2,702
Views
97
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

TEACHING EMPATHY: A FRAMEWORK ROOTED IN SOCIAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE

, , &
Pages 109-131 | Published online: 16 Mar 2013

References

  • Arch, J. J., & Craske, M. G. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness: Emotion regulation following a focused breathing induction. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1849–1858.
  • Ashford, J., LeCroy, C., & Lortie, K. L. (2009). Human behavior in the social environment: A multidimensional perspective. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Astin, A. W. (2000). The civic challenge of educating the underprepared student. In T. Ehrlich (Ed.), Civic responsibility and higher education (pp. 124–146). Phoenix, AZ: American Council on Education.
  • Baer, R. A., & Krietemeyer, J. (2006). Overview of mindfulness-and acceptance-based treatment approaches. In R. A. Baer (Ed.), Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician's guide to evidence base and applications (pp. 3–30). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Academic Press.
  • Barker, R. L. (2008). The social work dictionary. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • Batson, C. D. (1991). The altruism question: Toward a social-psychological answer. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Batson, C. D. (2006). Folly bridges. In P. A. Van Lange (Ed.), Bridging social psychology: Benefits of transdisciplinary approaches (pp. 59–64). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Batson, C. D., Batson, J. G., Slindsby, J. K., Harrell, K. L., Peekna, H. M., & Todd, M. (1991). Empathic joy and the empathy– altruism hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(3), 413–426.
  • Batson, C. D., Lishner, D. A., Carpenter, A., Dulin, L., Harjusola-Webb, S., & Stocks, E. (2003). ". . . as you would have them do unto you": Does imagining yourself in the other's place stimulate moral action? Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1190–1201.
  • Berg, D., Raminani, S., Greer, J., Harwood, M., & Safren, S. (2008). Participants' perspectives on cognitive-behavioral therapy for adherence and depression in HIV. Psychotherapy Research, 18(3), 271–280.
  • Berrol, C. F. (2006). Neuroscience meets dance/movement therapy: Mirror neurons, the therapeutic process and empathy. Arts in Psychotherapy, 33, 302–315.
  • Block-Lerner, J., Adair, C., Plumb, J. C., Rhatigan, D. L., & Orsillo, S. M. (2007). The case for mindfulness-based ap proaches in the cultivation of empathy: Does nonjudgmental, present-moment awareness increase capacity for perspective-taking and empathic concern? Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 33(4), 501–516.
  • Bolte Taylor, J. (2008). My stroke of insight: A brain scientist's personal journey. New York, NY: Plume.
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1 Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation anxiety and anger. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, R. (2004). Fifty years of attachment theory. London, England: Karnac Books.
  • Braun, K. L., Cheang, M., & Shigeta, D. (2005). Increasing knowledge, skills, and empathy among direct care workers in elder care: A preliminary study of an activelearning model. Gerontologist, 45, 118–124.
  • Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 84, 822–848.
  • Buccino, G., & Amore, M. (2008). Mirror neurons and the understanding of behavioral symptoms. Current Opinions in Psychiatry, 21(3), 281–285.
  • Busby, D. M., & Garnder, B. C. (2008). How do I analyze thee? Let me count the ways: Considering empathy in couple relationships using self and partner ratings. Family Process, 47, 229–242.
  • Calley, N. C., & Gerber, S. (2008). Empathypromoting counseling strategies for juvenile sex offenders: A developmental approach. Journal of Addictions & Sexual Counseling, 28, 68–85.
  • Chung, C. Y. R., & Bemak, F. (2002). The relationship of culture and empathy in crosscultural counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 154–159.
  • Coffey, K. A., & Hartman, M. (2008). Mechanisms of action in the inverse relationship between mindfulness and psychological distress. Complementary Health Practice Review, 13(2), 78–91.
  • Corwin, M. (2002). Brief treatment in clinical social work practice. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning.
  • Coulshed, V., & Orme, J. (2006). Social work practice: An introduction. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Council on Social Work Education. (2008). Educational policy and accreditation standards. http://www.cswe.org/Accreditation/41865.aspx
  • Cournoyer, B. R. (2004). The evidence-based social work skills book. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Curtner-Smith, M. E., Culp, A. M., Culp, R., Scheib, C., Owens, K., Tilley, A., . . . Coleman, P. W. (2006). Mothers' parenting and young economically disadvantaged children's relational and overt bullying. Journal of Family Studies, 15(2), 181–193.
  • Davis, K. C. (2004). Oprah book club and the politics of cross-racial empathy. Internation al Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(4), 399–419.
  • Davis, M. H. (1996). Empathy: A social psychological approach. Boulder, CO: Westview.
  • de Waal, F. B. M. (2003). Animal social complexity: Intelligence, culture, and individualize societies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • de Waal, F. B. M. (2008). Putting altruism back into altruism: The evolution of empathy. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 279–300.
  • Decety, J., & Jackson, P. L. (2004). The functional architecture of human empathy. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews, 3, 71–100.
  • Decety, J., & Lamm C. (2006). Human empathy through the lens of social neuroscience. Scientific World Journal, 6, 1146–1163.
  • Decety, J., & Moriguchi, Y. (2007). The empathic brain and its dysfunction in psychiatric populations: Implications for intervention across different clinical conditions. BioPyschoSocial Medicine, 1(22), 1–21.
  • di Pellegrino, G., Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., G. Callese, V., & Rizzolatti, G. (1992). Understand ing motor events: A neurophysiological study. Experimental Brain Research, 91, 176–180.
  • DuBois, B., & Miley, K. K. (2005). Social work: An empowering profession. Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
  • Dziobek, I., Rogers, K., Fleck, S., Bahnemann, M., Heekeren, H. R., & Wolf, O. T. (2008). Dissociation of cognitive and emotional empathy in adults with Asperger syndrome using the multifaceted empathy test (MET). Journal of Autism Development Disorder, 38, 464–473.
  • Enticott, P. G., Johnston, P. J., Herring, S. E., Hoy, K. E., & Fitzgerald, P. B. (2008). Mirror neuron activation is associated with facial emotion processing. Neuropsychologia, 48, 2851–2854.
  • Erera, P. I. (1997). Empathy training for helping professionals: Model and evaluation. Journal of Social Work Education, 33, 245–260.
  • Eslinger, P. J. (1998). Neurological and neuropsychological bases of empathy. European Neurology, 39, 193–199.
  • Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., Pavesi, G., & Rizzolatti, G. (1995). Motor facilitation during action observation: A magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Neurophysiology, 73, 2608–2611.
  • Feit, M. D., & Wodarski, J. S. (2004). The conundrum of human behavior in the social environment. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Forrester, D., Kershaw, S., Moss, H., & Hughes, L. (2008). Communication skills in child protection: How do social workers talk to parents? Child and Family Social Work, 13, 41–51.
  • Frank, R. H. (2001). Cooperation through emotional commitment. In R. M. Nesse (Ed.), Evolution and the capacity for commitment (pp. 57–76). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Freedberg, S. (2007). Re-examining empathy: A relational-feminist point of view. Social Work, 52, 251–259.
  • Gallese, V., & Goldman, A. (1998). Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mindreading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(12), 493–501.
  • Gazzola, V., Aziz-Zadeh, L., & Keysers, C. (2006). Empathy and the somatropic auditory mirror system in humans. Current Biology, 16, 1824–1829.
  • Gerdes, K. E., & Segal, E. A. (2009). A social work model of empathy. Advances in Social Work, 10, 114–127.
  • Gerdes, K. E., & Segal, E. A. (in press). The importance of empathy for social work practice: Integrating new science. Social Work.
  • Germer, C. K. (2005). Teaching mindfulness in therapy. In C. K. Germer, R. D. Siegel, & P. R. Fulton (Eds.), Mindfulness and psychotherapy (pp. 113–129). New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Goleman, D. (1997). Emotional intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books.
  • Green, E. J., & Christensen, T. M. (2006). Elementary school children's perceptions of play therapy in school settings. International Journal of Play Therapy, 15(1), 65–85.
  • Greene, R. R. (2008). Human behavior theory and social work practice. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
  • Hildenbran, D., & Pithers, W. D. (1989). Enhancing offender empathy for sexual abuse victims. In D. R. Laws (Ed.), Relapse prevention with sex offenders. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Hoffman, M. L. (2000). Empathy and moral development. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Iacoboni, M. (2008). Mirroring people: The new science of how we connect with others. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Iacoboni, M., & Dapretto, M. (2006). The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its dysfunction. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7, 942–951.
  • Jackson, P. L., Meltzoff, A. N., & Decety, J. (2006). Neural circuits involved in imitation and perspective-taking. NeuroImage, 31(1), 429–439.
  • Joliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P., (2006). Development and validation of the basic empathy scale. Journal of Adolescence, 29(4), 589–611.
  • Kaplan, J. T., & Iacoboni, M. (2006). Getting a grip on other minds: Mirror neurons, intention understanding, and cognitive empathy. Social Neuroscience, 1(3/4), 175–183.
  • Kaplowitz, D. (1967). Teaching empathic responsiveness in the supervisory process of psychotherapy. Journal of Psychotherapy, 4, 774-781.
  • Kohut, H. (1982). Introspection, empathy, and the semi-circle of mental health. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 63, 395–408.
  • Laub, D., & Auerhahn, N. C. (1989). Failed empathy— A central theme in the survivor's Holocaust experience. Psychoana lytic Psychology, 6, 377–400.
  • Leuchtenburg, W. E. (1963). Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
  • Levitt, J. T., Brown, T. A., Orsillo, S. M., & Barlow, D. H. (2004). The effects of acceptance versus suppression of emotion on subjective and psychophysiological response to carbon dioxide challenge in patients with panic disorder. Behavior Therapy, 35(4), 747–766.
  • Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Loeb, P. R. (1999). Soul of a citizen: Living with conviction in a cynical time. New York, NY: St. Martin's.
  • Long, D. D., Tice, C. J., & Morrison, J. D. (2006). Macro social work practice: A strengths perspective. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Brooks Cole.
  • Masur, C. (2009). Parent–infant psychotherapy. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 57(2), 467–473.
  • Medina, J. (2009). Brain rules: 12 principles for surviving and thriving at work home and school. Seattle, WA: Pear Press.
  • Mishara, B. L., Chagnon, F., Daigle, M., Balan, B., Raymond, S., Marcoux, I., . . . & Berman, A. (2007). Which helper behaviors and intervention styles are related to better short-term outcomes in telephone crisis intervention? Results from a silent monitoring study of calls to the U.S. 1-800-SUICIDE network. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37(3), 308–321.
  • Moreno, J. J. (1999). Ancient sources and modern applications: The creative arts in psychodrama. Arts in Psychotherapy, 26(2), 95–101.
  • National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Encyclopedia of social work (20th ed.). Washington, DC: National Associa tion of Social Workers and the Oxford Press.
  • Pearson, B. L., Russ, S. W., & Cain Spannagel, S. A. (2008). Pretend play and positive psychology: Natural companions. Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 110–119.
  • Perry, B. D. (2002). Childhood experience and the expression of genetic potential: What childhood neglect tells us about nature and nurture. Brain and Mind, 3, 79–100.
  • Pfeifer, J. H., Iacoboni, M., Mazziotta, J. C., & Dapretto, M. (2008). Mirroring others' emotions relative to empathy and interpersonal competence in children. Neuro-Image, 39, 2076–2085.
  • Pithers, W. (1999). Empathy: Definition, enhance ment, and relevance to the treatment of sexual abusers. Journal of Inter personal Violence, 14(3), 257–284.
  • Raines, J. C. (1990). Empathy in clinical social work. Clinical Social Work Journal, 18(1), 5772.
  • Ramachandran, V. S. (2000). Mirror neurons and imitation learning as the driving force behind "the great leap forward" in human evolution. Retrieved from http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/ramachandran/ramachandran_index.html
  • Rizzolatti, G., & Craighero, L. (2004). The mirror neuron system. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 27, 169–192.
  • Rogers, A. (2006). Human behavior in the social environment: New directions in social work. Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill.
  • Sale, E., Bellamy, N., Springer, J., & Wang, M. (2008). Quality of provider–participant relationships and enhancement of adolescent social skills. Journal of Primary Prevention, 29(3), 263–278.
  • Saleebey, D. (2006). The strengths perspective in social work practice. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Schachter, H. M., Girardi, A., Ly, M., Lacroix, D., Lumb, A. B., van Berkom, J., & Gill, R. (2008). Effects of school-based interventions on mental health stigmatization: A systematic review. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2(18), 1–14.
  • Schulte-Ruther, M., Markowitsch, H. J., Fink, G. R., & Piefke, M. (2008). Mirror neuron and theory of mind mechanisms involved in face-to-face interactions: A functional magnetic resonance imaging approach to empathy. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19(8), 1354–1372.
  • Schwartz, J. M., & Begley, S. (2003). The mind and the brain: Neuroplasticity and the power of mental force. New York, NY: Harper Perennial.
  • Segal, E. A. (2006). Welfare as we should know it: Social empathy and welfare reform. In K. M. Kilty & E. A. Segal (Eds.), The promise of welfare reform: Rhetoric or reality? (pp. 265–274). Binghamton, NY: Haworth.
  • Segal, E. A. (2007a). Social empathy: A new paradigm to address poverty. Journal of Poverty: Innovations on Social, Political & Economic Inequalities, 11(3), 65–81.
  • Segal, E. A. (2007b). Social empathy: A tool to address the contradiction of working but still poor. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Sciences, 88, 333–337.
  • Segal, E. A. (2008). Welfare reform: The need for social empathy. In I. Colby (Ed.), Comprehen sive handbook of social work and social welfare, Volume 4: Social policy and social practice (pp. 371–384). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Sheafor, B. W., & Horejsi, C. R. (2006). Technique and guidelines for social work practice. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Stern, D. N. (1985). The interpersonal world of the infant: A view from psychoanalysis & developmental psychology. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Vinton, L. (1994). An evaluation of the use of videotape in teaching empathy. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 9(1/2), 71–85.
  • Wilmer, H. A. (1968). The doctor–patient relationship and issues of pity, sympathy and empathy. British Journal of Medical Psy chology, 41, 243–248.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.