Publication Cover
Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
Journal canadien de télédétection
Volume 39, 2013 - Issue sup1
343
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

Study of bat flight behavior by combining thermal image analysis with a LiDAR forest reconstruction

, , , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages S112-S125 | Received 09 Jan 2012, Accepted 21 Jul 2013, Published online: 04 Jun 2014

References

  • Abdel-Aziz, Y.I., and Karara, H.M. 1971. Direct linear transformation from comparator coordinates into object space coordinates in close-range photogrammetry. In American Society of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, VA, USA. pp. 18.
  • Anderson, J., Martin, M.E., Smith, M.L., Dubayah, R.O., Hofton, M.A., Hyde, P., Peterson, B.E., Blair, J.B. and Knox, R.G. The use of waveform LiDAR to measure northern temperate mixed conifer and deciduous forest structure in New Hampshire. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2006. Vol. 105, No. 3, pp. 248-261. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2006.07.001
  • Anderson, J.E., Plourde, L.C., Martin, M.E., Braswell, B.H., Smith, M.L., Dubayah, R.O., Hofton, M.A. and Blair, J.B. Integrating waveform LiDAR with hyperspectral imagery for inventory of a northern temperate forest. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2008. Vol. 112, No. 4, pp. 1856-1870. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2007.09.009
  • Bass, M.S., Finer, M., Jenkins, C.N., Kreft, H., Cisneros-Heredia, D.F., McCracken, S.F., Pitman, N.C.A., English, P.H., Swing, K. and Villa, G. Global conservation significance of Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. PloS one. 2010. Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. e8767. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008767
  • Bernard, E. Vertical stratification of bat communities in primary forests of Central Amazon, Brazil. Journal of Tropical Ecology. 2001. Vol. 17, No. 01, pp. 115-126. doi: 10.1017/S0266467401001079
  • Betke, M., Hirsh, D.E., Bagchi, A., Hristov, N.I., Makris, N.C., and Kunz, T.H. 2007. Tracking large variable numbers of objects in clutter. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), June, Minneapolis, MN, USA. pp. 8.
  • Betke, M., Hirsh, D.E., Makris, N.C., McCracken, G.F., Procopio, M., Hristov, N.I., Tang, S., Bagchi, A., Reichard, J.D. and Horn, J.W. Thermal imaging reveals significantly smaller Brazilian free-tailed bat colonies than previously estimated. Journal of Mammalogy. 2008. Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 18-24. doi: 10.1644/07-MAMM-A-011.1
  • Betke, M., Wu, Z., Immermann, E., Theriault, D.H., and Permerlani, L. 2010. EcoTracker: Software to annotate thermal videos of bats by visual inspection, detect and track bats automatically, and reconstruct their three-dimensional flight paths.
  • Bienert, A., Scheller, S., Keane, E., Mohan, F., and Nugent, C. 2007. Tree detection and diameter estimations by analysis of forest terrestrial laserscanner point clouds. In ISPRS WG III/3 III/4 V/3 VIII/11 Workshop on “Laser Scanning 2007 and SilviLaser 2007”, 12–14 Sep, 2007, Espoo, Finland. pp. 50–55.
  • Bienert, A., Scheller, S., Keane, E., Mullooly, G., and Mohan, F. 2006. Application of terrestrial laser scanners for the determination of forest inventory parameters. In ISPRS Commission V Symposium on “Image Engineering and Vision Metrology”, 25–27 Sep, 2006, Dresden, Germany. pp. Part 5.
  • Blair, J.B., Rabine, D.L. and Hofton, M.A. The laser vegetation imaging sensor: a medium-altitude, digitisation-only, airborne laser altimeter for mapping vegetation and topography. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 1999. Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 115-122. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2716(99)00002-7
  • Bolle, R.M. and Vemuri, B.C. On three-dimensional surface reconstruction methods. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 1991. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 1-13. doi: 10.1109/34.67626
  • Bonaccorso, F.J. Foraging and reproductive ecology in a Panamanian bat community. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum. 1979. Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 359-408.
  • Calders, K., Verbesselt, J., Bartholomeus, H.M., and Herold, M. 2011. Applying terrestrial LiDAR to derive gap fraction distribution time series during bud break. In Proceedings SilviLaser 2011, 11th international LiDAR forest applications conference, 16–20 Oct. 2011, Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania
  • Cleveland, C.J., Betke, M., Federico, P., Frank, J.D., Hallam, T.G., Horn, J., López Jr, J.D., McCracken, G.F., Medellín, R.A. and Moreno-Valdez, A. Economic value of the pest control service provided by Brazilian free-tailed bats in south-central Texas. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2006. Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 238-243. doi: 10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0238:EVOTPC]2.0.CO;2
  • Cryan, P., Diehl, R., Kunz, T.H., and Parsons, S. 2008. Analyzing bat migration. In Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Edited by T.H. Kunz, and S. Parsons. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Culvenor, D.S., Jupp, D.L.B., Lovell, J.L., and Newnham, G.J. 2005. Evaluation and validation of canopy laser radar systems for native and plantation forest inventory – Summary Report (FWPRDC: PN 02.3902). Forest & Wood Products Research & Development Corporation, Melbourne.
  • Fenton, M.B. The foraging behavior and ecology of animal-eating bats. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 1990. Vol. 68, No. 3, pp. 411-422. doi: 10.1139/z90-061
  • Fleck, S., Obertreiber, N., Schmidt, I., Braunsa, M., Jungkunst, H.F., and Leuschner, C. 2007. Terrestrial LiDAR measurements for analysing canopy structure in an old-growth forest. In ISPRS WG III/3 III/4 V/3 VIII/11 Workshop on “Laser Scanning 2007 and SilviLaser 2007”, 12–14 Sep, 2007, Espoo, Finland pp. 125–129.
  • FLIR 2005. The Ultimate Infrared Handbook for R&D Professionals. In The Ultimate Resource Guide for Using Infrared in the Research and Development Industry.
  • Forbriger, M., Höfle, B., Siart, C., Schittek, K., and Bubenzer, O. 2012. High-resolution terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) on cushion peatlands-a case study from the Peruvian Andes. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. pp. 11485.
  • Gillam, E.H., McCracken, G.F., Westbrook, J.K., Lee, Y.F., Jensen, M.L. and Balsley, B.B. Bats aloft: variability in echolocation call structure at high altitudes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 2009. Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 69-79. doi: 10.1007/s00265-009-0819-1
  • Hartley, R., and Zisserman, A. 2004. Multiple view geometry in computer vision. 2nd edition. University Press, Cambridge.
  • Heithaus, E.R., Fleming, T.H. and Opler, P.A. Foraging patterns and resource utilization in seven species of bats in a seasonal tropical forest. Ecology. 1975. Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 841-854. doi: 10.2307/1936295
  • Hodgkison, R., Balding, S.T., Zubaid, A. and Kunz, T.H. Fruit bats (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) as seed dispersers and pollinators in a lowland malaysian rain forest. Biotropica. 2003. Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 491-502.
  • Holderied, M.W., and Jones, G. 2009. Flight dynamics. Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, USA, pp. 459–475.
  • Holderied, M.W., Korine, C., Fenton, M.B., Parsons, S., Robson, S. and Jones, G. Echolocation call intensity in the aerial hawking bat Eptesicus bottae (Vespertilionidae) studied using stereo videogrammetry. Journal of Experimental Biology. 2005. Vol. 208, pp. 1321-1327. doi: 10.1242/jeb.01528
  • Hristov, N.I., Betke, M. and Kunz, T.H. Applications of thermal infrared imaging for research in aeroecology. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 2008. Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 50. doi: 10.1093/icb/icn053
  • Hristov, N.I., Betke, M., Theriault, D.E.H., Bagchi, A. and Kunz, T.H. Seasonal variation in colony size of Brazilian free-tailed bats at Carlsbad Cavern based on thermal imaging. Journal of Mammalogy. 2010. Vol. 91, No. 1, pp. 183-192. doi: 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-391R.1
  • Jung, K., Kaiser, S., Böhm, S., Nieschulze, J. and Kalko, E.K. Moving in three dimensions: effects of structural complexity on occurrence and activity of insectivorous bats in managed forest stands. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2012. Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 523-531. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02116.x
  • Jupp, D.L.B., Culvenor, D.S., Lovell, J.L., Newnham, G.J., Strahler, A.H. and Woodcock, C.E. Estimating forest LAI profiles and structural parameters using a ground-based laser called ‘Echidna®’. Tree Pysiology. 2009a. Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 171-181. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpn022
  • Jupp, D.L.B., Culvenor, D.S., Lovell, J.L., Newnham, G.J., Strahler, A.H. and Woodcock, C.E. Estimating forest LAI profiles and structural parameters using a ground-based laser called ‘Echidna®’. Tree physiology. 2009b. Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 171. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpn022
  • Kalko, E.K.V. and Handley, C.O. Neotropical bats in the canopy: diversity, community structure, and implications for conservation. Plant Ecology. 2001. Vol. 153, No. 1, pp. 319-333. doi: 10.1023/A:1017590007861
  • Kastberger, G. and Stachl, R. Infrared imaging technology and biological applications. Behavior Research Methods. 2003. Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 429-439. doi: 10.3758/BF03195520
  • Kimes, D.S., Ranson, K.J., Sun, G. and Blair, J.B. Predicting LiDAR measured forest vertical structure from multi-angle spectral data. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2006. Vol. 100, No. 4, pp. 503-511. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2005.11.004
  • Krusic, R.A., Yamasaki, M., Neefus, C.D. and Pekins, P.J. Bat habitat use in white mountain national forest. The Journal of Wildlife Management. 1996. Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 625-631. doi: 10.2307/3802081
  • Kunz, T.H. 2004. Foraging habits of North American insectivorous bats. Bat Echolocation Research: Tools, Techniques, and Analysis. Edited by R.M. Brigham, E.K.V. Kalko, G. Jones, S. Parsons, and H.J.G.A. Limpens. Bat Conservation International, Austin, TX. pp. 13–25.
  • Kunz, T.H., Gauthreaux, S.A., Hristov, N.I., Horn, J.W., Jones, G., Kalko, E.K.V., Larkin, R.P., McCracken, G.F., Swartz, S.M. and Srygley, R.B. Aeroecology: probing and modeling the aerosphere. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 2008. Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 1. doi: 10.1093/icb/icn037
  • Kurta, A. and Baker, R.H. Eptesicus fuscus. Mammalian Species. 1990. No. 356, pp. 1-10. doi: 10.2307/3504258
  • Lacki, M.J., Hayes, J.P., and Kurta, A. 2007. Bats in forests: conservation and management. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
  • Meyer, C.F.J., Kalko, E.K.V. and Kerth, G. Small scale fragmentation effects on local genetic diversity in two phyllostomid bats with different dispersal abilities in Panama. Biotropica. 2009. Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 95-102. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00443.x
  • Omasa, K., Hosoi, F., Uenishi, T.M., Shimizu, Y. and Akiyama, Y. Three-dimensional modeling of an urban park and trees by combined airborne and portable on-ground scanning LiDAR remote sensing. Environmental Modeling and Assessment. 2008. Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 473-481. doi: 10.1007/s10666-007-9115-5
  • Parker, G.G. and Brown, M.J. Forest canopy stratification—is it useful. American Naturalist. 2000. Vol. 155, No. 4, pp. 473-484. doi: 10.1086/303340
  • Parsons, S., and Szewczak, J.M. 2009. Detecting, recording, and analyzing the vocalizations of bats. In Ecological and Behavioral Methods for the Study of Bats. 2nd edition. Edited by T.H. Kunz, and S. Parsons. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
  • Schnitzler, H.U., and Kalko, E.K.V. 1998. How echolocating bats search and find food. Bat biology and conservation. Edited by T.H. Kunz and P.A. Racey. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. pp. 183–196.
  • Schull, M.A., Ganguly, S., Samanta, A., Huang, D., Shabanov, N.V., Jenkins, J.P., Chiu, J.C., Marshak, A., Blair, J.B. and Myneni, R.B. Physical interpretation of the correlation between multi-angle spectral data and canopy height. Geophysical Research Letters. 2007. Vol. 34, No. 18, pp. L18405. doi: 10.1029/2007GL031143
  • Simmons, J.A. Big brown bats and June beetles: multiple pursuit strategies in a seasonal acoustic predator–prey system. Acoustics Research Letters Online. 2005. Vol. 6, pp. 238. doi: 10.1121/1.1985957
  • Strahler, A.H., Jupp, D.L.B., Woodcock, C.E., Schaaf, C.B., Yao, T., Zhao, F., Yang, X., Lovell, J.L., Culvenor, D.S., Newnham, G.J., Ni-miester, W. and Boykin-morris, W. Retrieval of forest structural parameters using a ground-based LiDAR instrument (Echidna®). Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing. 2008. Vol. 34, pp. 5426-5440. doi: 10.5589/m08-046
  • Strahler, A.H., Woodcock, C.E., Schaaf, C.B., Myneni, R.B., Ni-Meister, W., Liu, J., Newnham, G.J., Culvenor, D.S., Jupp, D.L.B. and Lovell, J.L. Rapid retrieval of forest structure using an under-canopy, upward-scanning LiDAR (Echina®). Eos, Transactions. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. 2007. Vol. 88, pp. 52.
  • Strahler, A.H., Yao, T., Zhao, F. and Yang, X. Vegetation structure and 3-D reconstruction of forests using ground-based Echidna® LiDAR. Eos, Transactions. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. 2009. Vol. 90, pp. 52.
  • Theriault, D.H., Wu, Z., Hristov, N.I., Swartz, S.M., Breuer, K.S., Kunz, T.H., and Betke, M. 2010. Reconstruction and analysis of 3D trajectories of Brazilian free-tailed bats in flight. In Computer Science Technique Report BUCS-TR-2010-027 (pp. 1–7): Boston Univeristy, Boston, Mass.
  • Thies, W. and Kalko, E.K.V. Phenology of neotropical pepper plants (Piperaceae) and their association with their main dispersers, two short-tailed fruit bats, Carollia perspicillata and C. castanea (Phyllostomidae). Oikos. 2004. Vol. 104, No. 2, pp. 362-376. doi: 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12747.x
  • Thies, W., Kalko, E.K.V. and Schnitzler, H.U. Influence of environment and resource availability on activity patterns of Carollia castanea (Phyllostomidae) in Panama. Journal of Mammalogy. 2006. Vol. 87, No. 2, pp. 331-338. doi: 10.1644/05-MAMM-A-161R1.1
  • Vaccari, S., van Leeuwen, M., Calders, K., Coops, N.C. and Herold, M. Bias in LiDAR-based canopy gap fraction estimates. Remote Sensing Letters. 2013. Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 391-399. doi: 10.1080/2150704X.2012.742211
  • Weinbeer, M. and Kalko, E.K.V. Morphological characteristics predict alternate foraging strategy and microhabitat selection in the orange bellied bat, Lampronycteris brachyotis. Journal of Mammalogy. 2004. Vol. 85, No. 6, pp. 1116-1123. doi: 10.1644/BWG-206.1
  • Wu, Z., Hristov, N.I., Hedrick, T.L., Kunz, T.H., and Betke, M. 2009a. Tracking a large number of objects from multiple views. In IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), September/October, Kyoto Japan. pp. 8.
  • Wu, Z., Hristov, N.I., Kunz, T.H., and Betke, M. 2009b. Tracking-reconstruction or reconstruction-tracking? Comparison of two multiple hypothesis tracking approaches to interpret 3D object motion from several camera views. In Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (WMVC) Snowbird, December, Utah. pp. 8.
  • Yang, X., Strahler, A.H., Schaaf, C.B., Jupp, D.L.B., Yao, T., Zhao, F., Wang, Z., Culvenor, D.S., Newnham, G.J., Lovell, J.L., Dubayah, R.O., woodcock, C.E. and Ni-Meister, W. Three-dimensional forest reconstruction and structural parameter retrievals using a terrestrial full-waveform LiDAR instrument (Echidna®). Remote Sensing of Environment. 2013. Vol. 135, pp. 36-51. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.03.020
  • Yao, T., Yang, X., Zhao, F., Wang, Z., Zhang, Q., Jupp, D.L.B., Culvenor, D.S., Newnham, G.J., Ni-Meister, W., Schaaf, C.B., Woodcock, C.E. and Strahler, A.H. Measuring forest structure and biomass in New England forest stands using Echidna® ground-based LiDAR. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2011. Vol. 115, No. 11, pp. 2965-2974. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.03.019
  • Zhao, F., Strahler, A.H., Schaaf, C.L., Yao, T., Yang, X., Wang, Z., Schull, M.A., Román, M.O., Woodcock, C.E. and Olofsson, P. Measuring gap fraction, element clumping index and LAI in Sierra Forest stands using a full-waveform ground-based LiDAR. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2012. Vol. 125, pp. 73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2012.07.007
  • Zhao, F., Yang, X., Schull, M.A., Roman, M., Yao, T., Wang, Z., Zhang, Q., Jupp, D.L.B., Culvenor, D.S., Newnham, G.J., Ni-Meister, W., Schaaf, C.B., Woodcock, C.E., Strahler, A.H. and Richardson, A. Measuring effective leaf area index, foliage profile, and stand height in New England forest stands using Echidna® Validation Instrument (EVI) ground-based LiDAR. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2011. Vol. 115, No. 11, pp. 2954-2964. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.08.030
  • Zimmerman, G.S. and Glanz, W.E. Habitat use by bats in eastern Maine. The Journal of Wildlife Management. 2000. Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 1032-1040. doi: 10.2307/3803214

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.