Figures & data
Table 1. The list of critical keywords and setting selected for document searching in Scopus database (2000–2016)
Table 2. Frequency of the most studied PCs per country (2000–2016)
Table 3. The role of dietary catechins in epigenetics events
Table 4. The total number of documents published regarding research on PCs for HD per country (2000–2016)
Figure 1. A summary of polyphenols’ benefits for human society.
Figure 2. A screenshot of the Phenol-Explorer database.
Figure 3. The home page of USDA’s Nutrient Data Laboratory Flavonoid Database.
Figure 4. Number of published papers per country for (A) polyphenols; (B) flavonoids; (C) lignans; and (D) stilbenes.
Figure 5. The most studied PCs (2000–2016).
Figure 6. Structures and the most abundant sources of quercetin and its derivatives.
Figure 7. Possible pathway of metabolic conversion of quercetin, an onion flavonoid, during intestinal absorption and inflammation. First, Q4ʹG converts to quercetin by mediating the β-glucosidase enzyme. Second, UGT changes quercetin to Q3GA. In the next step, during inflammation by the mediating of β-glucuronidase and COMT enzymes, Q3GA converts to quercetin and isorahamentin.
Figure 8. The possible pathway for the anticancer activity of quercetin.
Figure 9. The possible role of quercetin in the prevention of heart diseases and inflammation.
Figure 10. Different dosage forms of quercetin alone or in combination available in the market.
Figure 11. Different dosage forms of rutin alone or in combination available in the market.
Figure 12. The chemical structure of catechin and its major sources.
Figure 13. The chemical structure and major sources of kaempferol.
Figure 14. The major sources of resveratrol and its chemical structure.
Figure 15. The most relevant biological functions reported for resveratrol.
Figure 16. Publication records (2000–2016) in relation to different areas of life sciences.
Figure 17. Cluster analysis results for ranked countries involving research on PCs.
Figure 18. The most popular journals covering research on (A) polyphenols, (B) flavonoids, (C) lignans, and (D) stilbenes (2000–2016).
Figure 19. The most basic challenges with research on PCs.
Figure 20. The possible molecular targets of PCs.
