References
- ADAM, BROTHER (1968) In search of the best strains of bees. Walmar Verlag Zell; Weierbach, Germany.
- BOUGA, M; KILIAS, G; HARIZANIS, P C; PAPASOTIROPOULOS, V; ALAHIOTIS, S (2005a) Allozyme variability and phylogenetic relationships in honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: A. mellifera)populations from Greece and Cyprus. Biochemical Genetics 43: 471–484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-005-8163-2
- BOUGA, M; HARIZANIS, P C; KILIAS, G; ALAHIOTIS, S (2005b) Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships of honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) populations from Greece and Cyprus using PCR—RFLP analysis of three mtDNA Segments. Apidologie 36: 335–344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:2005021
- DEDEJ, S; BASIOLO, A; PIVA, R (1996) Morphometric and alloenzymatic characterisation in the Albanian honey bee population Apis mellifera L. Apidologie 27(3): 121–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:19960301
- DRAY, S; DUFOUR, A B (2007) The ade4 package: implementing the duality diagram for ecologists. Journal of Statistical Software 22 (4): 1–20.
- ESTOUP, A; GARNERY, L; SOLIGNAC, M; CORNUET, J M (1995) Microsatellite variation in honey bee (Apis mellifera L) populations: Hierarchical genetic structure and test of the infinite allele and stepwise mutation models. Genetics 140: 679–695.
- EVANNO, G; REGNAUT, S; GOUDET, J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology 14(8): 2611–2620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x
- GADM V1.0 (2011) Global Administrative Areas [Online]. Available: http://www.gadm.org/
- GARNERY, L; CORNUET, J M; SOLIGNAC, M (1992) Evolutionary history of the honey bee Apis mellifera inferred from mitochondrial DNA analysis. Molecular Ecology 1: 145–154
- IFANTIDIS, M D (1979). Morphological characters of the Greek bee Apis mellifica cecropia. Proceedings of XXVII International Apicuttural Congress, Athens, Greece, 1979. pp 271–277.
- IHAKA, R; GENTLEMAN, R (1996) R: a language for data analysis and graphics. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 5(3): 299–314.
- IVANOVA, E; STAYKOVA, T; BOUGA, M (2007) Allozyme variability in honey bee populations from some mountainous regions in southwest of Bulgaria. Journal of Apicultural Research 46(1): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.46.1.02
- IVANOVA, E; STAYKOVA, T; PETROV, P (2010) Allozyme variability in populations of local Bulgarian honey bee. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment 24(2): 371–374.
- IVANOVA, E (2010) Investigation on genetic variability in honey bee populations from Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment 24(2): 385–389.
- IVANOVA, E; BOUGA, M; STAYKOVA, T; MLADENOVIC, M; SLADJAN, R; CHARISTOS, L; HATJINA, F; PETROV, P (2012) The genetic variability of honey bees from the Southern Balkan Peninsula, based on alloenzymic data. Journal of Apicultural Research 51(4): 329–335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.51.406
- JAKOBSSON, M; ROSENBERG, N A (2007) CLUMPP: a cluster matching and permutation program for dealing with label switching and multimodality in analysis of population structure. Bioinformatics 23 (14): 1801–1806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm233
- JOMBART, T (2008) adegenet: a R package for the multivariate analysis of genetic markers. Bioinformatics 24(11): 1403–1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btn129
- MARTIMIANAKIS, S; KLOSSA-KILIA, E; BOUGA, M; KILIAS, G (2011) Phylogenetic relationships of Greek Apis mellifera subspecies based on sequencing of mtDNA segments (COI and ND5). Journal of Apicultural Research 50(1): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.50.1.05
- MEIXNER, M D; WOROBIK, M; WILDE, J; FUCHS, S; KOENIGER, N (2007) Apis mellifera mellifera in eastern Europe—morphometric variation and determination of range limits. Apidologie 38: 191–197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:2006068
- MEIXNER, M; LETA, M A; KOENIGER, N; FUCHS, S (2011) The honey bees of Ethiopia represent a new subspecies of Apis mellifera - Apis mellifera simensis n. spp. Apidologie 42: 425–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-011-0007-y
- MUÑOZ, I; STEVANOVIC, J; STANIMIROVIC, Z; DE LA RÚA, P (2012) Genetic variation of Apis mellifera from Serbia inferred from mitochondrial analysis. Journal of Apicultural Science 56: 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10289-012-0007-9
- PEAKALL, R; SMOUSE, P E (2006) GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes 6(1): 288–295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471–8286.2005.01155.x
- PEAKALL, R; SMOUSE, P E (2012) GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update. Bioinformatics 28(19): 2537–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460
- PETROV, P (1996) Possibilities for using some quantitative characteristics in the taxonomy of Bulgarian honey bees Apis mellifera rodopica.Size of the forewing. Journal of Animal Sciences 4: 75–77.
- PRITCHARD, J K; STEPHENS, M; DONNELLY, P (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155 (2): 945–959.
- R DEVELOPMENT CORE TEAM (2012). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0.
- RUTTNER, F (1988) Biogeography and taxonomy of honey bees. Springer-Verlag; Berlin, Germany. ISBN 0387177817
- SCHNUTE, J T; BOERS, N M; HAIGH, R; COUTURE-BEIL, A (2010) PBSmapping: mapping fisheries data and spatial analysis tools[Online]. Available: http://CRAN.Rproject.orgpackage=PBSmapping
- SHEPPARD, W S; MEIXNER, M D (2003) Apis mellifera pomonella, a new honey bee subspecies from Central Asia. Apidologie3A: 367–375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:2003037
- SOLIGNAC, M; VAUTRIN, D; LOISEAU, A; MOUGEL, F; BAUDRY, E; ESTOUP, A; GARNERY, L; HABERL, M; CORNUET, J-M (2003) Five hundred and fifty microsatellite markers for the study of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) genome. Molecular Ecology Notes 3(2): 307 -311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471–8286.2003.00436.x
- STEVANOVIC, J; STANIMIROVIC, Z; RADAKOVIC, M; KOVACEVIC, S R (2010) Biogeographic study of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) from Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republic of Macedonia based on mitochondrial DNA analyses Russian Journal of Genetics 46(5): 603–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1022795410050145
- UZUNOV, A; KIPRIJANOVSKA, H; ANDONOV, S; NAUMOVSKI, M; GREGORC, A (2009) Morphological diversity and racial determination of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) population in the Republic of Macedonia. Journal of Apicultural Research 48(3): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.48.3.08
- WHITFIELD, C W; BEHURA, S K; BERLOCHER S H; CLARK, A G; JOHNSTON, J S; SHEPPARD, W S; SMITH, D R; SUAREZ, A V; WEAVER, D; TSUTSUI, N D (2006) Thrice out of Africa: ancient and re-cent expansions of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Science 314: 642–645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1132772