References

• Altinyazar V, Yuksel N. Combination treatments in schizophrenia. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011; 21(4): 368–80. (Turkish).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anil AE, Turgut IT, Rezaki M, Gogus A. A review on augmentation of clozapine treatment. Turk Psikiyatri Derg-Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2002; 13(1): 65–77. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Soylu C, Bilici M, Bekaroglu M, Yildirim F. The efficacy of clozapine in a group treatment-resistant schizopherenic patients. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 1999; 9(1): 34–8. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Sertoz OO, Akdeniz F, Vahip S. Clozapine treatment in bipolar and schizoaffective disorders: a retrospective study. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2002; 12(3): 142–7. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Kisa C, Yalcin ES, Goka E. Agranulocytosis induced with atypical antipsychotics: a case report. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2001; 11(3): 187–91. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Alvir JM, Lieberman JA, Safferman AZ, Schwimmer JL, Schaaf JA. Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Incidence and risk factors in the United States. N Engl J Med 1993; 329(3): 162–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller DD. Review and management of clozapine side effects. J Clin Psychiatry 2000; 61(8): 14–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Uzun O, Ozsahin A, Ozmenler KN, Doruk A, Battal S. Clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: followed-up study for three years. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2000; 10(2): 74–80. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Agid O, Foussias G, Singh S, Remington G. Where to position clozapine: re-examining the evidence. Can J Pscyhiatry 2010; 55(10): 677–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naumann R, Felber W, Heilemann H, Reuster T. Olanzapine induced agranulocytosis. Lancet 1999; 354(9178): 566–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkel B, Lerner AG, Oyffe I, Sigal M. Risperidone-associated agranulocytosis. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155(6): 855–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruhe' HG, Becker HE, Jessurun P, Marees CH, Heeringa M, Vermeulen HD. Agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia associated with quetiapine. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001; 104(4): 311–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pai NB, Laidlaw M, Vella SC. Augmentation of clozapine with another pharmacological agent: treatment for refractory schizophrenia in the ‘real world’. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012; 126(1): 40–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag HA, Kisa C, Goka E. Augmentation approaches in scizophrenic patients resistant to clozapine: a review. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi—Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 11(4): 343–50. (Turkish).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag HA, Kisa C, Bekki G, Goka E. Augmentation of clozapine with pimozide: a case of a treatment-resistant schizophrenic patient. Noropsikiyatri Arşivi-Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2010; 47(1): 74–7. (Turkish).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yagcioglu AE, Gurel CS. Atypical Antipsychotic. Yuksel N (editor). Essential Psychopharmacology. The Psychiatric Association of Turkey; 2010. p 821–5. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Schatzberg AF, Cole JO, DeBattista C (editors). Antipsychotic Drugs. Manual of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 6th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc; 2007. p. 159–253.
   Google Scholar
• Ozalmete OA, Ozalmete EO, Ceylan ME, Sevim ME. Causes of antipsychotic polypharmacy in schizophrenia treatment. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni- Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2009; 19(1): 68–74. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Ananth J, Parameswaran S, Gunatilake S. Antipsychotic Polypharmacy. Curr Pharm Des 2004; 10(18): 2231–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ensari H, Ceylan ME, Kilinc E, Kenar J. Quality assessment of psychopharmacological treatment in mental health hospitals in Turkey. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2004; 14(2): 68–78. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Boke O, Sarisoy G, Akbas S, Aker S, Korkmaz S, Aker AA, et al. Combined antipyschotic prescription for inpatients: A retrospective study. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2006; 16(3): 167–73. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Centorrino F, Goren JL, Hennen J, Salvotore P, Kelleher JP, Baldessarini RJ. Multiple versus single antipsychotic agents for hospitalized Psychiatric Patients: Case-control study of risks versus benefits. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161(4): 700–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddington JL, Youseff HA, Kinsella A. Mortality in schizophrenia. Antipsychotic polypharmacy and absence of adjunctive anticholinergic over the course of a 10-year prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 1998; 173(4): 325–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anıl Yagcioglu AE, Kıvırcık Akdede BB, Turgut TI, Tumuklu M, Yazıcı MK, Alptekin K, et al. A double blind controlled study of adjunctive treatment with risperidone in schizophrenic patients partially responsive to clozaphine: efficacy and safety. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66(1)63–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbui C, Signoretti A, Mulè S, Boso M, Cipriani A. Does the addition of a second antipsychotic drug improve clozapine treatment? Schizophr Bull 2009; 35(2): 458–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor DM, Smith L. Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic-a metaanalysis of randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2009; 119(6): 419–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genc Y. Taner E, Candansayar S. Comparison of clozapine-amisulpride and clozapine-quetiapine combinations for patients with schizophrenia who are partially responsive to clozapine: a single-blind randomized study. Adv Ther 2007; 24(1): 1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naber D, Holzbach R, Perro C, Hippius H. Clinical management of clozapine patients in relation to efficacy and side effects. Br J Psychiatry 1992; 160(5): 54–9.
   Google Scholar
• Nooijen PM, Carvalho F, Flanagan RJ. Haematological toxicity of clozapine and some other drugs used in psychiatry. Hum Psychopharmacol 2011; 26(2): 112–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garbe E. Non-chemotherapy drug-induced agranulocytosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2007; 6(3): 323–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahdelma L, Oja S, Korhonen M, Andersson LC. Clozapine is cytotoxic to primary cultures of human bone marrow mesenchymalstromal cells. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2010; 30(4): 461–3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amsler HA, Teerenhovi L, Barth E, Harjula K, Vuopio P. Agranulocytosis in patients treated with clozapine. A study of the Finnish epidemic. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1977; 56(4): 241–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naber D. Optimizing clozapine treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60(Suppl. 12): S35–S8.
   Google Scholar
• Herken H, Kaya N, Besiroglu L, Derman H, Ozkan I. A comparison of efficacy and safety of clozapine and sulpiride in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni—Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 1999; 9(3): 148–51. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Godleski LS, Sernyak MJ. Agranulocytosis after addition of risperidone to clozapine treatment. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153(5): 735–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hummer M, Kurz M, Barnas C, Saria A, Fleischhacker WW. Clozapine-induced transient white blood count disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55(10): 429–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uzun O. Schizophrenia: A Pharmacological Treatment Manual, Istanbul: Published by Turkish Association for Psychopharmacology; 2008. p. 33–35. (Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• Naheed M, Gren B. Focus on clozapine. Curr Med Res Opin 2001; 17(3): 223–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosar B, Taner EM, Eser YH, Altınoz EA, Tarhan R. Does swithing to another antipsychotic in patients with clozapine-associated granulocytopenia solve the problem? J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 31(2): 169–73.
   Google Scholar
• Cowan C, Oakley C. Leukopenia and neutropenia induced by quetiapine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007; 31(1): 292–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JN, Lee BC, Choi IG, Jon DI, Jung MH. Paliperidone-induced leukopenia and neutropenia: a case report. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011; 35(1): 284–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lander M, Bastiampillai T. Neutropenia associated with quetiapine, olanzapine, and aripiprazole. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2011; 45(1): 89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalcin DO, Goka E, Aydemir MC, Kisa C. Is aripiprazole the only choice of treatment of the patients who developed anti-psychotic agents-induced leukopenia and neutropenia? A case report. J Psychopharmacol 2008; 22(3): 333–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyson SC, Devane CL, Risch SC. Pharmacokinetic interaction between risperidone and clozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152(9): 140–2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josiassen RC, Joseph A, Kohegyi E, Stokes S, Dadvand M, Paing WW et al. Clozapine augmented with risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162(1): 130–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar