Trial watch

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical trials testing naked DNA-based vaccines as therapeutic interventions against cancer*

Vector	Indication	Phase	Status	TAA	Co-encoded molecule(s)	Co-therapy	Delivery route	Ref.
Mixed	CIN	I	Recruiting	HPV-16 E6/E7	HSP70	E6/E7-coding virus Imiquimod	i.m.	NCT00788164
	HCC	I-II	Recruiting	AFP	–	AFP-coding virus GM-CSF-coding plasmid	i.m.	NCT00669136
Naked DNA	Breast cancer	I	Recruiting	SCGB2A2	–	–	i.m.	NCT00807781
	CIN	I	Recruiting	HPV-16 E6/ E7	FLT3L	–	i.m. + EP	NCT01634503
		II	Recruiting	HPV-16 E6/ E7 HPV-18 E6/ E7	–	–	i.m. + EP	NCT01304524
		n.a.	Recruiting	HPV-16 E7	CRT	–	i.m. s.c. i.t.	NCT00988559
	CRC	I-II	Active, not recruiting	CEA	–	CPA rGM-CSF	s.c. + EP	NCT01064375
	HNC	I	Recruiting	HPV-16 E7	CRT	CPA	i.m. + EP	NCT01493154
	Lymphoma	I	Not yet recruiting	Idiotype	Chemokine (fusion)	–	i.m.	NCT01209871
	Melanoma	I-II	Recruiting	TRP2	Antibody (fusion)	–	i.m. + EP	NCT01138410
	Ovarian cancer	I	Recruiting	IGFBP-2	–	–	s.c.	NCT01322802
	Prostate cancer	I-II	Unknown	PSA	–	–	s.c. + EP	NCT00859729
		II	Active, not recruiting	PAP	–	rGM-CSF	s.c.	NCT00849121
		II	Recruiting	PAP	–	rGM-CSF	s.c.	NCT01341652
		II	Recruiting	PAP	–	rGM-CSF sipuleucel-T	s.c.	NCT01706458

AFP, α fetoprotein; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; CRC, colorectal carcinoma; CRT, calreticulin; CPA, cyclophosphamide; EP, electroporation; FLT3L, FLT3 ligand; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HNC, head and neck cancer; HPV, human papillomavirus; HSP70, heat shock 70 KDa protein; IGFBP-2, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2; i.m., intra musculum; i.t., intra tumorem; n.a., not available; SCGB2A2, mammaglobin A; PAP, prostate acid phosphatase; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; r, recombinant; s.c., sub cutem; TAA, tumor-associated antigen; TRP2, tyrosinase-related protein 2. *Started after January 1, 2008 and not withdrawn, terminated or completed at the day of submission.

Table 2. Clinical trials testing vector-based DNA vaccines as therapeutic interventions against cancer*

Vector	Indication(s)	Phase	Status	TAA	Co-encoded molecule(s)	Co-therapy	Delivery route	Ref.
Adenovirus	Breast cancer CRC Lung cancer	I-II	Active, not recruiting	CEA	–	–	s.c.	NCT01147965
Fowlpox virus Vaccinia virus	Pancreatic cancer	I	Recruiting	CEA MUC1	–	rGM-CSF	s.c. i.t.	NCT00669734
	Prostate cancer	II	Active, not recruiting	PSA	TRICOM	Docetaxel Prednisone	s.c.	NCT01145508
		III	Recruiting	PSA	TRICOM	rGM-CSF	n.a.	NCT01322490
Listeria monocytogenes	Anal cancer	I-II	Not yet recruiting	HPV-16 E7	–	5-FU Mitomycin C IMRT	i.v.	NCT01671488
	Cervical cancer	II	Recruiting	HPV-16 E7	–	–	n.a.	NCT01266460
	CIN	II	Recruiting	HPV-16 E7	–	–	i.v.	NCT01116245
	Oropharyngeal cancer	I	Recruiting	HPV-16 E7	–	–	n.a.	NCT01598792
Measles virus	NSCLC	I-II	Unknown	Measles-virus encoded proteins	–	–	s.c.	NCT00828022
Mixed	CIN	I	Recruiting	HPV-16 E6/E7	–	E6/E7-coding plasmid Imiquimod	i.m.	NCT00788164
	HCC	I-II	Recruiting	AFP	–	AFP- and GM-CSF-coding plasmids	i.m.	NCT00669136
MVA virus	Breast cancer	I	Recruiting	ERBB2	–	–	s.c.	NCT01152398
	CRC Gastric cancer Pancreatic cancer	I	Recruiting	p53	–	–	s.c.	NCT01191684
	Nasopharyngeal cancer	II	Recruiting	EBNA1 LMP2	–	–	s.c.	NCT01094405
	NSCLC	II-III	Recruiting	MUC1	IL-2	Conventional chemotherapy	s.c.	NCT01383148
	Prostate cancer	I	Active, not recruiting	PAP PSA	–	–	s.c.	NCT00629057
Salmonella typhimurium	Pancreatic cancer	I	Recruiting	VEGFR2	–	–	p.o.	NCT01486329

5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; AFP, α fetoprotein; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; CRC, colorectal carcinoma; EBNA1, Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1; ERBB2, v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HPV, human papillomavirus; IL-2, interleukin-2; i.m., intra musculum; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiation therapy; i.t., intra tumorem; i.v., intra venam; LMP2, latent membrane protein 2; MUC1, mucin 1; MVA, Modified Vaccinia Ankara; n.a., not available; NSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma; PAP, prostate acid phosphatase; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; r, recombinant; p.o., per os; s.c., sub cutem; TAA, tumor-associated antigen; VEGFR2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. *Started after January 1, 2008, and not withdrawn, terminated or completed at the day of submission.