Left-right patterning in the C. elegans embryo

References

• Brown NA, Wolpert L. The development of handedness in left/right asymmetry. Development 1990; 109:1 - 9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin M, Mercola M. The compulsion of chirality: toward an understanding of left-right asymmetry. Genes Dev 1998; 12:763 - 769
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood WB. The left-right polarity puzzle: determining embryonic handedness. PLoS Biol 2005; 3:292
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cintas P. Chirality of living systems: a helping hand from crystals and oligopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:1139 - 1145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin M. Left-right asymmetry in embryonic development: a comprehensive review. Mech Dev 2005; 122:3 - 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okumura T, Utsuno H, Kuroda J, Gittenberger E, Asami T, Matsuno K. The development and evolution of left-right asymmetry in invertebrates: lessons from Drosophila and snails. Dev Dyn 2008; 237:3497 - 3515
   Google Scholar
• Wood WB. Handed asymmetry in nematodes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 1998; 9:53 - 60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asami T, Gittenberger E, Falkner G. Whole-body enantiomorphy and maternal inheritance of chiral reversal in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. J Hered 2008; 99:552 - 557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dongen SV. Fluctuating asymmetry and developmental instability in evolutionary biology: past, present and future. J Evol Biol 2006; 19:1727 - 1743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercola M, Levin M. Left-right asymmetry determination in vertebrates. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2001; 17:779 - 805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood WB. Evidence from reversal of handedness in C. elegans embryos for early cell interactions determining cell fates. Nature 1991; 349:536 - 538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McManus C. Reversed bodies, reversed brains and (some) reversed behaviors: of zebrafish and men. Dev Cell 2005; 8:796 - 797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutherland MJ, Ware SM. Disorders of left-right asymmetry: heterotaxy and situs inversus. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2009; 151:307 - 317
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamura K, Yonei-Tamura S, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Molecular basis of left-right asymmetry. Dev Growth Differ 1999; 41:645 - 656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yost HJ. Coordinating the development of bilateral symmetry and left-right asymmetry. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2009; 20:455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crampton H. Reversal of cleavage in a sinistral gastropod. Ann NY Acad Sci 1894; 8:167 - 170
   Google Scholar
• Kuroda R, Endo B, Abe M, Shimizu M. Chiral blastomere arrangement dictates zygotic left-right asymmetry pathway in snails. Nature 2009; 462:790 - 794
   Google Scholar
• Palmer AR. Symmetry breaking and the evolution of development. Science 2004; 306:828 - 833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speder P, Petzoldt A, Suzanne M, Noselli S. Strategies to establish left/right asymmetry in vertebrates and invertebrates. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2007; 17:351 - 358
   Google Scholar
• Deppe U, Schierenberg E, Cole T, Krieg C, Schmitt D, Yoder B, von Ehrenstein G. Cell lineages of the embryo of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1978; 75:376 - 380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulston JE, Schierenberg E, White JG, Thomson JN. The embryonic cell lineage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev Biol 1983; 100:64 - 119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood WB, Bergmann D, Florance A. Maternal effect of low temperature on handedness determination in C. elegans embryos. Dev Genet 1996; 19:222 - 230
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Steiner G. Opuscula miscellanea nematologica, IV. Proc Heminthol Soc Wash 1936; 2:74 - 80
   Google Scholar
• Felix MA, Sternberg PW, De Ley P. Sinistral nematode population. Nature 1996; 381:122
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturtevant AH. Inheritance of the direction of coiling in Limnea. Science 1923; 58:269 - 270
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shibazaki Y, Shimizu M, Kuroda R. Body handedness is directed by genetically determined cytoskeletal dynamics in the early embryo. Curr Biol 2004; 14:1462 - 1467
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein B, Macara IG. The PAR proteins: fundamental players in animal cell polarization. Dev Cell 2007; 13:609 - 622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willard FS, Kimple RJ, Siderovski DP. Return of the GDI: the GoLoco motif in cell division. Annu Rev Biochem 2004; 73:925 - 951
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmann DC, Lee M, Robertson B, Tsou MF, Rose LS, Wood WB. Embryonic handedness choice in C. elegans involves the Galpha protein GPA-16. Development 2003; 130:5731 - 5740
   Google Scholar
• Afshar K, Willard FS, Colombo K, Johnston CA, McCudden CR, Siderovski DP, Gonczy P. RIC-8 is required for GPR-1/2-dependent Galpha function during asymmetric division of C. elegans embryos. Cell 2004; 119:219 - 230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afshar K, Willard FS, Colombo K, Siderovski DP, Gonczy P. Cortical localization of the Galpha protein GPA-16 requires RIC-8 function during C. elegans asymmetric cell division. Development 2005; 132:4449 - 4459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston CA, Afshar K, Snyder JT, Tall GG, Gonczy P, Siderovski DP, Willard FS. Structural determinants underlying the temperature-sensitive nature of a Galpha mutant in asymmetric cell division of Caenorhabditis elegans. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:21550 - 21558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlowski C, Srayko M, Nedelec F. Cortical microtubule contacts position the spindle in C. elegans embryos. Cell 2007; 129:499 - 510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minc N, Bratman SV, Basu R, Chang F. Establishing new sites of polarization by microtubules. Curr Biol 2009; 19:83 - 94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood WB, Schonegg S. Rotation of 1-cell C. elegans embryos inside the egg shell reveals an early step in establishment of left-right polarity and embryonic handedness. International Worm Meeting 2005; Abstract110; http://www.wormbase.org/db/misc/paper?name=WBPaper00025920;class=Paper
   Google Scholar
• Maddox AS, Lewellyn L, Desai A, Oegema K. Anillin and the septins promote asymmetric ingression of the cytokinetic furrow. Dev Cell 2007; 12:827 - 835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danilchik MV, Brown EE, Riegert K. Intrinsic chiral properties of the Xenopus egg cortex: an early indicator of left-right asymmetry?. Development 2006; 133:4517 - 4526
   Google Scholar
• Pohl C, Bao Z. Chiral forces organize left-right patterning in C. elegans by uncoupling midline and anteroposterior axis. Dev Cell 2010; 19:402 - 412
   Google Scholar
• Priess JR, Schnabel H, Schnabel R. The glp-1 locus and cellular interactions in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 1987; 51:601 - 611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mello CC, Draper BW, Priess JR. The maternal genes apx-1 and glp-1 and establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the early C. elegans embryo. Cell 1994; 77:95 - 106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mickey KM, Mello CC, Montgomery MK, Fire A, Priess JR. An inductive interaction in 4-cell stage C. elegans embryos involves APX-1 expression in the signalling cell. Development 1996; 122:1791 - 1798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priess JR. Establishment of initial asymmetry in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Curr OpinGenet Dev 1994; 4:563 - 568
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levin M, Johnson RL, Stern CD, Kuehn M, Tabin C. A molecular pathway determining left-right asymmetry in chick embryogenesis. Cell 1995; 82:803 - 814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grande C, Patel NH. Lophotrochozoa get into the game: the nodal pathway and left/right asymmetry in bilateria. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2009; 74:281 - 287
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grande C, Patel NH. Nodal signalling is involved in left-right asymmetry in snails. Nature 2009; 457:1007 - 1011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collignon J, Varlet I, Robertson EJ. Relationship between asymmetric nodal expression and the direction of embryonic turning. Nature 1996; 381:155 - 158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe LA, Supp DM, Sampath K, Yokoyama T, Wright CV, Potter SS, Overbeek P, Kuehn MR. Conserved left-right asymmetry of nodal expression and alterations in murine situs inversus. Nature 1996; 381:158 - 161
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meno C, Shimono A, Saijoh Y, Yashiro K, Mochida K, Ohishi S, et al. lefty-1 is required for left-right determination as a regulator of lefty-2 and nodal. Cell 1998; 94:287 - 297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutter H, Schnabel R. glp-1 and inductions establishing embryonic axes in C. elegans. Development 1994; 120:2051 - 2064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutter H, Schnabel R. Establishment of left-right asymmetry in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo: a multistep process involving a series of inductive events. Development 1995; 121:3417 - 3424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermann GJ, Leung B, Priess JR. Left-right asymmetry in C. elegans intestine organogenesis involves a LIN-12/Notch signaling pathway. Development 2000; 127:3429 - 3440
   Google Scholar
• Hobert O, Johnston RJ Jr, Chang S. Left-right asymmetry in the nervous system: the Caenorhabditis elegans model. Nature Rev Neurosci 2002; 3:629 - 640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poole RJ, Hobert O. Early embryonic programming of neuronal left/right asymmetry in C. elegans. Curr Biol 2006; 16:2279 - 2292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzanne M, Petzoldt AG, Speder P, Coutelis JB, Steller H, Noselli S. Coupling of apoptosis and L/R patterning controls stepwise organ looping. Curr Biol 2010; 20:1773 - 1778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hozumi S, Maeda R, Taniguchi K, Kanai M, Shirakabe S, Sasamura T, et al. An unconventional myosin in Drosophila reverses the default handedness in visceral organs. Nature 2006; 440:798 - 802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speder P, Adam G, Noselli S. Type ID unconventional myosin controls left-right asymmetry in Drosophila. Nature 2006; 440:803 - 807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okumura T, Fujiwara H, Taniguchi K, Kuroda J, Nakazawa N, Nakamura M, et al. Left-right asymmetric morphogenesis of the anterior midgut depends on the activation of a non-muscle myosin II in Drosophila. Dev Biol 2010; 344:693 - 706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dathe V, Gamel A, Manner J, Brand-Saberi B, Christ B. Morphological left-right asymmetry of Hensen's node precedes the asymmetric expression of Shh and Fgf8 in the chick embryo. Anatomy and embryology 2002; 205:343 - 354
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gros J, Feistel K, Viebahn C, Blum M, Tabin CJ. Cell movements at Hensen's node establish left/right asymmetric gene expression in the chick. Science 2009; 324:941 - 944
   Google Scholar
• Cui C, Little CD, Rongish BJ. Rotation of organizer tissue contributes to left-right asymmetry. Anat Rec 2009; 292:557 - 561
   Google Scholar
• Nerurkar NL, Ramasubramanian A, Taber LA. Morphogenetic adaptation of the looping embryonic heart to altered mechanical loads. Dev Dyn 2006; 235:1822 - 1829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlesinger A, Shelton CA, Maloof JN, Meneghini M, Bowerman B. Wnt pathway components orient a mitotic spindle in the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo without requiring gene transcription in the responding cell. Genes Dev 1999; 13:2028 - 2038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walston T, Tuskey C, Edgar L, Hawkins N, Ellis G, Bowerman B, et al. Multiple Wnt signaling pathways converge to orient the mitotic spindle in early C. elegans embryos. Dev Cell 2004; 7:831 - 841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JY, Marston DJ, Walston T, Hardin J, Halberstadt A, Goldstein B. Wnt/Frizzled signaling controls C. elegans gastrulation by activating actomyosin contractility. Curr Biol 2006; 16:1986 - 1997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bischoff M, Schnabel R. A posterior centre establishes and maintains polarity of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo by a Wnt-dependent relay mechanism. PLoS Biol 2006; 4:396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabello J, Neukomm LJ, Gunesdogan U, Burkart K, Charette SJ, Lochnit G, et al. The Wnt pathway controls cell death engulfment, spindle orientation and migration through CED-10/Rac. PLoS Biol 2010; 8:1000297
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segalen M, Bellaiche Y. Cell division orientation and planar cell polarity pathways. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2009; 20:972 - 977
   Google Scholar
• Zallen JA. Planar polarity and tissue morphogenesis. Cell 2007; 129:1051 - 1063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Nathans J. Tissue/planar cell polarity in vertebrates: new insights and new questions. Development 2007; 134:647 - 658
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langenhan T, Promel S, Mestek L, Esmaeili B, Waller-Evans H, Hennig C, et al. Latrophilin signaling links anterior-posterior tissue polarity and oriented cell divisions in the C. elegans embryo. Dev Cell 2009; 17:494 - 504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borovina A, Superina S, Voskas D, Ciruna B. Vangl2 directs the posterior tilting and asymmetric localization of motile primary cilia. Nat Cell Biol 2010; 12:407 - 412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashimoto M, Shinohara K, Wang J, Ikeuchi S, Yoshiba S, Meno C, et al. Planar polarization of node cells determines the rotational axis of node cilia. Nat Cell Biol 2010; 12:170 - 176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song H, Hu J, Chen W, Elliott G, Andre P, Gao B, Yang Y. Planar cell polarity breaks bilateral symmetry by controlling ciliary positioning. Nature 2010; 466:378 - 382
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aw S, Levin M. Is left-right asymmetry a form of planar cell polarity?. Development 2009; 136:355 - 366
   Google Scholar