Seeking the source of adipocytes in adult white adipose tissues

References

• Rosen ED, Spiegelman BM. Adipocytes as regulators of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Nature 2006; 444:847 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05483; PMID: 17167472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kershaw EE, Flier JS. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:2548 - 56; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-0395; PMID: 15181022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prins JB, O’Rahilly S. Regulation of adipose cell number in man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1997; 92:3 - 11; PMID: 9038586
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeve D, Tang W, Graff J. Fighting fat with fat: the expanding field of adipose stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2009; 5:472 - 81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2009.10.014; PMID: 19896439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Souza CJ, Eckhardt M, Gagen K, Dong M, Chen W, Laurent D, et al. Effects of pioglitazone on adipose tissue remodeling within the setting of obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes 2001; 50:1863 - 71; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.50.8.1863; PMID: 11473050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vegiopoulos A, Müller-Decker K, Strzoda D, Schmitt I, Chichelnitskiy E, Ostertag A, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 controls energy homeostasis in mice by de novo recruitment of brown adipocytes. Science 2010; 328:1158 - 61; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1186034; PMID: 20448152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seale P, Kajimura S, Spiegelman BM. Transcriptional control of brown adipocyte development and physiological function--of mice and men. Genes Dev 2009; 23:788 - 97; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1779209; PMID: 19339685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran TT, Kahn CR. Transplantation of adipose tissue and stem cells: role in metabolism and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6:195 - 213; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2010.20; PMID: 20195269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cawthorn WP, Scheller EL, MacDougald OA. Adipose tissue stem cells meet preadipocyte commitment: going back to the future. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:227 - 46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R021089; PMID: 22140268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cawthorn WP, Scheller EL, Macdougald OA. Adipose tissue stem cells: the great WAT hope. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2012; 23:270 - 7; PMID: 22417866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee Y-H, Petkova AP, Mottillo EP, Granneman JG. In vivo identification of bipotential adipocyte progenitors recruited by β3-adrenoceptor activation and high-fat feeding. Cell Metab 2012; 15:480 - 91; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.03.009; PMID: 22482730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslam DW, James WP. Obesity. Lancet 2005; 366:1197 - 209; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1; PMID: 16198769
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun K, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue remodeling and obesity. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:2094 - 101; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI45887; PMID: 21633177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cusi K. The role of adipose tissue and lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2010; 10:306 - 15; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-010-0122-6; PMID: 20556549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guilherme A, Virbasius JV, Puri V, Czech MP. Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008; 9:367 - 77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrm2391; PMID: 18401346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tontonoz P, Spiegelman BM. Fat and beyond: the diverse biology of PPARgamma. Annu Rev Biochem 2008; 77:289 - 312; http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.061307.091829; PMID: 18518822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehrke M, Lazar MA. The many faces of PPARgamma. Cell 2005; 123:993 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.026; PMID: 16360030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tseng Y-H, Cypess AM, Kahn CR. Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010; 9:465 - 82; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd3138; PMID: 20514071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arch JRS. β(3)-Adrenoceptor agonists: potential, pitfalls and progress. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 440:99 - 107; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(02)01421-8; PMID: 12007528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins S, Cao W, Robidoux J. Learning new tricks from old dogs: β-adrenergic receptors teach new lessons on firing up adipose tissue metabolism. Mol Endocrinol 2004; 18:2123 - 31; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2004-0193; PMID: 15243132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granneman JG, Burnazi M, Zhu Z, Schwamb LA. White adipose tissue contributes to UCP1-independent thermogenesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2003; 285:E1230 - 6; PMID: 12954594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gesta S, Tseng YH, Kahn CR. Developmental origin of fat: tracking obesity to its source. Cell 2007; 131:242 - 56; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.004; PMID: 17956727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xaymardan M, Gibbins JR, Zoellner H. Adipogenic healing in adult mice by implantation of hollow devices in muscle. Anat Rec 2002; 267:28 - 36; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.10072; PMID: 11984789
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koh YJ, Kang S, Lee HJ, Choi T-S, Lee HS, Cho C-H, et al. Bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells fail to transdifferentiate into adipocytes in adult adipose tissues in mice. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:3684 - 95; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI32504; PMID: 18060029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams M, Montague CT, Prins JB, Holder JC, Smith SA, Sanders L, et al. Activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma have depot-specific effects on human preadipocyte differentiation. J Clin Invest 1997; 100:3149 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI119870; PMID: 9399962
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang W, Zeve D, Seo J, Jo AY, Graff JM. Thiazolidinediones regulate adipose lineage dynamics. Cell Metab 2011; 14:116 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2011.05.012; PMID: 21723509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langin D. Recruitment of brown fat and conversion of white into brown adipocytes: strategies to fight the metabolic complications of obesity?. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1801:372 - 6; PMID: 19782764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cousin B, Cinti S, Morroni M, Raimbault S, Ricquier D, Pénicaud L, et al. Occurrence of brown adipocytes in rat white adipose tissue: molecular and morphological characterization. J Cell Sci 1992; 103:931 - 42; PMID: 1362571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young P, Arch JRS, Ashwell M. Brown adipose tissue in the parametrial fat pad of the mouse. FEBS Lett 1984; 167:10 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(84)80822-4; PMID: 6698197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granneman JG, Li P, Zhu Z, Lu Y. Metabolic and cellular plasticity in white adipose tissue I: effects of β3-adrenergic receptor activation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 289:E608 - 16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00009.2005; PMID: 15941787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghorbani M, Claus TH, Himms-Hagen J. Hypertrophy of brown adipocytes in brown and white adipose tissues and reversal of diet-induced obesity in rats treated with a beta3-adrenoceptor agonist. Biochem Pharmacol 1997; 54:121 - 31; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(97)00162-7; PMID: 9296358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherry AB, Daley GQ. Reprogramming cellular identity for regenerative medicine. Cell 2012; 148:1110 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.031; PMID: 22424223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cinti S. Transdifferentiation properties of adipocytes in the adipose organ. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297:E977 - 86; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00183.2009; PMID: 19458063
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barbatelli G, Murano I, Madsen L, Hao Q, Jimenez M, Kristiansen K, et al. The emergence of cold-induced brown adipocytes in mouse white fat depots is determined predominantly by white to brown adipocyte transdifferentiation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 298:E1244 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2009; PMID: 20354155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz TJ, Huang TL, Tran TT, Zhang H, Townsend KL, Shadrach JL, et al. Identification of inducible brown adipocyte progenitors residing in skeletal muscle and white fat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:143 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010929108; PMID: 21173238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodeheffer MS, Birsoy K, Friedman JM. Identification of white adipocyte progenitor cells in vivo. Cell 2008; 135:240 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.036; PMID: 18835024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretzschmar K, Watt FM. Lineage tracing. Cell 2012; 148:33 - 45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.002; PMID: 22265400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seale P, Bjork B, Yang W, Kajimura S, Chin S, Kuang S, et al. PRDM16 controls a brown fat/skeletal muscle switch. Nature 2008; 454:961 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07182; PMID: 18719582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang W, Zeve D, Suh JM, Bosnakovski D, Kyba M, Hammer RE, et al. White fat progenitor cells reside in the adipose vasculature. Science 2008; 322:583 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1156232; PMID: 18801968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li P, Zhu Z, Lu Y, Granneman JG. Metabolic and cellular plasticity in white adipose tissue II: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 289:E617 - 26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00010.2005; PMID: 15941786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivers LE, Young KM, Rizzi M, Jamen F, Psachoulia K, Wade A, et al. PDGFRA/NG2 glia generate myelinating oligodendrocytes and piriform projection neurons in adult mice. Nat Neurosci 2008; 11:1392 - 401; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2220; PMID: 18849983
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strissel KJ, Stancheva Z, Miyoshi H, Perfield JW 2nd, DeFuria J, Jick Z, et al. Adipocyte death, adipose tissue remodeling, and obesity complications. Diabetes 2007; 56:2910 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db07-0767; PMID: 17848624
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cinti S, Mitchell G, Barbatelli G, Murano I, Ceresi E, Faloia E, et al. Adipocyte death defines macrophage localization and function in adipose tissue of obese mice and humans. J Lipid Res 2005; 46:2347 - 55; http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M500294-JLR200; PMID: 16150820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoch RV, Soriano P. Roles of PDGF in animal development. Development 2003; 130:4769 - 84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.00721; PMID: 12952899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pringle NP, Mudhar HS, Collarini EJ, Richardson WD. PDGF receptors in the rat CNS: during late neurogenesis, PDGF alpha-receptor expression appears to be restricted to glial cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage. Development 1992; 115:535 - 51; PMID: 1425339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joe AWB, Yi L, Natarajan A, Le Grand F, So L, Wang J, et al. Muscle injury activates resident fibro/adipogenic progenitors that facilitate myogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2010; 12:153 - 63; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb2015; PMID: 20081841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uezumi A, Fukada S-i, Yamamoto N, Takeda S, Tsuchida K. Mesenchymal progenitors distinct from satellite cells contribute to ectopic fat cell formation in skeletal muscle. Nat Cell Biol 2010; 12:143 - 52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb2014; PMID: 20081842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uezumi A, Ito T, Morikawa D, Shimizu N, Yoneda T, Segawa M, et al. Fibrosis and adipogenesis originate from a common mesenchymal progenitor in skeletal muscle. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3654 - 64; http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.086629; PMID: 22045730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chudakov DM, Matz MV, Lukyanov S, Lukyanov KA. Fluorescent proteins and their applications in imaging living cells and tissues. Physiol Rev 2010; 90:1103 - 63; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00038.2009; PMID: 20664080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirsch J, Gallian E. Methods for the determination of adipose cell size in man and animals. J Lipid Res 1968; 9:110 - 9; PMID: 4295346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar