Monitoring forest regrowth following large scale fire using satellite data-A case study of Yellowstone National Park, USA-

References

• Adams J.B., Sabol D.E., Kapos V., Filho R.A., Roberts D.A., Smith M.O., Gillespie A.R. (1995)—Classification of multispectral images based on fractions of endmembers: Application to land-cover change in the Brazilian Amazon. Remote Sensing of Environment, 52 (2): 137–154. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(94)00098-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen J.L., Sorbel B. (2008)—Assessing the Normalized Burn Ratio's ability to map burn severity in the boreal forest and tundra ecosystems of Alaska's national parks. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 17: 463–475. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08034.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson G.L., Hanson J.D., Haas R.H. (1993)—Evaluating Landsat Thematic Mapper derived vegetation indices for estimating above-ground biomass on semiarid rangelands. Remote Sensing of Environment, 45: 165–175. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(93)90040-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernhardt-Römermann M., Gray A., Vanbergen A. J., Bergès L., Bohner A., Brooker R. W., De Bruyn L., De Cinti B., Dirnböck T., Grandin U., Hester A. J., Kanka R., Klotz S., Loucougaray G., Lundin L., Matteucci G., Mészáros I., Oláh V., Preda E., Prévosto B., Pykälä J., Schmidt W., Taylor M. E., Vadineanu A., Waldmann T., Stadler J. (2011)—Functional traits and local environment predict vegetation responses to disturbance: a pan-European multi-site experiment. Journal of Ecology, 99: 777–787. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01794.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessie W.C., Johnson E.A. (1995)—The relative importance of fuels and weather on fire behavior in subalpine forests. Ecology, 76: 747–762. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J.M., Black T.A. (1992)—Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 57: 1–12. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(91)90074-Z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cocke A.E., Fulé P.Z., Crouse J.E. (2005)—Comparison of burn severity assessments using Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio and ground data. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14: 189–198. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF04010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corona P., Lamonaca A., Chirici G. (2008)—Remote sensing support for post fire forest management. iForest, 1: 6–12. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3832/ifor0305-0010006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crabtree R., Potter C., Mullen R., Sheldon J., Huang S., Harmsen J., Rodman A., Jean C. (2009)—A modeling and spatio-temporal analysis framework for monitoring environmental change using NPP as an ecosystem indicator. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113: 1486–1496. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.10167/.rse.2008.12.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eidenshink J., Schwind B., Brewer K., Zhu Z., Quayle B., Howard S. (2007)—A project for monitoring trends in burn severity. Fire Ecology, 3 (1): 3–21. doi: IND44041099.
   Google Scholar
• Franke M.A. (2000)—The Role of Fire in Yellowstone. Yellowstone in the Afterglow. National Park Service. Available at: http://www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/upload/chapter2.pdf (last accessed 9/01/2012).
   Google Scholar
• Freitas S.R., Longo K.M., Silva Dias M.A.F., Silva Dias P.L., Chatfield R., Prins E., Artaxo P., Grell G., Recuero F.S. (2005)—Monitoring the transport of biomass burning emissions in South America. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 5: 1–2. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10652-005-0243-7.
   Google Scholar
• Glenn E.P., Huete A.R., Nagler P.L., Nelson S.G. (2008)—Relationship between Remotely-Sensed Vegetation Indices, Canopy Attributes and Plant Physiological Processes: What Vegetation Indices Can and Cannot Tell us about the Landscape. Sensors, 8: 2136–2160. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s8042136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamon J.A., Field C.B., Goulden M.L., Griffin K.L., Hartley A.E., Joel G., Penuelas J., Valentini R. (1995)—Relationships between NDVI, Canopy Structure, and Photosynthesis in three Californian Vegetation types. Ecological Applications, 5 (1): 28–41. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1942049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris G.M., Jenkins C.N., Pimm S.L. (2005)—Refining Biodiversity Conservation Priorities. Conservation Biology, 19 (6): 1957–1968. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00307.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete A., Didan K., Miura T., Rodriguez E.P., Gao X., Ferreira L.G. (2002)—Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices. Remote Sensing of the Environment, 83: 195–213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00096-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houston D.B. (1973)—Wildfires in Northern Yellowstone National Park. Ecology 54 (5): 1111–1117. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1935577.
   Google Scholar
• Hoy E.E., French N.H., Turetsky M.R., Trigg S.N., Kasischke E.S. (2008)—Evaluating the potential of Landsat TM/ETM+ imagery for assessing fire severity in Alaskan black spruce forests. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 17: 500–514. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang C., Kim S., Altstatt A., Song K., Townshend J.R.G., Davis P., Rodas O., Yanosky A., Clay R., Tucker C.J., Musinsky J. (2009)—Assessment of Paraguay's Forest Cover Change Using Landsat Observations. Global and Planetary Change, 67: 1–12. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.12.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang S., Crabtree R. L., Potter C., Gross P. (2009)—Estimating the quantity and quality of coarse woody debris in Yellowstone post-fire forest ecosystem from fusion of SAR and optical data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113: 1926–1938. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.05.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurtt G.C., Dubayah R., Drake J., Moorcroft P., Pacala S., Fearon M. (2004)—Beyond Potential Vegetation: Combining Lidar Remote Sensing and a Height-Structured Ecosystem Model for Improved Estimates of Carbon Stocks and Fluxes. Ecological Applications, 14 (3): 873–883. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/02-5317.
   Google Scholar
• Kashian D.M., Tinker D.B., Turner M.G., Scarpace F.L. (2004)—Spatial heterogeneity of lodgepole pine sapling densities following the 1988 fires in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 34: 2263–2276. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-107.
   Google Scholar
• Key C.H., Benson N.C. (2005)—Landscape Assessment: Remote sensing of severity, the normalized burn ration; and ground measure of severity, the composite burn index. In: Lutes D.C., Keane R.E., Caratti J.F., Key C.H., Benson N.C., Gangi L.J. Eds., FIREMON: Fire effects monitoring and inventory system, Ogden, Utah: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Res. Station.
   Google Scholar
• Leimgruber P., Kelly D.S., Steininger M.K., Brunner J., Mueller T., Songer M. (2005)—Forest cover change patterns in Myanmar (Burma) 1990–2000. Environmental Conservation, 32: 356–364. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0376892905002493.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lentile L.B., Smith F.W., Shepherd W.D. (2005)—Patch structure, fire-scar formation, and tree regeneration in a large mixed-severity fire in the South Dakota Black Hills, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 35 (12): 2875–2885. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-205.
   Google Scholar
• Levitt E.A. (2006)—Sources of variation in soil nitrogen availability among post-fire lodgepole pine stands in Yellowstone National Park. MS Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
   Google Scholar
• Litton C.M., Ryan M.G., Knight D.H. (2004)—Effects of Tree Density and Stand Age on Carbon Allocation Patterns in Postfire Lodgepole Pine. Ecological Applications, 14 (2): 460–475. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/02-5291.
   Google Scholar
• Ludeke M., Janecek A., Kohlmaier G.H. (1991)—Modelling the seasonal CO2 uptake by land vegetation using the global vegetation index, Tellus, 43B: 188–196.
   Google Scholar
• Masek J.G., Vermote E.F., Saleous N., Wolfe R., Hall F.G., Huemmrich F., Gao F., Kutler J. Lim T.K. (2006)—A Landsat surface reflectance dataset for North America, 1990–2000. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 3: 68–72. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.857030.
   Google Scholar
• Powell S.L., Cohen W.B., Healey S.P., Kennedy R.E., Moisen G.G., Pierce K.B., Ohmann J.L. (2010)—Quantification of Live Aboveground Forest Biomass Dynamics with Landsat Time-Series and Field Inventory Data: A Comparison of Empirical Modeling Approaches. Remote Sensing of Environment 114: 1053–1068. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.12.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed R.A., Finley M.E., Romme W.H., Turner M.G. (1999)—Aboveground Net Primary Production and Leaf-Area Index in Early Postfire Vegetation in Yellowstone National Park. Ecosystems, 2: 88–94. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100219900061.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reese H., Nilsson M., Pahlén, T.G., Hagner O., Joyce S., Tingelöf U., Egberth M., Olsson H. (2003)—Countrywide estimates of forest variables using satellite data and field data from the National Forest Inventory. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 32 (8): 542–548.
   Google Scholar
• Renkin R.A., Despain D.G. (1992)—Fuel moisture, forest type, and lightning-caused fire in Yellowstone National Park. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22: 37–45. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riaño D., Chuvieco E., Ustin S., Zomer R., Dennison P., Roberts D., Salas J. (2002)—Assessment of the vegetation regeneration after fire through the multitemporal analysis of AVIRIS images in the Santa Monica Mountains. Remote Sensing of Environment, 79: 60–71. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00239-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romme W.H. (1982)—Fire and landscape diversity in subalpine forests of Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Monographs, 52 (2): 199–221. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1942611.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romme W.H., Despain D.G. (1989)—Historical perspective on the Yellowstone Fires of 1988. Bioscience, 39 (10): 696–699. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311000.
   Google Scholar
• Romme W.H., Boyce V., Gresswell R., Merrill E.H., Minshall G.W., Whitlock C., Turner M.G. (2011)—Twenty Years After the 1988 Yellowstone Fires: Lessons About Disturbance and Ecosystems. Ecosystems, 14 (7): 1196–1215. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9470-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder T.A., Cohen W.B., Yang Z. (2007)—Patterns of forest regrowth following clearcutting in western Oregon as determined from a Landsat time-series. Forest Ecology and Management, 243: 259–273. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schullery P. (1989)—The Fires and Fire Policy. Bioscience, 39 (10): 686–694. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1310999.
   Google Scholar
• Singer F., Schreier W., Oppenheim J., Garton E.O. (1989)—Drought, Fires, and Large Mammals. Bioscience, 39 (10): 716–722.
   Google Scholar
• Strahler A.H., Woodcock C.E., Smith J.A. (1986)—On the nature of models in remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment, 20: 121. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(86)90018-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka S., Kimura H., Suga Y. (1993)—Preparation of a 1:25000 Landsat map for assessment of Burnt area on Etaijima Island. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 4: 1731.
   Google Scholar
• Tucker C.J. (1979)—Red and Photographic Infrared Linear Combinations for Monitoring Vegetation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 8 (2): 127–150. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker C.J., Sellers P.J. (1986)—Satellite Remote Sensing of Primary Production. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 7:1395–1416. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431168608948944.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner M.G., Hargrove W.W., Gardner R.H., Romme W.H. (1994)—Effects of Fire on Landscape Heterogeneity in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Journal of Vegetation Science, 5 (5): 731–742. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3235886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner M.G., Romme W.H., Garner R.H. Hargrove W.W. (1997)—Effects of Fire Size and Pattern on Early Succession in Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Monographs, 67 (4): 411–433. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2963464.
   Google Scholar
• Turner M.G., Romme W.H., Gardner R.H. (1999)—Prefire heterogeneity, fire severity and plant reestablishment in subalpine forests of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 9: 21–36. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF99003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner M.G., Tinker D.B., Romme W.H., Kashian D.M., Litton C.M. (2004)—Landscape patterns of sapling density, leaf area, and aboveground net primary production in postfire lodgepole pine forests, Yellowstone National Park (USA). Ecosystems, 7: 751–775. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0011-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner M.G., Smithwick E.A.H., Tinker D.B., Romme W.H. (2009)—Variation in foliar nitrogen and above ground net primary production in young postfire lodgepole pine. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 39: 1024–1035. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X09-029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicente-Serrano S.M., Perez-Cabello F., Lasanta T. (2011)—Pinus halepensis regeneration after a wildfire in a semiarid environment: assessment using multitemporal Landsat images. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 20 (2): 195–208. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vila J.P.S., Barbosa P. (2010)—Post-fire vegetation regrowth detection in the DeivaMarina region (Liguria-Italy) using Landsat TM and ETM+ data. Ecological Modelling, 221: 75–84. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watt A.S. (1947)—Pattern and process in the plant community. Journal of Ecology, 35: 1–22. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2256497.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westerling A.L., Turner M.G., Smithwick E.A.H., Romme W.H., Ryan M.G. (2011)—Continued warming could transform Greater Yellowstone fire regimes by mid-21st century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108: 13165–13170. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1110199108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White J.D., Ryan K.C., Key C.C., Running S.W. (1996)—Remote sensing of forest fire severity and vegetation recovery. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 6: 125–136. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF9960125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J., Loucks O.L. (1995)—From balance of nature to hierarchical patch dynamics: a paradigm shift in ecology. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 70: 439–466. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF9960125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan F., Sawaya K.E., Loeffelholz B.C., Bauer M.E. (2005)—Land cover classification and change analysis of the Twin Cities (Minnesota) Metropolitan Area by multitemporal Landsat remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment, 98 (2–3): 317–328. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.08.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar