443
Views
100
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

IS HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM CARCINOGENIC VIA INGESTION? A WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE REVIEW

, , , , , & show all
Pages 701-746 | Published online: 07 Jan 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (13)

Shehnaz Islam, Sreejata Kamila & Ansuman Chattopadhyay. (2022) Toxic and carcinogenic effects of hexavalent chromium in mammalian cells in vivo and in vitro: a recent update. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C 40:3-4, pages 282-315.
Read now
Kelly A. Shipkowski, Christopher M. Sheth, Matthew J. Smith, Michelle J. Hooth, Kimber L. White$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & Dori R. Germolec. (2017) Assessment of immunotoxicity in female Fischer 344/N and Sprague Dawley rats and female B6C3F1 mice exposed to hexavalent chromium via the drinking water. Journal of Immunotoxicology 14:1, pages 215-227.
Read now
Aliya Naz, Abhiroop Chowdhury, Brijesh Kumar Mishra & Sunil Kumar Gupta. (2016) Metal pollution in water environment and the associated human health risk from drinking water: A case study of Sukinda chromite mine, India. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal 22:7, pages 1433-1455.
Read now
K. Guo, Y.F. Liu, C. Zeng, Y.Y. Chen & X.J. Wei. (2014) Global research on soil contamination from 1999 to 2012: A bibliometric analysis. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 64:5, pages 377-391.
Read now
Lorenz R. Rhomberg, Julie E. Goodman, Lisa A. Bailey, Robyn L. Prueitt, Nancy B. Beck, Christopher Bevan, Michael Honeycutt, Norbert E. Kaminski, Greg Paoli, Lynn H. Pottenger, Roberta W. Scherer, Kimberly C. Wise & Richard A. Becker. (2013) A survey of frameworks for best practices in weight-of-evidence analyses. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 43:9, pages 753-784.
Read now
Jennifer Sahmel, Kathryn Devlin, Dennis Paustenbach, Dana Hollins & Shannon Gaffney. (2010) The role of exposure reconstruction in occupational human health risk assessment: Current methods and a recommended framework. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 40:9, pages 799-843.
Read now
BrentD. Kerger, WilliamJ. Butler, DennisJ. Paustenbach, JianDong Zhang & ShuKun Li. (2009) Cancer Mortality in Chinese Populations Surrounding an Alloy Plant with Chromium Smelting Operations. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 72:5, pages 329-344.
Read now
Ulrich Harréus, Philipp Baumeister, Norbert Kleinsasser, Maximilian Reiter, Beatrice Bachmeier & Christoph Matthias. (2007) Genotoxic effects of metals on human salivary gland tissue and lymphocytes as detected by the Comet assay. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 89:2, pages 205-214.
Read now
RICHARDM. SEDMAN, JAY BEAUMONT, THOMASA. MCDONALD, STEPHEN REYNOLDS, GAIL KROWECH & ROBERT HOWD. (2006) Review of the Evidence Regarding the Carcinogenicity of Hexavalent Chromium in Drinking Water. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C 24:1, pages 155-182.
Read now
RobertA. Yokel, StephenM. Lasley & DavidC. Dorman. (2006) The Speciation of Metals in Mammals Influences Their Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics and Therefore Human Health Risk Assessment . Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 9:1, pages 63-85.
Read now
Max Costa & Catherine B. Klein. (2006) Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of Chromium Compounds in Humans. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 36:2, pages 155-163.
Read now
Dennis Paustenbach, Brent Finley, Fionna Mowat & Brent Kerger. (2003) Human Health Risk and Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI) in Tap Water. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 66:14, pages 1295-1339.
Read now
Pamela R. D. Williams & Dennis J. Paustenbach. (2002) RISK CHARACTERIZATION: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 5:4, pages 337-406.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (87)

Pamela R.D. Williams & Dennis J. Paustenbach. 2024. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 263 331 .
Pratiksha Joshi, Sweta Mehta, Ramesh N. Goswami, Manoj Srivastava, Anjan Ray & Om P. Khatri. (2024) Fruit waste-derived cellulose-polyaniline composite for adsorption-coupled reduction of chromium oxyanions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 31:6, pages 8719-8735.
Crossref
Leslie W. Touart. 2024. Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences.
Jennifer H. Toyoda, Julieta Martino, Rachel M. Speer, Idoia Meaza, Haiyan Lu, Aggie R. Williams, Alicia M. Bolt, Joseph Calvin Kouokam, Abou El-Makarim Aboueissa & John Pierce WiseSr.Sr.. (2023) Hexavalent Chromium Targets Securin to Drive Numerical Chromosome Instability in Human Lung Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25:1, pages 256.
Crossref
Brent D. Kerger & Anne E. Loccisano. 2003. Patty's Toxicology. Patty's Toxicology 1 24 .
Meesala Krishna Murthy, Pratima Khandayataray, Samprit Padhiary & Dibyaranjan Samal. (2023) A review on chromium health hazards and molecular mechanism of chromium bioremediation. Reviews on Environmental Health 38:3, pages 461-478.
Crossref
Wael I. Mortada, Ali El-Naggar, Ahmed Mosa, Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya, Balal Yousaf, Ronggui Tang, Shengsen Wang, Yanjiang Cai & Scott X. Chang. (2023) Biogeochemical behaviour and toxicology of chromium in the soil-water-human nexus: A review. Chemosphere 331, pages 138804.
Crossref
Maria-Nefeli Georgaki & Marianna Charalambous. (2023) Toxic chromium in water and the effects on the human body: a systematic review. Journal of Water and Health 21:2, pages 205-223.
Crossref
Aashna Monga, Abhay B. Fulke, Manisha D. Giripunje & Debjani Dasgupta. 2023. Chromium in Plants and Environment. Chromium in Plants and Environment 319 384 .
Jinhua Feng, Junnan Chen, Shuchang Wang, Miaomiao Jia, Zhiyu Zhang, Tongwen Yu & Ming Xue. (2022) Rational Design of Inhibitor-Encapsulated Bio-MOF-1 for Dual Corrosion Protection. Inorganic Chemistry 61:45, pages 18285-18292.
Crossref
Keshav Goyal, Harsh Goel, Pritika Baranwal, Aman Dixit, Fahad Khan, Niraj Kumar Jha, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Pratibha Pandey, Avanish Pandey, Mercilena Benjamin, Ankit Maurya, Vandana Yadav, Rana Suryauday Sinh, Pranay Tanwar, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay & Sandeep Mittan. (2021) Unravelling the molecular mechanism of mutagenic factors impacting human health. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29:41, pages 61993-62013.
Crossref
Aashna Monga, Abhay B. Fulke & Debjani Dasgupta. (2022) Recent developments in essentiality of trivalent chromium and toxicity of hexavalent chromium: Implications on human health and remediation strategies. Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances 7, pages 100113.
Crossref
Ramji Dubey, Pragya Verma & Sudhir Kumar. (2022) Cr (III) genotoxicity and oxidative stress: An occupational health risk for leather tannery workers of South Asian developing countries. Toxicology and Industrial Health 38:2, pages 112-126.
Crossref
Hong Sun & Max Costa. 2022. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals 197 220 .
Shalenie P. den Braver-Sewradj, Jan van Benthem, Yvonne C.M. Staal, Janine Ezendam, Aldert H. Piersma & Ellen V.S. Hessel. (2021) Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part II. Hazard assessment of carcinogenic effects. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 126, pages 105045.
Crossref
Ying‐Chu Chen, Chao‐Heng Tseng & Yun‐Ting Chen. (2021) Modeling transmission of hexavalent chromium concentration and its health cost with a water quality analysis simulation program. Water Environment Research 93:9, pages 1779-1788.
Crossref
Antoine Merlo & Grégoire Léonard. (2021) Magnetron Sputtering vs. Electrodeposition for Hard Chrome Coatings: A Comparison of Environmental and Economic Performances. Materials 14:14, pages 3823.
Crossref
Natasha B. Scott & Nicola S. Pocock. (2021) The Health Impacts of Hazardous Chemical Exposures among Child Labourers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18:10, pages 5496.
Crossref
Mohammad Ebrahim Haji Naghi Tehrani, Mohammad Ramezanzadeh & Bahram Ramezanzadeh. (2021) Highly-effective/durable method of mild-steel corrosion mitigation in the chloride-based solution via fabrication of hybrid metal-organic film (MOF) generated between the active Trachyspermum Ammi bio-molecules-divalent zinc cations. Corrosion Science 184, pages 109383.
Crossref
Mohammad M. Hassan & Khaled Saifullah. (2021) Sustainable dyeing and functionalization of jute fabric with a Chinese sumac gall-derived gallotannin using eco-friendly mordanting agents. Cellulose 28:8, pages 5055-5070.
Crossref
Damir Suljević, Jasmina Sulejmanović, Muhamed Fočak, Erna Halilović, Džemila Pupalović, Azra Hasić & Andi Alijagic. (2021) Assessing hexavalent chromium tissue-specific accumulation patterns and induced physiological responses to probe chromium toxicity in Coturnix japonica quail. Chemosphere 266, pages 129005.
Crossref
Tian-Yang Xu, Hong-Jiao Nie, Jia-Ming Li & Zhong-Feng Shi. (2020) Luminescent Zn(II)/Cd(II) coordination polymers based on 1-(tetrazol-5-H)-3,5-bis(1-triazole)benzene for sensing Fe3+, Cr2O72−, and CrO42− in water. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 287, pages 121342.
Crossref
Hong Sun & Mitchell D. Cohen. 2020. Environmental Toxicants. Environmental Toxicants 487 513 .
Md. Aminul Islam, Michael J. Angove & David W. Morton. (2019) Recent innovative research on chromium (VI) adsorption mechanism. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management 12, pages 100267.
Crossref
Chao-Heng Tseng, I-Hsuan Lee & Ying-Chu Chen. (2019) Evaluation of hexavalent chromium concentration in water and its health risk with a system dynamics model. Science of The Total Environment 669, pages 103-111.
Crossref
Kazuhiro YATERAYasuo MORIMOTOSusumu UENOShingo NOGUCHITakako KAWAGUCHIFumihiro TANAKAHideaki SUZUKIToshiaki HIGASHI. (2018) Cancer Risks of Hexavalent Chromium in the Respiratory Tract呼吸器系における六価クロムの発癌リスク. Journal of UOEH 40:2, pages 157-172.
Crossref
Elliott M. Hamilton, Scott D. Young, Elizabeth H. Bailey & Michael J. Watts. (2018) Chromium speciation in foodstuffs: A review. Food Chemistry 250, pages 105-112.
Crossref
Emmanuel Temiotan Ogbomida, Kate Omofonmwan, Igiogbe Aganmwonyi, Iriagbonse Priscillia Fasipe, Alex Enuneku & Lawrence I.N. Ezemonye. (2018) Bioactive profiling and therapeutic potential of mushroom (Pleurotus tuberregium) extract on Wistar albino rats (Ratus norvegicus) exposed to arsenic and chromium toxicity. Toxicology Reports 5, pages 401-410.
Crossref
Chao-Heng Tseng, Chieh Lei & Ying-Chu Chen. (2018) Evaluating the health costs of oral hexavalent chromium exposure from water pollution: A case study in Taiwan. Journal of Cleaner Production 172, pages 819-826.
Crossref
M.K. Manibusan & L.W. Touart. 2018. Comprehensive Toxicology. Comprehensive Toxicology 136 171 .
J.P. Beukes, S.P. du Preez, P.G. van Zyl, D. Paktunc, T. Fabritius, M. Päätalo & M. Cramer. (2017) Review of Cr(VI) environmental practices in the chromite mining and smelting industry – Relevance to development of the Ring of Fire, Canada. Journal of Cleaner Production 165, pages 874-889.
Crossref
Xiali Zhong, Xing Yi, Rita da Silveira e Sá, Yujing Zhang, Kaihua Liu, Fang Xiao & Caigao Zhong. (2017) CoQ10 Deficiency May Indicate Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cr(VI) Toxicity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18:4, pages 816.
Crossref
Xing Yi, Fang Xiao, Xiali Zhong, Yujie Duan, Kaihua Liu & Caigao Zhong. (2017) A Ca2+ chelator ameliorates chromium (VI)-induced hepatocyte L-02 injury via down-regulation of voltage-Dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) expression. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 49, pages 27-33.
Crossref
Muhammad Junaid, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Riffat Naseem Malik & De-Sheng Pei. (2016) Toxicity and oxidative stress induced by chromium in workers exposed from different occupational settings around the globe: A review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23:20, pages 20151-20167.
Crossref
Aliya Naz, Brijesh Kumar Mishra & Sunil Kumar Gupta. (2016) Human Health Risk Assessment of Chromium in Drinking Water: A Case Study of Sukinda Chromite Mine, Odisha, India. Exposure and Health 8:2, pages 253-264.
Crossref
Mohammad Mahbubul Hassan & Jian Zhong Shao. (2015) Chemical Processing of Wool: Sustainability Considerations. Key Engineering Materials 671, pages 32-39.
Crossref
Dimitrios Karagiannis, Charalambos Deliveliotis, Eleni Papadimitriou, Elena Riza, Anastasia Lykou, Athanassios Petralias, Athanassios Papatsoris & Athena Linos. (2015) Oral exposure to hexavalent chromium through drinking water and urologic morbidity in an industrial area of Greece. Journal of Public Health 23:5, pages 249-255.
Crossref
Hong Sun, Jason Brocato & Max Costa. (2015) Oral Chromium Exposure and Toxicity. Current Environmental Health Reports 2:3, pages 295-303.
Crossref
Markus Delay, Stefan Mangold, Reinhard Sembritzki & Fritz H. Frimmel. (2014) Chromium Speciation in Solid Waste Material and Eluates by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Ion Chromatography. Aquatic Geochemistry 21:2-4, pages 313-329.
Crossref
Abeer M. El-Mahalaway, Maysara M. Salem & Ayman M. Mousa. (2015) The effect of potassium dichromate on convoluted tubules of the kidney of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of ginseng. The Egyptian Journal of Histology 38:2, pages 157-167.
Crossref
Véronique Vacchina, Inmaculada de la Calle & Fabienne Séby. (2015) Cr(VI) speciation in foods by HPLC-ICP-MS: investigation of Cr(VI)/food interactions by size exclusion and Cr(VI) determination and stability by ion-exchange on-line separations. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 407:13, pages 3831-3839.
Crossref
Fatemeh Hashemzadeh, Ali Gaffarinejad & Rahmatollah Rahimi. (2015) Porous p-NiO/n-Nb2O5 nanocomposites prepared by an EISA route with enhanced photocatalytic activity in simultaneous Cr(VI) reduction and methyl orange decolorization under visible light irradiation. Journal of Hazardous Materials 286, pages 64-74.
Crossref
Sruthi Ann Alex, Jitendra Satija, Mohd Azeem Khan, Gopalkrishna M. Bhalerao, Sujay Chakravarty, Boobalan Kasilingam, A. Sivakumar, N. Chandrasekaran & Amitava Mukherjee. (2015) Etching-based transformation of dumbbell-shaped gold nanorods facilitated by hexavalent chromium and their possible application as a plasmonic sensor. Analytical Methods 7:13, pages 5583-5592.
Crossref
Chad M. Thompson, Christopher R. Kirman, Deborah M. Proctor, Laurie C. Haws, Mina Suh, Sean M. Hays, J. Gregory Hixon & Mark A. Harris. (2013) A chronic oral reference dose for hexavalent chromium‐induced intestinal cancer. Journal of Applied Toxicology 34:5, pages 525-536.
Crossref
Damien Breheny. 2014. Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants 2853 2872 .
Travis J. O’Brien, Hao Ding, Mina Suh, Chad M. Thompson, Barbara L. Parsons, Mark A. Harris, William A. Winkelman, Jeffrey C. Wolf, J. Gregory Hixon, Arnold M. Schwartz, Meagan B. Myers, Laurie C. Haws & Deborah M. Proctor. (2013) Assessment of K-Ras mutant frequency and micronucleus incidence in the mouse duodenum following 90-days of exposure to Cr(VI) in drinking water. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 754:1-2, pages 15-21.
Crossref
C.R. Kirman, L.L. Aylward, M. Suh, M.A. Harris, C.M. Thompson, L.C. Haws, D.M. Proctor, S.S. Lin, W. Parker & S.M. Hays. (2013) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for humans orally exposed to chromium. Chemico-Biological Interactions 204:1, pages 13-27.
Crossref
Kristine L. Witt, Matthew D. Stout, Ronald A. Herbert, Gregory S. Travlos, Grace E. Kissling, Bradley J. Collins & Michelle J. Hooth. (2013) Mechanistic Insights from the NTP Studies of Chromium. Toxicologic Pathology 41:2, pages 326-342.
Crossref
Breda Novotnik, Tea Zuliani, Janez Ščančar & Radmila Milačič. (2013) Chromate in food samples: an artefact of wrongly applied analytical methodology?. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 28:4, pages 558.
Crossref
Jian Sun, Jie Zhang & Yongdong Jin. (2013) 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid directed one-pot synthesis of water-soluble fluorescent gold nanoclusters and their use as probes for sensitive and selective detection of Cr 3+ and Cr 6+ . J. Mater. Chem. C 1:1, pages 138-143.
Crossref
Chad M. Thompson, J. Gregory Hixon, Deborah M. Proctor, Laurie C. Haws, Mina Suh, Jonathan D. Urban & Mark A. Harris. (2012) Assessment of genotoxic potential of Cr(VI) in the mouse duodenum: An in silico comparison with mutagenic and nonmutagenic carcinogens across tissues. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 64:1, pages 68-76.
Crossref
C.R. Kirman, S.M. Hays, L.L. Aylward, M. Suh, M.A. Harris, C.M. Thompson, L.C. Haws & D.M. Proctor. (2012) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for rats and mice orally exposed to chromium. Chemico-Biological Interactions 200:1, pages 45-64.
Crossref
Anna K. Kopec, Chad M. Thompson, Suntae Kim, Agnes L. Forgacs & Timothy R. Zacharewski. (2012) Comparative toxicogenomic analysis of oral Cr(VI) exposure effects in rat and mouse small intestinal epithelia. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 262:2, pages 124-138.
Crossref
Joan E. McLean, Laurie S. McNeill, Marc A. EdwardsJeffrey L. Parks. (2012) Hexavalent chromium review, part 1: Health effects, regulations, and analysis. Journal AWWA 104:6.
Crossref
Anna K. Kopec, Suntae Kim, Agnes L. Forgacs, Timothy R. Zacharewski, Deborah M. Proctor, Mark A. Harris, Laurie C. Haws & Chad M. Thompson. (2012) Genome-wide gene expression effects in B6C3F1 mouse intestinal epithelia following 7 and 90 days of exposure to hexavalent chromium in drinking water. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 259:1, pages 13-26.
Crossref
Athena Linos, Athanassios Petralias, Costas A Christophi, Eleni Christoforidou, Paraskevi Kouroutou, Melina Stoltidis, Afroditi Veloudaki, Evangelia Tzala, Konstantinos C Makris & Margaret R Karagas. (2011) Oral ingestion of hexavalent chromium through drinking water and cancer mortality in an industrial area of Greece - An ecological study. Environmental Health 10:1.
Crossref
Seok Won Jeong, Hye Lim Kim & Young Rok Seo. (2011) Microarray analysis of global gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to potassium dichromate. BioChip Journal 5:2, pages 151-157.
Crossref
Renata Szyguła, Andrzej Bunio & Sławomir Tubek. (2010) The Content of Elements in Rainwater and Its Relation to the Frequency of Hospitalization for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Opole Voivodship, Poland, During 2000–2002. Biological Trace Element Research 141:1-3, pages 41-52.
Crossref
Klaudia Jomova & Marian Valko. (2011) Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology 283:2-3, pages 65-87.
Crossref
Joachim Schüz, Gabriele Berg‐Beckhoff, Brigitte Schlehofer & Maria Blettner. 2011. Cancer Risk Evaluation. Cancer Risk Evaluation 61 81 .
Deborah M. Proctor, Chad M. Thompson, Mina Suh & Mark A. Harris. (2011) A response to “A quantitative assessment of the carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium by the oral route and its relevance to human exposure”. Environmental Research 111:3, pages 468-470.
Crossref
Chad M. Thompson, Laurie C. Haws, Mark A. Harris, Nicole M. Gatto & Deborah M. Proctor. (2011) Application of the U.S. EPA Mode of Action Framework for Purposes of Guiding Future Research: A Case Study Involving the Oral Carcinogenicity of Hexavalent Chromium. Toxicological Sciences 119:1, pages 20-40.
Crossref
Bradley J. Collins, Matthew D. Stout, Keith E. Levine, Grace E. Kissling, Ronald L. Melnick, Timothy R. Fennell, Ramsey Walden, Kamal Abdo, John B. Pritchard, Reshan A. Fernando, Leo T. Burka & Michelle J. Hooth. (2010) Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium Resulted in Significantly Higher Tissue Chromium Burden Compared With Trivalent Chromium Following Similar Oral Doses to Male F344/N Rats and Female B6C3F1 Mice. Toxicological Sciences 118:2, pages 368-379.
Crossref
Nicole M. Gatto, Michael A. Kelsh, Diem Ha Mai, Mina Suh & Deborah M. Proctor. (2010) Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract: A meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiology 34:4, pages 388-399.
Crossref
Shannon Gaffney, Jennifer Sahmel, Kathryn D. Devlin & Dennis J. Paustenbach. 2010. Cancer Risk Assessment. Cancer Risk Assessment 736 784 .
Keith E. Levine, Matthew D. Stout, Glenn T. Ross, Amal S. Essader, Frank X. Weber, Peter M. Grohse, Reshan A. Fernando, Lisa S. Milstein, Michelle J. Hooth & Bradley J. Collins. (2009) Validation and Application of a Method for the Determination of Total Chromium in Rat Tissues by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 58:3, pages 883-891.
Crossref
Nancy McCarroll, Nagalakshmi Keshava, Jonathan Chen, Gregory Akerman, Andrew Kligerman & Esther Rinde. (2009) An evaluation of the mode of action framework for mutagenic carcinogens case study II: Chromium (VI). Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 51:2, pages 89-111.
Crossref
Haruka Tajima, Toshinori Yoshida, Aya Ohnuma, Tomoki Fukuyama, Koichi Hayashi, Satoru Yamaguchi, Ryoichi Ohtsuka, Junya Sasaki, Mariko Tomita, Sayuri Kojima, Naofumi Takahashi, Yukiko Kashimoto, Maki Kuwahara, Makio Takeda, Tadashi Kosaka, Nobuaki Nakashima & Takanori Harada. (2010) Pulmonary injury and antioxidant response in mice exposed to arsenate and hexavalent chromium and their combination. Toxicology 267:1-3, pages 118-124.
Crossref
Matthew D. Stout, Ronald A. Herbert, Grace E. Kissling, Bradley J. Collins, Gregory S. Travlos, Kristine L. Witt, Ronald L. Melnick, Kamal M. Abdo, David E. Malarkey & Michelle J. Hooth. (2009) Hexavalent Chromium Is Carcinogenic to F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice after Chronic Oral Exposure. Environmental Health Perspectives 117:5, pages 716-722.
Crossref
Fagner Ticiano Gomes Vieira, Danniely Silva Melo, Severino Jackson Guedes de Lima, Elson Longo, Carlos Alberto Paskocimas, Wilson Silva Júnior, Antonio Gouveia de Souza & Iêda Maria Garcia dos Santos. (2009) The influence of temperature on the color of TiO2:Cr pigments. Materials Research Bulletin 44:5, pages 1086-1092.
Crossref
John G. Farmer & Richard Jarvis. (2008) Strategies for improving human health in contaminated situations: a review of past, present and possible future approaches. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 31:2, pages 227-238.
Crossref
Deborah M. Proctor. 2007. Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment. Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment.
Silvio De Flora, Francesco D’Agostini, Roumen Balansky, Rosanna Micale, Barbara Baluce & Alberto Izzotti. (2008) Lack of genotoxic effects in hematopoietic and gastrointestinal cells of mice receiving chromium(VI) with the drinking water. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research 659:1-2, pages 60-67.
Crossref
Joachim Schüz. 2008. The Role of Evidence in Risk Characterization. The Role of Evidence in Risk Characterization 67 80 .
Tracy Onega, John Baron & Todd MacKenzie. (2006) Cancer after Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 15:8, pages 1532-1537.
Crossref
Kent S. Murray, Daniel T. Rogers & Martin M. Kaufman. (2007) DISSOLVED HEAVY METALS IN SHALLOW GROUND WATER IN A SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN URBAN WATERSHED 1 . JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 42:3, pages 777-792.
Crossref
Saurabh Chandra, Lalit K.S. Chauhan, Alok Dhawan, Ramesh C. Murthy & Shrawan K. Gupta. (2006) In vivo genotoxic effects of industrial waste leachates in mice following oral exposure. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 47:5, pages 325-333.
Crossref
Sidney Katz, Harry Salem & Bryan Ballantyne. 2005. Inhalation Toxicology, Second Edition. Inhalation Toxicology, Second Edition 543 564 .
Douglas L. Weed. (2005) Weight of Evidence: A Review of Concept and Methods. Risk Analysis 25:6, pages 1545-1557.
Crossref
Philip Cole & Brad Rodu. (2005) Epidemiologic studies of chrome and cancer mortality: A series of meta-analyses. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 43:3, pages 225-231.
Crossref
Muhammad Faisal & Shahida Hasnain. (2005) Chromate resistantBacillus cereus augments sunflower growth by reducing toxicity of Cr (VI). Journal of Plant Biology 48:2, pages 187-194.
Crossref
U. A. Harr�us, P. Baumeister, B. C. Wallner, A. Berghaus & N. H. Kleinsasser. (2005) Karzinogene und kokarzinogene Effekte von Metallen und Ethylalkohol in humanen Speicheldr�senzellenCarcinogenic and co-carcinogenic effects of metals and ethanol on human salivary gland tissue. HNO 53:2, pages 155-162.
Crossref
Robert Kapp. 2005. Encyclopedia of Toxicology. Encyclopedia of Toxicology 602 606 .
Casey Crump, Kenny Crump, Eric Hack, Rose Luippold, Kenneth Mundt, Elizabeth Liebig, Julie Panko, Dennis Paustenbach & Deborah Proctor. (2003) Dose‐Response and Risk Assessment of Airborne Hexavalent Chromium and Lung Cancer Mortality. Risk Analysis 23:6, pages 1147-1163.
Crossref
Max Costa. (2003) Potential hazards of hexavalent chromate in our drinking water. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 188:1, pages 1-5.
Crossref
Muhammad Faisal & Shahida Hasnain .. (2003) Synergistic Removal of Cr (VI) by Eichornia crassipes in Conjunction with Bacterial Strains. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 6:3, pages 264-268.
Crossref
Peter T. LaPuma, Richard A. Schilke, David A. Kauth & Tiffany J.R. Morgan. (2002) Chromate Dissociation from Three Types of Paint Particles. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 36:3, pages 325-330.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.