. 1999 . Turbulence and secondary flowover sediment stripes in weakly bimodal bed material . J. Hydraul. Engng., ASCE , 125 ( 5 ) : 463 – 473 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naot , D. 1984 . Response of channel flow to roughness heterogeneity . J. Hydrual. Div., ASCE , 110 ( 11 ) : 1568 – 1587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naot , D. and Rodi , W. 1982 . Calculation of secondary currents in channel flow . J. Hydraul. Div., ASCE , 108 ( 8 ) : 948 – 968 .
   Google Scholar
• Nezu , I. 2005 . Open-channel flow turbulence and its research prospect in the 21st century . J. Hydraul. Engng., ASCE , 131 ( 4 ) : 229 – 246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nezu , I. and Nakagawa , H. 1984 . Cellular secondary currents in a straigth conduit . J. Hydraul. Engng., ASCE , 110 ( 2 ) : 173 – 193 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nezu , I. and Nakagawa , H. 1993 . Turbulence in Open Channel Flows , Rotterdam , , The Netherlands : A. A. Balkema .
   Google Scholar
• Nezu , I. and Rodi , W. 1985 . “ Experimental study on secondary currents in open channel flow ” . In Proc. 21st IARH Congress Vol. 2 , 19 – 23 . Melbourne
   Google Scholar
• Nikuradse , J. 1933 . “ Strömungsgesetze in rauhen Rohren ” . In Forsch. Geb. Ingenieurwes., Ausg. Beill. 4 361 English translation: NACA Technical Memorandum, 1291
   Google Scholar
• Onitsuka , K. and Nezu , I. 2001 . “ Generation mechanism of turbulence driven secondary currents in open-channel flows ” . In IUTAM Symp. Geometry and Statistics of Turbulence , Edited by: Kambe , K. 345 – 350 . Boston : Kluwer Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Prandtl , L. 1952 . Essentials of fluid dynamics , 452 London : Blackie and Son .
   Google Scholar
• Perkins , H. J. 1970 . The formation of streamwise vorticity in turbulent flow . J. Fluid Mech. , 44 : 721 – 740 .
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez , J. F. , García , M. H. , Bombardelli , F. A. , Guzmán , J. M. , Rhoads , B. L. and Herricks , E. 2000 . “ Naturalization of urban streams using in-channel structures ” . In Proc. Joint Conference on Water Resources Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management , Minneapolis , MN : ASCE .
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez , J. F. , López , F. M. , García , C. M. and García , M. H. 2003 . “ Laboratory experiments on pool-riffle sequences designed to restore channelized low-gradient streams ” . In Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams , Edited by: Clar , M. , Carpenter , D. , Gracie , J. and Slate , L. ASCE .
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez , J. F. , García , C. M. , López , F. M. and García , M. H. 2004 . “ Effects of bed topography and vegetation on 3D flow patterns in low-gradient rivers ” . In Sixth International Conference on Hydro-Science and Engineering Brisbane , , Australia ICHE 2004
   Google Scholar
• Roy , A. G. , Buffin-Bélanger , T. , Lamarre , H. and Kirkbride , A. D. 2004 . Size, shape and dynamics of large scale turbulent flow structures in a gravel bed river . J. Fluid Mech. , 500 : 1 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlichting , H. 1979 . Boundary Layer Theory , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Schvidchenko , A. B. and Pender , G. 2001 . Macroturbulent structure of open-channel flow over gravel beds . Water Resour. Res. , 37 ( 3 ) : 709 – 719 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smart , G. M. 1999 . Turbulent velocity profiles and boundary shear in gravel bed rivers . J. Hydaul. Engng. , 125 ( 2 ) : 106 – 116 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Studerus , X. 1982 . Sekundärströmungen im offenen Gerinne über rauhen Längsstreifen , Zürich , , Switzerland : ETH . PhD thesis
   Google Scholar
• Tamburrino , A. and Gulliver , J. S. 1999 . Large flow structures in a turbulent open channel flow . J. Hydraul. Res. , 37 ( 3 ) : 363 – 380 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tominaga , A. , Nezu , I. , Ezaki , K. and Nakagawa , H. 1989 . Three dimensional turbulent structure in straight open channel flows . J. Hydraul. Res. , 27 ( 1 ) : 149 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend A.A. 1976 . The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow , 2nd edn , Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Vanoni , V. A. 1975 . Sedimentation Engineering , ASCE . Manual 54
   Google Scholar
• Wade , R. J. , Rhoads , B. L. , Rodríguez , J. F. , Newell , M. , Wilson , D. , Herricks , E. , Bombardelli , F. A. and García , M. H. 2002 . Integrating science and technology to support stream naturalization near chicago, illinois . Journal of the AWRA , 38 ( 4 ) : 931 – 945 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar