Beneficial Flavonoid in Foods and Anti-obesity Effect

References

• WHO. Obesity and Overweight. WHO Fact Sheet N°311. World Health Organization Website. World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2015. Accessed July 22, 2015 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en
   Google Scholar
• Calle, E. E.; Rodriguez, C.; Walker-Thurmond, K.; Thun, M. J. Overweight, Obesity, and Mortality from Cancer in a Prospectively Studied Cohort of U.S. Adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003, 348(17), 1625–1638. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa021423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bray; George, A. Medications for Obesity: Mechanisms and Applications. Clin. Chest. Med. 2009, 30(3), 525–538. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2009.05.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. D.; Ryan, D. H.; Apovian, C. M.; Ard, J. D.; Comuzzie, A. G.; Domato, K. A.; Hu, F. B.; Hubbard, V. S.; Jakicic, J. M.; Kushner, R. F.; et al. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Obesity Society. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2014, 63(25), 2985–3023. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano, J. C.; S´anchez Gonz´alez, I. Trends in Functional Foods against Obesity: Functional Ingredients, Technologically Modified Foods and Full Diets. Rev. Esp. Nutr. Comunitaria. 2008, 14(3), 193–200. DOI: 10.5772/30927.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Ishaq, R. K.; Abotaleb, M.; Kubatka, P.; Kajo, K.; Büsselberg, D. Flavonoids and Their Anti-diabetic Effects: Cellular Mechanisms and Effects to Improve Blood Sugar Levels. Biomolecules. 2019, 9(9), 430. DOI: 10.3390/biom9090430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvesalo, J.; Vuorela, H.; Tammela, P.; Leinonen, M.; Saikku, P.; Vuorela, P. Inhibitory Effect of Dietary Phenolic Compounds on Chlamydia Pneumoniae in Cell Cultures. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2006, 71(6), 735–741. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.12.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, C.; Schluesener, H. Health-promoting Effects of the Citrus Flavanone Hesperidin. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2017, 57(3), 613–631. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.906382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, N. C.; Samman, S. Flavonoids-chemistry, Metabolism, Cardioprotective Effects, and Dietary Sources. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1996, 7(2), 66–76. DOI: 10.1016/S0955-2863(95)00168-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L.; Han, Y. J.; Zhang, X.; Wang, X.; Bao, B.; Qu, W.; Liu, J. Luteolin Reduces Obesity-associated Insulin Resistance in Mice by Activating AMPKα1 Signalling in Adipose Tissue Macrophages. Diabetologia. 2016, 59(10), 2219–2228. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4039-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, E. Y.; Jung, U. J.; Park, T.; Yun, J. W.; Choi, M. S. Luteolin Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance through the Interplay between the Liver and Adipose Tissue in Mice with Diet-induced Obesity. Diabetes. 2015, 64(5), 1658–1669. DOI: 10.2337/db14-0631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J.; Inoue, J.; Choi, J. M.; Nakamura, S.; Yan, Z.; Fushinobu, S.; Kamada, H.; Kato, H.; Hashidume, T.; Shimizu, M.; et al. Identification of the Flavonoid Luteolin as a Repressor of the Transcription Factor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α. J. Biol. Chem. 2015, 290(39), 24021–24035. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.645200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, E. Y.; Choi, M. S. Luteolin Targets the Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway in Prevention of Hepatic and Adipocyte Fibrosis and Insulin Resistance in Diet-induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2018, 10(10), E1415. DOI: 10.3390/nu10101415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, M. S.; Hur, H. J.; Kwon, D. Y.; Hwang, J. T. Tangeretin Stimulates Glucose Uptake via Regulation of AMPK Signaling Pathways in C2C12 Myotubes and Improves Glucose Tolerance in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2012, 358, 127–134. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.03.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, F.; Ma, Y.; Sun, Z.; Zhu, X. Tangeretin Inhibits High Glucose-induced Extracellular Matrix Accumulation in Human Glomerular Mesangial Cells. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2018, 102, 1077–1083. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xi, Y.; Wu, M.; Li, H.; Dong, S.; Luo, E.; Gu, M.; Shen, X.; Jiang, Y.; Liu, Y.; Liu, H. Baicalin Attenuates High Fat Diet-induced Obesity and Liver Dysfunction: Dose-response and Potential Role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC Pathway. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 2015, 35(6), 2349–2359. DOI: 10.1159/000374037.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dai, J.; Liang, K.; Zhao, S.; Jia, W.; Liu, Y.; Wu, H.; Lv, J.; Cao, C.; Chen, T.; Zhuang, S.; et al. Chemoproteomics Reveals Baicalin Activates Hepatic CPT1 to Ameliorate Diet-induced Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2018, 115(26), E5896–5905. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1801745115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, P.; Yu, M.; Zhang, L.; Wan, D.; Shi, M.; Zhu, Y.; Bo, P.; Zhang, Z. Baicalin against Obesity and Insulin Resistance through Activation of AKT/AS160/GLUT4 Pathway. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2017, 448, 77–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myoung, H. J.; Kim, G.; Nam, K. W. Apigenin Isolated from the Seeds of Perilla Frutescens Britton Var Crispa (Benth.) Inhibits Food Intake in C57BL/6J Mice. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2010, 33(11), 1741–1746. DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-1105-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, X.; Weng, D.; Zhou, F.; Owen, Y. D.; Qin, H.; Zhao, J.; Wen, Y.; Huang, Y.; Chen, J.; Fu, H.; et al. Activation of PPARγ by a Natural Flavonoid Modulator, Apigenin Ameliorates Obesity-related Inflammation via Regulation of Macrophage Polarization. EBioMedicine. 2016, 9, 61–76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.06.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, X.; Yu, W.; Li, X.; Zhou, F.; Zhang, W.; Shen, Q.; Li, J.; Zhang, C.; Shen, P. Apigenin, a Modulator of PPARγ, Attenuates HFD-induced NAFLD by Regulating Hepatocyte Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress via Nrf2 Activation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2017, 136, 136–149. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escande, C.; Nin, V.; Price, N. L.; Capellini, V.; Gomes, A. P.; Barbosa, M. T.; O’Neil, L.; White, T. A.; Sinclair, D. A.; Chini, E. N. Flavonoid Apigenin Is an Inhibitor of the NAD+ Ase CD38: Implications for Cellular NAD+ Metabolism, Protein Acetylation, and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Diabetes. 2013, 62(4), 1084–1093. DOI: 10.2337/db12-1139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lone, J.; Parray, H. A.; Yun, J. W. Nobiletin Induces Brown Adipocyte-like Phenotype and Ameliorates Stress in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Biochimie. 2018, 146, 97–104. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yen, J. H.; Weng, C. Y.; Li, S.; Lo, Y. H.; Pan, M. H.; Fu, S. H.; Ho, C. T.; Wu, M. J. Citrus Flavonoid 5-demethylnobiletin Suppresses Scavenger Receptor Expression in THP-1 Cells and Alters Lipid Homeostasis in HepG2 Liver Cells. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2011, 55, 733–748. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulvihill, E. E.; Assini, J. M.; Lee, J. K.; Allister, E. M.; Sutherland, B. G.; Koppes, J. B.; Sawyez, C. G.; Edwards, J. Y.; Telford, D. E.; Charbonneau, A.; et al. Nobiletin Attenuates VLDL Overproduction, Dyslipidemia, and Atherosclerosis in Mice with Diet-induced Insulin Resistance. Diabetes. 2011, 60, 1446–1457. DOI: 10.2337/db10-0589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, A. C.; Sutherland, B. G.; Telford, D. E.; Morrow, M. R.; Sawyez, C. G.; Edwards, J. Y.; Drangova, M.; Huff, M. W. Intervention with Citrus Flavonoids Reverses Obesity and Improves Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in Obese Ldlr-/- Mice. J Lipid Res. 2018, 59(9), 1714–1728. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M087387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, J. E.; Joo, H. M.; Kim, D. H. 3-Methylethergalangin Isolated from Alpinia Officinarum Inhibits Pancreatic Lipase. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2003, 26, 854–857. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.854.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn, J.; Lee, H.; Kim, S.; Park, J.; Ha, T. The Anti-obesity Effect of Quercetin Is Mediated by the AMPK and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2008, 373(4), 545–549. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.06.077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobori, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Sakurai, M.; Akimoto, Y.; Tsushida, T.; Oike, H.; Ippoushi, K. Quercetin Suppresses Immune Cell Accumulation and Improves Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue of Diet-induced Obese Mice. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2016, 60(2), 300–312. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, L.; Bian, H. X.; Xu, N.; Bao, B.; Liu, J. Quercetin Reduces Obesity-associated ATM Infiltration and Inflammation in Mice: A Mechanism Including AMPKα1/SIRT1. J. Lipid. Res. 2014, 55(3), 363–374. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M038786.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam, M. M.; Meerza, D.; Naseem, I. Protective Effect of Quercetin on Hyperglycemia, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Alloxan Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Life. Sci. 2014, 109, 8–14. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.06.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, X.; Wei, G.; You, Y.; Huang, Y.; Lee, H. J.; Dong, M.; Lin, J.; Hu, T.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, C.; et al. Rutin Ameliorates Obesity through Brown Fat Activation. FASEB. J. 2017, 31(1), 333–345. DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600459RR.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kappel, V. D.; Cazarolli, L. H.; Pereira, D. F.; Postal, B. G.; Zamoner, A.; Reginatto, F. H.; Silva, F. R. Involvement of Glut-4 in the Stimulatory Effect of Rutin on Glucose Uptake in Rat Soleus Muscle. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2013, 65, 1179–1186. DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Liu, D. Flavonol Kaempferol Improves Chronic Hyperglycemia-impaired Pancreatic β-cell Viability and Insulin Secretory Function. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2011, 670, 325–332. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.08.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Zhen, W.; Maechler, P.; Liu, D. Small Molecule Kaempferol Modulates PDX-1 Protein Expression and Subsequently Promotes Pancreatic β-cell Survival and Function via CREB. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2013, 24, 638–646. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.03.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanatta, L.; Rosso, A.; Folador, P.; Figueiredo, M. S.; Pizzolatti, M. G.; Leite, L. D.; Silva, F. R. Insulinomimetic Effect of Kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside on the Rat Soleus Muscle. J. Nat. Prod. 2008, 71(4), 532–535. DOI: 10.1021/np070358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ninomiya, K.; Matsuda, H.; Kubo, M.; Morikawa, T.; Nishida, N.; Yoshikawa, M. Potent Anti-obese Principle from Rosa Canina: Structural Requirements and Mode of Action of Trans-tiliroside. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2007, 17, 3059–3064. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goto, T.; Teraminami, A.; Lee, J. Y.; Ohyama, K.; Funakoshi, K.; Kim, Y. I.; Hirai, S.; Uemura, T.; Yu, R.; Takahashi, N.; et al. Tiliroside, a Glycosidic Flavonoid, Ameliorates Obesity-induced Metabolic Disorders via Activation of Adiponectin Signaling Followed by Enhancement of Fatty Acid Oxidation in Liver and Skeletal Muscle in Obese-diabetic Mice. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2012, 23(7), 768–776. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.04.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demonty, I.; Lamarche, B.; Deshaies, Y.; Jacques, H. Role of Soy Isoflavones in the Hypotriglyceridemic Effect of Soy Protein in the Rat. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2002, 13(11), 671–677. DOI: 10.1016/S0955-2863(02)00214-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, J. S.; Song, J. Effect of Genistein on Insulin Resistance, Renal Lipid Metabolism, and Antioxidative Activities in Ovariectomized Rats. Nutrition. 2009, 25, 676–685. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.11.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukund, V.; Mukunb, D.; Sharma, V.; Mannarapu, M.; Genistein:, A. A. Its Role in Metabolic Diseases and Cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2017, 119, 13–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.09.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. J.; Kim, H. E.; Choi, S. E.; Shin, H. C.; Kwag, W. J.; Lee, B. K.; Cho, K. W.; Kang, Y. Involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin Kinase II (CAMK II) in Genistein-induced Potentiation of Leucine/glutamine-stimulated Insulin Secretion. Mol. Cells. 2009, 28, 167–174. DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0119-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayat, K.; Iqbal, H.; Malik, U.; Bilal, U.; Mushtaq, S. Tea and Its Consumption: Benefits and Risks. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2015, 55(7), 939–954. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.678949.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shixian, Q.; Vancrey, B.; Shi, J.; Kakuda, Y.; Jiang, Y. Green Tea Extract Thermogenesis Induced Weight Loss by Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibition of catechol-Omethyltransferase. J. Med. Food. 2006, 9(4), 451–458. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2006.9.451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hursel, R.; Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. Thermogenic Ingredients and Body Weight Regulation. Int. J. Obes. 2010, 34, 659–669. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Türközü, D.; Tek, N. A. A Minireview of Effects of Green Tea on Energy Expenditure. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2017, 57(2), 254–258. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.986672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakai, M.; Fukui, Y.; Asami, S. Inhibitory Effects of Oolong Tea Polyphenols on Pancreatic Lipase in Vitro. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2005, 53, 4593–4598. DOI: 10.1021/jf047814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, H. E.; Yang, G.; Han, S. H.; Lee, J. H.; An, T. J.; Jang, J. K.; Lee, J. Y. Anti-obesity Potential of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis and Licochalcone A through Induction of Adipocyte Browning. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2018, 503(3), 2117–2123. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan, H. Y.; Baek, N. I.; Chung, S. H. Licochalcone A Prevents Adipocyte Differentiation and Lipogenesis via Suppression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ and Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein Pathways. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2012, 60(20), 5112–5120. DOI: 10.1021/jf2050763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birar, I. R. B.; Gupta, S.; Mohan, C. G.; Bhutani, K. K. Antiobesity and Lipid Lowering Effects of Glycyrrhiza Chalcones: Experimental and Computational Studies. Phytomedicine. 2011, 18(8–9), 795–801. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.01.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, S. K.; Cho, S. J.; Jung, U. J.; Ryu, R.; Choi, M. S. Phlorizin Supplementation Attenuates Obesity, Inflammation, and Hyperglycemia in Diet-induced Obese Mice Fed a High-fat Diet. Nutrients. 2016, 8(2), 92. DOI: 10.3390/nu8020092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najafian, M.; Jahromi, M. Z.; Nowroznejhad, M. J.; Khajeaian, P.; Kargar, M. M.; Sadeghi, M.; Arasteh, A. Phloridzin Reduces Blood Glucose Levels and Improves Lipids Metabolism in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2012, 39(5), 5299–5306. DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1328-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You, Y.; Yuan, X.; Liu, X.; Liang, C.; Meng, M.; Huang, Y.; Han, X.; Guo, J.; Guo, Y.; Ren, C.; et al. Cyanidin-3-glucoside Increases Whole Body Energy Metabolism by Upregulating Brown Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Function. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2017, 61. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, X.; Wang, D.; Yang, Y.; Xia, M.; Li, D.; Li, G.; Zhu, Y.; Xiao, Y.; Ling, W. Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside Improves Obesity and Triglyceride Metabolism in KK-Ay Mice by Regulating Lipoprotein Lipase Activity. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 2011, 91(6), 1006–1013. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazazis, C. E.; Evangelopoulos, A. A.; Kollas, A.; Vallianou, N. G. The Therapeutic Potential of Milk Thistle in Diabetes. Rev. Diabet. Stud. 2014, 11(2), 167–174. DOI: 10.1900/RDS.2014.11.167.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Salomone, F.; Barbagallo, I.; Godos, J.; Lembo, V.; Currenti, W.; Cinà, D.; Avola, R.; D’Orazio, N.; Morisco, F.; Galvano, F.; et al. Silibinin Restores NAD⁺ Levels and Induces the SIRT1/AMPK Pathway in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver. Nutrients. 2017, 9(10), E1086. DOI: 10.3390/nu9101086.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H. T.; Shi, K.; Baskota, A.; Zhou, F. L.; Chen, Y. X.; Tian, H. M. Silybin Reduces Obliterated Retinal Capillaries in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2014, 740, 233–239. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia, D. Z.; Yu, X. F.; Wang, H. M. Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic Effects of Ethanolic Extract from Alpinia Officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae) in Rats Fed High-fat Diet. J. Med. Food. 2010, 13, 785–791. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung, C. H.; Jang, S. J.; Ahn, J.; Gwon, S. Y.; Jeon, T. I.; Kim, T. W.; Ha, T. Y. Alpinia Officinarum Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation and High-fat Diet-induced Obesity in Mice through Regulation of Adipogenesis and Lipogenesis. J. Med. Food. 2012, 15(11), 959–967. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, L. Y.; Peng, C. C.; Yeh, X. Y.; Huang, B. Y.; Wang, H. E.; Chen, K. C.; Peng, R. Y. Antihyperlipidemic Bioactivity of Alpinia Officinarum (Hance) Farw Zingiberaceae Can Be Attributed to the Coexistance of Curcumin, Polyphenolics, Dietary Fibers and Phytosterols. Food Funct. 2015, 6(5), 1600–1610. DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00901k.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H. J.; Kim, B.; Mun, E. G.; Jeong, S. Y.; Cha, Y. S. The Antioxidant Activity of Steamed Ginger and Its Protective Effects on Obesity Induced by High-fat Diet in C57BL/6J Mice. Nutr. Res. Pract. 2018, 12(6), 503–511. DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.6.503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beattie, J. H.; Nicol, F.; Gordon, M. J.; Reid, M. D.; Cantlay, L.; Horgan, G. W.; Kwun, I. S.; Ahn, J. Y.; Ha, T. Y. Ginger Phytochemicals Mitigate the Obesogenic Effects of a High-fat Diet in Mice: A Proteomic and Biomarker Network Analysis. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2011, 55, 203–213. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anhê, F. F.; Nachbar, R. T.; Varin, T. V.; Vilela, V.; Dudonné, S.; Pilon, G.; Fournier, M.; Lecours, M. A.; Desjardins, Y.; Roy, D.; et al. A Polyphenol-rich Cranberry Extract Reverses Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis Independently of Body Weight Loss. Mol. Metab. 2017, 6(12), 1563–1573. DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anhê, F. F.; Roy, D.; Pilon, G.; Dudonné, S.; Matamoros, S.; Varin, T. V.; Garofalo, C.; Moine, Q.; Desjardins, Y.; Levy, E.; et al. A Polyphenol-rich Cranberry Extract Protects from Diet-induced Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Intestinal Inflammation in Association with Increased Akkermansia Spp. Population in the Gut Microbiota of Mice. Gut. 2015, 64(6), 872–883. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peixoto, T. C.; Moura, E. G.; De, O. E.; Soares, P. N.; Guarda, D. S.; Bernardino, D. N.; Ai, X. X.; Rodrigues, V. D. S. T.; De, S. G. R.; Da, S. A. J. R.; et al. Cranberry (Vaccinium Macrocarpon) Extract Treatment Improves Triglyceridemia, Liver Cholesterol, Liver Steatosis, Oxidative Damage and Corticosteronemia in Rats Rendered Obese by High Fat Diet. Eur. J. Nutr., 2018. 1829-1844, 57(5). DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1467-2.
   Google Scholar
• Glisan, S. L.; Ryan, C.; Neilson, A. P.; Lambert, J. D. Cranberry Extract Attenuates Hepatic Inflammation in High-fat-fed Obese Mice. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2016, 37, 60–66. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.07.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohta, M.; Fujinami, A.; Oishi, K.; Kobayashi, N.; Ohnishi, K.; Ohkura, N. Ashitaba (Angelica Keiskei) Exudate Prevents Increases in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Induced by Obesity in Tsumura Suzuki Obese Diabetic Mice. J. Diet. Suppl. 2019, 16(3), 331–344. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1458366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohnogi, H.; Hayami, S.; Kudo, Y.; Deguchi, S.; Mizutani, S.; Enoki, T.; Tanimura, Y.; Aoi, W.; Naito, Y.; Kato, I.; et al. Angelica Keiskei Extract Improves Insulin Resistance and Hypertriglyceridemia in Rats Fed a High-fructose Drink. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2012, 96, 928–932. DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110927.
   Google Scholar
• Kwon, E. Y.; Kim, S. Y.; Choi, M. S. Luteolin-enriched Artichoke Leaf Extract Alleviates the Metabolic Syndrome in Mice with High-fat Diet-induced Obesity. Nutrients. 2018, 10(8), E979. DOI: 10.3390/nu10080979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, X.; Wei, R.; Deng, A.; Lei, T. Protective Effects of Ethanolic Extracts from Artichoke, an Edible Herbal Medicine, against Acute Alcohol-induced Liver Injury in Mice. Nutrients. 2017, 9(9), E1000. DOI: 10.3390/nu9091000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, N. H.; Jegal, J.; Kim, Y. N.; Heo, J. D.; Rho, J. R.; Yang, M. H.; Jeong, E. J. Chokeberry Extract and Its Active Polyphenols Suppress Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Modulates Fat Accumulation and Insulin Resistance in Diet-induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2018, 10(11), E1734. DOI: 10.3390/nu10111734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin, B.; Anderson, R. A. An Extract of Chokeberry Attenuates Weight Gain and Modulates Insulin, Adipogenic and Inflammatory Signalling Pathways in Epididymal Adipose Tissue of Rats Fed a Fructose-rich Diet. Br. J. Nutr. 2012, 108(4), 581–587. DOI: 10.1017/S000711451100599X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H. K.; Kim, J. N.; Han, S. N.; Nam, J. H.; Na, H. N.; Ha, T. J. Black Soybean Anthocyanins Inhibit Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells. Nutr. Res. 2012, 32(10), 770–777. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.06.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeon, Y.; Lee, M.; Cheon, Y. P. A Testa Extract of Black Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Suppresses Adipogenic Activity of Adipose-derived Stem Cells. Dev. Reprod. 2015, 19(4), 235–242. DOI: 10.12717/dr.2015.19.4.235.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kurimoto, Y.; Shibayama, Y.; Inoue, S.; Soga, M.; Takikawa, M.; Ito, C.; Nanba, F.; Yoshida, T.; Yamashita, Y.; Ashida, H.; et al. Black Soybean Seed Coat Extract Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Insulin Sensitivity via the Activation of AMP-activated Protein Kinase in Diabetic Mice. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2013, 61(23), 5558–5564. DOI: 10.1021/jf401190y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, J. H.; Hwang, S. Y.; Han, J. S. Bamboo (Phyllostachys Bambusoides) Leaf Extracts Inhibit Adipogenesis by Regulating Adipogenic Transcription Factors and Enzymes in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Food. Sci. Biotechnol. 2017, 26(4), 1037–1044. DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0150-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J.; Kim, Y. S.; Lee, H. A.; Lim, J. Y.; Kim, M.; Kwon, O.; Ko, H. C.; Kim, S. J.; Shin, J. H.; Kim, Y. Sasa Quelpaertensis Leaf Extract Improves High Fat Diet-induced Lipid Abnormalities and Regulation of Lipid Metabolism Genes in Rats. J. Med. Food. 2014, 17(5), 571–581. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki, R.; Okada, Y.; Okuyama, T. The Favorable Effect of Style of Zea Mays L. On Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2005, 28(5), 919–920. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, Y. A.; Kuo, Y. H.; Chen, C. S.; Chen, Y. C.; Huang, C. C.; Chang, C. Y.; Lin, C. J.; Lin, C. W.; Lin, H. J.; Liu, F. T.; et al. Galectin-12 Is Involved in Corn Silk-induced Anti-adipogenesis and Anti-obesity Effects. Am. J. Chin. Med. 2018, 46(5), 1045–1063. DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Wu, L.; Ma, Z.; Cheng, J.; Anti-Diabetic, L. J. Anti-oxidant and Anti-hyperlipidemic Activities of Flavonoids from Corn Silk on STZ-induced Diabetic Mice. Molecules. 2015, 21(1), E7. DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaiittianan, R.; Sutthanut, K.; Rattanathongkom, A. Purple Corn Silk: A Potential Anti-obesity Agent with Inhibition on Adipogenesis and Induction on Lipolysis and Apoptosis in Adipocytes. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2017, 201, 9–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, X.; Fan, S.; Lu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Gu, M.; Zhang, L.; Liu, G.; Guo, L.; Jiang, D.; Lu, X.; et al. Citrus Ichangensis Peel Extract Exhibits Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects by the Inhibition of PPARgamma and LXR Signaling in High-fat Diet-induced C57BL/6 Mouse. Evid. Based. Complement. Altern. Med. 2012, 678592. DOI: 10.1155/2012/678592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, Y.; Xi, W.; Ding, X.; Fan, S.; Zhang, Y.; Jiang, D.; Li, Y.; Huang, C.; Zhou, Z. Citrange Fruit Extracts Alleviate Obesity-associated Metabolic Disorder in High-fat Diet-induced Obese C57BL/6 Mouse. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 23736. DOI: 10.3390/ijms141223736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung, Y. C.; Chang, W. T.; Li, S.; Wu, J. C.; Badmeav, V.; Ho, C. T.; Pan, M. H. Citrus Peel Extracts Attenuated. Obesity and Modulated Gut Microbiota in Mice with High-fat Diet-induced Obesity. Food Funct. 2018, 9(6), 3363–3373. DOI: 10.1039/c7fo02066j.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, D. H.; Yeh, C. H.; Shieh, P. C.; Cheng, K. C.; Chen, F. A.; Cheng, J. T. Effect of Shanzha, a Chinese Herbal Product, on Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Hamsters Receiving High-fat Diet. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2009, 124(3), 544–550. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu, C.; Chen, C.; Chen, L.; Cheng, K.; Yeh, C.; Cheng, J. Decrease of Blood Lipids Induced by Shan-Zha (Fruit of Crataegus Pinnatifida) Is Mainly Related to an Increase of PPARα in Liver of Mice Fed High-fat Diet. Horm. Metab. Res. 2011, 43(9), 625–630. DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madak-Erdogan, Z.; Gong, P.; Zhao, Y. C.; Xu, L.; Wrobel, K. U.; Hartman, J. A.; Wang, M.; Cam, A.; Iwaniec, U. T.; Turner, R. T.; et al. Dietary Licorice Root Supplementation Reduces Diet-induced Weight Gain, Lipid Deposition, and Hepatic Steatosis in Ovariectomized Mice without Stimulating Reproductive Tissues and Mammary Gland. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2016, 60(2), 369–380. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshioka, Y.; Yamashita, Y.; Kishida, H.; Nakagawa, H.; Ashida, H. Licorice Flavonoid Oil Enhances Muscle Mass in KK-Ay Mice. Life. Sci. 2018, 205, 91–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mae, T.; Kishida, H.; Nishiyama, T.; Tsukagawa, M.; Konishi, E.; Kuroda, M.; Mimaki, Y.; Sashida, Y.; Takahashi, K.; Kawada, T.; et al. A Licorice Ethanolic Extract with Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-gamma Ligand-binding Activity Affects Diabetes in KK-Ay Mice, Abdominal Obesity in Diet-induced Obese C57BL Mice and Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J. Nutr. 2003, 133(11), 3369–3377. DOI: 10.1093/jn/133.11.3369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn, J.; Lee, H.; Jang, J.; Kim, S.; Ha, T. Anti-obesity Effects of Glabridin-rich Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Licorice in High-fat-fed Obese Mice. Food. Chem. Toxicol. 2013, 51, 439–445. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jambocus, N. G. S.; Ismail, A.; Khatib, A.; Mahomoodally, F.; Saari, N.; Mumtaz, M. W.; Hamid, A. A. Morinda Citrifolia L. Leaf Extract Prevent Weight Gain in Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed a High Fat Diet. Food. Nutr. Res. 2017, 61(1), 1338919. DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1338919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osman, W. N. W.; Mohamed, S. Standardized Morinda Citrifolia L. And Morinda Elliptica L. Leaf Extracts Alleviated Fatigue by Improving Glycogen Storage and Lipid/carbohydrate Metabolism. Phytother. Res. 2018, 32(10), 2078–2085. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, J.; Do, H. J.; Kim, O. Y.; Shin, M. J. Antiobesity Effects of Quercetin-rich Onion Peel Extract on the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and the Adipogenesis in High Fat-fed Rats. Food. Chem. Toxicol. 2013, 58, 347–354. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae, C. R.; Park, Y. K.; Cha, Y. S. Quercetin-rich Onion Peel Extract Suppresses Adipogenesis by Down-regulating Adipogenic Transcription Factors and Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 2014, 94, 2655–2660. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, O. Y.; Lee, S. M.; Do, H.; Moon, J.; Lee, K. H.; Cha, Y. J.; Shin, M. J. Influence of Quercetin-rich Onion Peel Extracts on Adipokine Expression in the Visceral Adipose Tissue of Rats. Phytother. Res. 2012, 26, 432–437. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Im, R.; Mano, H.; Nakatani, S. Aqueous Extract of Kotahla Himbutu (Salacia Reticulata) Stems Promotes Oxygen Consumption and Supresses Body Fat Accumulation in Mice. J. Health. Sci. 2008, 54, 645–653. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.54.645.
   Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa, M.; Shimoda, H.; Nishida, N.; Takada, M.; Matsuda, H. Salacia Reticulata and Its Polyphenolic Constituents with Lipase Inhibitory and Lipolytic Activities Have Mild Antiobesity Effects in Rats. J. Nutr. 2002, 132(7), 1819–1824. DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.7.1819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kishino, E.; Ito, T.; Fujita, K.; Kiuchi, Y. A Mixture of Salacia Reticulata (Kotala Himbutu) Aqueous Extract and Cyclodextrin Reduces Body Weight Gain, Visceral Fat Accumulation, and Total Cholesterol and Insulin Increases in Male Wistar Fatty Rats. Nutr. Res. 2009, 29, 55–63. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCHS. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2017-2018. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db360.htm
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y.; Beydoun, M. A.; Min, J.; Xue, H.; Kaminsky, L. A.; Cheskin, L. J. Has the Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity and Central Obesity Levelled off in the United States? Trends, Patterns, Disparities, and Future Projections for the Obesity Epidemic. Int J Epidemiol. 2020, 49(3), 273. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mi, Y. J.; Zhang, B.; Wang, H. J.; Yan, J.; Han, W.; Zhao, J.; Liu, D. W.; Tian, Q. B. Prevalence And. Secular Trends in Obesity among Chinese Adults, 1991-2011. Am J Prev Med. 2019, 49(5), 661–669. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.005.
   Google Scholar
• Tian, Y.; Jiang, C.; Wang, M.; Cai, R.; Zhang, Y.; He, Z.; Wang, H.; Wu, D.; Wang, F.; Liu, X.; et al. BMI, Leisure-time Physical Activity, and Physical Fitness in Adults in China: Results from a Series of National Surveys, 2000-14. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016, 4(6), 487–497. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(16)00081-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia, P.; Ma, S.; Qi, X.; Wang, Y. Spatial and Temporal Changes in Prevalence of Obesity Among. Chinese Children and Adolescents, 1985-2005. Prev Chronic Dis. 2019, 16, 190290. DOI: 10.5888/pcd16.190290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, L. Low Diagnostic Accuracy of Body Mass Index-based and Waist. Circumference-based References of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Identifying Overfat among Chinese Children and Adolescents. Biomed Res Int. 2018, 2018, 4570706. DOI: 10.1155/2018/4570706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J. C.; Lyu, J.; Gao, M.; Yu, C. Q.; Guo, Y.; Bian, Z.; Pei, P.; Du, H. D.; Chen, J. S.; Chen, Z. M.; et al. Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Major Chronic Diseases in Chinese Adults. Zhong Hua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2019, 40(12), 1541–1547. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.0254-6450.2019.12.007.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jia, G.; Shu, X. O.; Liu, Y.; Li, H. L.; Cai, H.; Gao, J.; Gao, Y. T.; Wen, W.; Xiang, Y. B.; Zheng, W. Association of Adult Weight Gain with Major Health Outcomes among Middle-aged Chinese Persons with Low Bodyweight in Early Adulthood. JAMA Netw Open. 2019, 2(12), 1917371. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int. Accessed May 19, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Simonnet, A.; Chetboun, M.; Poissy, J.; Raverdy, V.; Noulette, J.; Duhamel, A.; Labreuche, J.; Mathieu, D.; Pattou, F.; Jourdain, M. Lille Intensive Care COVID-19 and Obesity Study Group. High Prevalence of Obesity in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (Sars-cov-2) Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation. Obesity. 2020, 28(7), 1195–1199. DOI: 10.1002/oby.22831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kass, D. A.; Duggal, P.; Cingolani, O. Obesity Could Shift Severe COVID-19 Disease to Younger Ages. Lancet. 2020, 395(10236), 1544–1545. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31024-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onder, G.; Rezza, G.; Brusaferro, S. Case-fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy. JAMA. 2020. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.4683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennifer, L.; Michael, P.; Sarah, H.; Stephanie, S.; Diane, J.; Fritz, F.; Anna, S. Obesity in Patients Younger than 60 Years Is a Risk Factor for Covid-19 Hospital Admission. Clin Infect Dis. 2020, 9, 415. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa415.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garg, S.; Kim, L.; Whitaker, M.; O’Halloran, A.; Cummings, C.; Holstein, R.; Prill, M.; Cha, I. S. J.; Kirley, P. D.; Alden, N. B.; et al. Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1-30, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020, 69(15), 458–464. DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon, A. E.; Ubong, P. The Effect of Obesity on Lung Function. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2018, 12(9), 755–767. DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1506331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bokov, P.; Delclaux, C. The Impact of Obesity on Respiratory Function. Rev Mal Respir. 2019, 36(9), 1057–1063. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2019.07.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honce, R.; Schultz-Cherry, S. Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution. Front Immunol. 2019, 10, 1071. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikiko, W.; Renata, R.; Dario, T.; Claudia, J. B.; Silvia, M.; Lucio, G. Obesity and SARS‐CoV‐2: A Population to Safeguard. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020, 21, 3325. DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3325.
   Google Scholar
• Ranganath, M.; Sriram, G. COVID-19 Pandemic, Corona Viruses, and Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020, 318(5), E736–E741. Epub 2020 Mar 31. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00124.2020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vincent, R. P.; Roux, C. W. L. New Agents in Development for the Management of Obesity. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2007, 61(12), 2103–2112. DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01558.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trigueros, L.; Peña, S.; Ugidos, A. V.; Sayas-Barberá, E.; Pérez-Álvarez, J. A.; Sendra, E. Food Ingredients as Anti-obesity Agents: A Review. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2013, 53(9), 929–942. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.574215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baskin, D. G.; Wilcox, B. J.; Figlewicz, D. P.; Dorsa, D. M. Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factors in the CNS. Trends. Neurosci. 1988, 11(3), 107–111. DOI: 10.1016/0166-2236(88)90155-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baskin, D.; Breininger, J.; Schwartz, M. Leptin Receptor mRNA Identifies a Subpopulation of Neuropeptide Y Neurons Activated by Fasting in Rat Hypothalamus. Diabetes. 1999, 48(4), 828–833. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.48.4.828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woods, S.; Lotter, E.; McKay, L.; Porte, D. J. Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Insulin Reduces Food Intake and Body Weight of Baboons. Nature. 1979, 282(5738), 503–505. DOI: 10.1038/282503a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Proenca, R.; Maffei, M.; Barone, M.; Leopold, L.; Friedman, J. M. Positional Cloning of the Mouse Obese Gene and Its Human Homologue. Nature. 1994, 372(6505), 425–432. DOI: 10.1038/372425a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates, S. H.; Stearns, W. H.; Dundon, T. A.; Schubert, M.; Tso, A. W. K.; Wang, Y.; Banks, A. S.; Lavery, H. J.; Haq, A. K.; Maratos-Flier, E.; et al. STAT3 Signalling Is Required for Leptin Regulation of Energy Balance but Not Reproduction. Nature. 2003, 421(6925), 856–859. DOI: 10.1038/nature01388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valassi, E.; Scacchi, M.; Cavagnini, F. Neuroendocrine Control of Food Intake. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2008, 18(2), 158–168. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2007.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gropp, E.; Shanabrough, M.; Borok, E.; Xu, A. W.; Janoschek, R.; Buch, T.; Plum, L.; Balthasar, N.; Hampel, B.; Waisman, A.; et al. Agouti-related Peptide-expressing Neurons are Mandatory for Feeding. Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8, 1289–1291. DOI: 10.1038/nn1548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternson, S. M.; Shepherd, G. M.; Friedman, J. M. Topographic Mapping of VMH Arcuate Nucleus Micro- Circuits and Their Reorganization by Fasting. Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8, 1356–1363. DOI: 10.1038/nn1550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmquist, J. K.; Maratos-Flier, E.; Saper, C. B.; Flier, J. S. Unraveling the Central Nervous System Pathways Underlying Responses to Leptin. Nat. Neurosci. 1998, 1(6), 445–450. DOI: 10.1038/2164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broberger, C.; Johansen, J.; Johasson, C.; Schalling, M.; Hokfelt, T. The Neuropeptide Y/agouti Generelated Protein (AGRP) Brain Circuitry in Normal, Anorectic, and Monosodium Glutamate-treated Mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1998, 95(25), 15043–15048. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.25.15043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le, C. E.; Nielsen, T.; Qin, J.; Prifti, E.; Hildebrand, F.; Falony, G.; Almeida, M.; Arumugam, M.; Batto, J. M.; Kennedy, S.; et al. Richness of Human Gut Microbiome Correlates with Metabolic Markers. Nature. 2013, 500(7464), 541–546. DOI: 10.1038/nature12506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kong, L. C.; Holmes, B. A.; Cotillard, A.; Habi-Rachedi, F.; Brazeilles, R.; Gougis, S.; Gausserès, N.; Cani, P. D.; Fellahi, S.; Bastard, J. P.; et al. Dietary Patterns Differently Associate with Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Overweight and Obese Subjects. PLoS One. 2014, 9(10), e109434. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dao, M. C.; Everard, A.; Aron-Wisnewsky, J.; Sokolovska, N.; Prifti, E.; Verger, E. O.; Kayser, B. D.; Levenez, F.; Chilloux, J.; Hoyles, L.; et al. Akkermansia Muciniphila and Improved Metabolic Health during a Dietary Intervention in Obesity: Relationship with Gut Microbiome Richness and Ecology. Gut. 2016, 65(3), 426–436. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cani, P. D.; Delzenne, N. M.; Amar, J.; Burcelin, R. Role of Gut Microflora in the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance following High-fat Diet Feeding. Pathol. Biol. 2008, 56(5), 305–309. DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2007.09.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walle, T.;. Absorption and Metabolism of Flavonoids. Free. Radic. Biol. Med. 2004, 36, 829–837. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.01.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manach, C.; Donovan, J. L. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Dietary Flavonoids in Humans. Free. Radic. Res. 2004, 38, 771–785. DOI: 10.1080/10715760410001727858.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mozaffarian, D.; Wu, J. H. Flavonoids, Dairy Foods, and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health: A Review of Emerging Biologic Pathways. Circ. Res. 2018, 122(2), 369–384. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.309008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espín, J. C.; González-Sarrías, A.; Tomás-Barberán, F. A. The Gut Microbiota: A Key Factor in the Therapeutic Effects of (Poly)phenols. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017, 139, 82–93. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serra, A.; Macià, A.; Romero, M. P.; Reguant, J.; Ortega, N.; Motilva, M.-J. Metabolic Pathways of the Colonic Metabolism of Flavonoids (Flavonols, Flavones and Flavanones) and Phenolic Acids. Food. Chem. 2012, 130(2), 383–393. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Zapata, M. J.; Vernooij, R. W.; Tuma, S. M. U.; Stein, A. T.; Moreno, R. M.; Vargas, E., .; Capellà, D.; Bonfill, X. Phlebotonics for Venous Insufficiency. Cochrane. Database. Syst. Rev. 2016, 4, CD003229. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schneider, H.; Blaut, M. Anaerobic Degradation of Flavonoids by Eubacterium Ramulus. Arch. Microbiol. 2000, 173(1), 71–75. DOI: 10.1007/s002030050010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoefer, L.; Mohan, R.; Schwiertz, A.; Braune, A.; Blaut, M. Anaerobic Degradation of Flavonoids by Clostridium Orbiscindens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2003, 69, 5849–5854. DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.10.5849-5854.2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyake, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Osawa, T. Metabolism of Antioxidant in Lemon Fruit (Citrus Limon BURM. F.) By Human Intestinal Bacteria. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 1997, 45, 3738–3742. DOI: 10.1021/jf970403r.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braune, A.; Blaut, M. Bacterial Species Involved in the Conversion of Dietary Flavonoids in the Human Gut. Gut. Microbes. 2016, 7, 216–234. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1158395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braune, A.; Blaut, M. Intestinal Bacterium Eubacterium Cellulosolvens Deglycosylates Flavonoid C- and O-glucosides. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2012, 78(22), 8151. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02115-12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bang, S. H.; Hyun, Y. J.; Shim, J.; Hong, S. W.; Kim, D. H. Metabolism of Rutin and Poncirin by Human Intestinal Microbiota and Cloning of Their Metabolizing a-L-rhamnosidase from Bifidobacterium Dentium. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2015, 25, 18–25. DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1404.04060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schröder, C.; Matthies, A.; Engst, W.; Blaut, M.; Braune, A. Identification and Expression of Genes Involved in the Conversion of Daidzein and Genistein by the Equol-forming Bacterium Slackia Isoflavoniconvertens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2013, 79, 3494–3502. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03693-12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hur, H. G.; Lay, J. O.; Beger, R. D.; Freeman, J. P.; Rafii, F. Isolation of Human Intestinal Bacteria Metabolizing the Natural Isoflavone Glycosides Daidzin and Genistin. Arch. Microbiol. 2000, 174, 422–428. DOI: 10.1007/s002030000222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bustos, I.; García-Cayuela, T.; Hernández-Ledesma, B.; Peláez, C.; Requena, T.; Martínez-Cuesta, M. C. Effect of Flavan-3-ols on the Adhesion of Potential Probiotic Lactobacilli to Intestinal Cells. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2012, 60(36), 9082–9088. DOI: 10.1021/jf301133g.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duda-Chodak, A.; Tarko, T.; Satora, P.; Sroka, P. Interaction of Dietary Compounds, Especially Polyphenols, with the Intestinal Microbiota: A Review. Eur. J. Nutr. 2015, 54(3), 325–341. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0852-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ankolekar, C.; Johnson, D.; Pinto, M. D. S.; Johnson, K.; Labbe, R.; Shetty, K. Inhibitory Potential of Tea Polyphenolics and Influence of Extraction Time against Helicobacter Pylori and Lack of Inhibition of Beneficial Lactic Acid Bacteria. J. Med. Food. 2011, 14(11), 1321–1329. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakayama, M.; Shigemune, N.; Tsugukuni, T.; Jun, H.; Matsushita, T.; Mekada, Y.; Kurahachi, M.; Miyamoto, T. Mechanism of the Combined Anti-bacterial Effect of Green Tea Extract and NaCl against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli O157: H7. Food Control. 2012, 25(1), 225–232. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.10.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dueñas, M.; Muñoz-González, I.; Cueva, C.; Jiménez-Girón, A.; Sánchez-Patán, F.; Santos-Buelga, C.; Moreno-Arribas, M. V.; Bartolomé, B. A Survey of Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Dietary Polyphenols. Biomed. Res. Int. 2015, 2015, 1–15. DOI: 10.1155/2015/850902.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bancirova, M.;. Comparison of the Antioxidant Capacity and the Antimicrobial Activity of Black and Green Tea. Food. Res. Int. 2010, 43, 1379–1382. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.04.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkar, S. G.; Stevenson, D. E.; Skinner, M. A. The Potential Influence of Fruit Polyphenols on Colonic Microflora and Human Gut Health. Int. J. Food. Microbiol. 2008, 124(3), 295–298. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.03.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selma, M. V.; Larrosa, M.; Beltran, D.; Lucas, R.; Morales, J. C.; Tomas-Barberan, F.; Espín, J. C. Resveratrol and Some Glucosyl-, Glucosyl-acyl- and Glucuronide Derivatives Reduce E. Coli O157: H7,S. Typhimurium and L. Monocytogenes Scott A Adhesion to Colonic Epithelial Cell Lines. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2012, 60, 7367–7374. DOI: 10.1021/jf203967u.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toivanen, M.; Huttunen, S.; Lapinjoki, S.; Tikkanen-Kaukanen, C. Inhibition of Adhesion of Neisseria Meningitidis to Human Epithelial Cells by Berry Juice Polyphenolic Fractions. Phytother. Res. 2011, 25, 828–832. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y.; Black, M. A.; Caron, L.; Camesano, T. A. Role of Cranberry Juice on Molecular-scale Surface Characteristics and Adhesion Behavior of Escherichia Coli. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2006, 93, 297–305. DOI: 10.1002/bit.20675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastene, E.; Speisky, H.; García, A.; Moreno, J.; Troncoso, M.; Figueroa, G. In Vitro and in Vivo Effects of Apple Peel Polyphenols against Helicobacter Pylori. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2010, 58, 7172–7179. DOI: 10.1021/jf100274g.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartelt, A.; Heeren, J. Adipose Tissue Browning and Metabolic Health. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2013, 10(1), 24–36. DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2013.204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romieu, I.; Dossus, L.; Barquera, S.; Blottière, H. M.; Franks, P. W.; Gunter, M.; Hwalla, N.; Hursting, S. D.; Leitzmann, M.; Margetts, B.; et al. Energy Balance and Obesity: What are the Main Drivers? Cancer. Causes. Control. 2017, 28(3), 247–258. DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0869-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, J. O.; Wyatt, H. R.; Peters, J. C. Energy Balance and Obesity. Circulation. 2012, 126(1), 126–132. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.087213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedergaard, J.; Cannon, B. The Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Some Burning Issues. Cell. Metab. 2014, 20(3), 396–407. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.07.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neyrinck, A. M.; Bindels, L. B.; Geurts, L.; Van Hul, M.; Cani, P. D.; Delzenne, N. M. A Polyphenolic Extract from Green Tea Leaves Activates Fat Browning in High-fat-diet Induced Obese Mice. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2017, 49, 15–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, T.; Wang, B.; Yang, Q.; Avila, J. M. D.; Zhu, M. J.; You, J.; Chen, D.; Du, M. Raspberry Promotes Brown and Beige Adipocyte Development in Mice Fed High-fat Diet through Activation of AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) α1. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2018, 55, 157–164. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascual-Serrano, A.; Bladé, C.; Suárez, M.; Arola-Arnal, A. Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Improve White Adipose Tissue Expansion during Diet-induced Obesity Development in Rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(9), 2632. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, L.; Nagata, N.; Ota, T. Glucoraphanin: A Broccoli Sprout Extract that Ameliorates Obesity-induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. Adipocyte. 2018, 7(3), 218–225. DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2018.1474669.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonio, G.; Andrea, F.; Saverio, C. Convertible Visceral Fat as a Therapeutic Target to Curb. Obesity. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016, 15(6), 405–424. DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen, E. D.; MacDougald, O. A. Adipocyte Differentiation from the inside Out. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2006, 7(12), 885–896. DOI: 10.1038/nrm2066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elayne, H.; Meritxell, R.; Julieta, D. D.; Yolanda, O.; Maria, M.; Roser, I.; Francesc, V.; Marta, G. Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α (PPARα) Induces PPARγ Coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) Gene Expression and Contributes to Thermogenic Activation of Brown Fat: Involvement of PRDM16. J. Biol. Chem. 2011, 286(50), 43112–43122. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M111.252775.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dempersmier, J.; Sambeat, A.; Gulyaeva, O.; Paul, S. M.; Hudak, C. S.; Raposo, H. F.; Kwan, H. Y.; Kang, C.; Wong, R. H.; Sul, H. S. Cold-inducible Zfp516 Activates UCP1 Transcription to Promote Browning of White Fat and Development of Brown Fat. Mol Cell. 2015, 57(2), 235–246. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haruya, O.; Kosaku, S.; Bruce, M. S.; Shingo, K. PPARg Agonists Induce a White-to-brown Fat. Conversion through Stabilization of PRDM16 Protein. Cell Metab. 2012, 15(3), 395–404. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jager, S.; Handschin, C.; St-Pierre, J.; Spiegelman, B. M. AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Action in Skeletal Muscle via Direct Phosphorylation of PGC‑1α. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2007, 104, 12017–12022. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705070104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hondares, E.; Iglesias, R.; Giralt, A.; Gonzalez, F. J.; Giralt, M.; Mampel, T.; Villarroya, F. Thermogenic Activation Induces FGF21 Expression and Release in Brown Adipose Tissue. J Biol Chem. 2011, 286(15), 12983–12990. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.215889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, K.; Kusminski, C. M.; Scherer, P. E. Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Obesity. J. Clin. Invest. 2011, 121, 2094–2101. DOI: 10.1172/JCI45887.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu, C.; Jiang, Y.; Guo, J.; Su, Z. Natural Products with Anti-obesity Effects and Different Mechanisms of Action. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2016, 64(51), 9571–9585. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, S. I.; Shin, H. S.; Kim, H. M.; Hong, Y. S.; Yoon, S. A.; Kang, S. W.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, M. H.; Ko, H. C.; Kim, S. J. Immature Citrus Sunki Peel Extract Exhibits Antiobesity Effects by β-oxidation and Lipolysis in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2012, 35(2), 223–230. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, C. C.; Tung, Y. T.; Huang, W. C.; Chen, Y. M.; Hsu, Y. J.; Hsu, M. C. Beneficial Effects of Cocoa, Coffee, Green Tea, and Garcinia Complex Supplement on Diet Induced Obesity in Rats. BMC. Complement. Altern. Med. 2016, 16, 100–110. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1077-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeon, S. M.; Lee, S. A.; Choi, M. S. Antiobesity and Vasoprotective Effects of Resveratrol in apoE-deficient Mice. J. Med. Food. 2014, 17, 310–316. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchholz, T.; Matthias, F. M. Polyphenolic Compounds as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors. Planta. Med. 2015, 81, 771–783. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assini, J. M.; Mulvihill, E. E.; Huff, M. W. Citrus Flavonoids and Lipid Metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2013, 24, 34–40. DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e32835c07fd.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batubara, I.; Kuspradini, H.; Muddathir, A. M.; Mitsunaga, T. Intsia Palembanica Wood Extracts and Its Isolated Compounds as Propionibacterium Acnes Lipase Inhibitor. J. Wood. Sci. 2014, 60, 169–174. DOI: 10.1007/s10086-013-1388-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, P. K.; Weng, Z. M.; Ge, G. B.; Li, H. L.; Ding, L. L.; Dai, Z. R.; Hou, X. D.; Leng, Y. H.; Yu, Y.; Hou, J. Biflavones from Ginkgo Biloba as Novel Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors: Inhibition Potentials and Mechanism. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2018, 118, 2216–2223. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bustos, A. S.; Hakansson, A.; Linares-Pasten, J. A.; Penarrieta, J. M.; Nilsson, L. Interaction between Phenolic Compounds and Lipase: The Influence of Solubility and Presence of Particles in the IC50 Value. J. Food. Sci. 2018, 83, 2071–2076. DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslam, E. Plant Polyphenols: Vegetable Tannins revisited In: Chemistry and Pharmacology of natural Products University of Cambridge Oriental Publications; Phillipson, J. D., Ayres, D. C. and Baxter H., Eds. Cambridge: CUP Archive, 1989. pp 230. DOI: 10.1002/bies.950120912
   Google Scholar
• Marrelli, M.; Loizzo, M. R.; Nicoletti, M.; Menichini, F.; Conforti, F. In Vitro Investigation of the Potential Health Benefits of Wild Mediterranean Dietary Plants as Anti-obesity Agents with α-amylase and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activities. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 2014, 94(11), 2217–2224. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa, M.; Sugimoto, S.; Kato, Y.; Nakamura, S.; Wang, T.; Yamashita, C.; Matsuda, H. Acylated Oleanane-type Triterpene Saponins with Acceleration of Gastrointestinal Transit and Inhibitory Effect on Pancreatic Lipase from Flower Buds of Chinese Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis). Chem. Biodivers. 2009, 6(6), 903–915. DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eidenberger, T.; Selg, M.; Fuerst, S.; Krennhuber, K. In-vitro Inhibition of Human Lipase PS by Polyphenols from Kiwi Fruit. J. Food. Res. 2014, 3, 71–77. DOI: 10.5539/jfr.v3n4p71.
   Google Scholar
• Marrelli, M.; Morrone, F.; Argentieri, M. P.; Gambacorta, L.; Conforti, F.; Avato, P. Phytochemical and Biological Profile of Moricandia Arvensis (L.) DC.: An Inhibitor of Pancreatic Lipase. Molecules. 2018, 23(11), E2829. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saltiel, A. R.; Olefsky, J. M. Inflammatory Mechanisms Linking Obesity and Metabolic Disease. J. Clin. Invest. 2017, 127(1), 1–4. DOI: 10.1172/JCI92035.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox, A. J.; West, N. P.; Cripps, A. W. Obesity, Inflammation, and the Gut Microbiota. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015, 3(3), 207–215. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70134-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saad, M. J.; Santos, A.; Prada, P. O. Linking Gut Microbiota and Inflammation to Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Physiology. 2016, 31(4), 283–293. DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00041.2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daine, M.;. Immunological Goings-on in Visceral Adipose Tissue. Cell Metab. 2013, 17(6), 851–859. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Zhang, Q. X.; Wang, X.; Zhang, L.; Qu, W.; Bao, B.; Liu, C. A.; Liu, J. Dietary Luteolin Activates Browning and Thermogenesis in Mice through an AMPK/PGC1α Pathway-mediated Mechanism. Int. J. Obes. (Lond). 2016, 40(12), 1841–1849. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J.; Dong, J. Z.; Ren, Y. L.; Zhu, J. J.; Cao, J. N.; Zhang, J.; Pan, L. L. Luteolin Decreases Atherosclerosis in LDL Receptor-deficient Mice via a Mechanism Including Decreasing AMPK-SIRT1 Signaling in Macrophages. Exp. Ther. Med. 2018, 16(3), 2593–2599. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiao, W.; Zhao, C.; Qin, N.; Zhai, H. Y.; Duan, H. Q. Identification of Trans-tiliroside as Active Principle with Anti-hyperglycemic, Anti-hyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Effects from Potentilla Chinesis. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011, 135(2), 515–521. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lalmansingh, A. S.; Uht, R. M. Estradiol Regulates Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Gene (Crh) Expression in a Rapid and Phasic Manner that Parallels Estrogen receptor-α and -β Recruitment to a 3′,5′-cyclic Adenosine 5′-monophosphate Regulatory Region of the Proximal Crh Promoter. Endocrinology. 2008, 149, 346–357. DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier, G.; Li, S.; Luu-The, V.; Labrie, F. Oestrogenic Regulation of Pro-opiomelanocortin, Neuropeptide Y and Corticotrophin-releasing Hormone mRNAs in Mouse Hypothalamus. J. Neuroendocrinology. 2007, 19, 426–431. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2007.01548.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adlercreutz, H.; Mazur, W. Phyto-oestrogens and Western Diseases. Ann. Med. 1997, 29, 95–120. DOI: 10.3109/07853899709113696.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujitani, M.; Mizushige, T.; Bhattarai, K.; Iwahara, A.; Aida, R.; Segawa, T.; Kishida, T. Dynamics of Appetite-mediated Gene Expression in Daidzein-fed Female Rats in the Meal-feeding Method. Biosci. Biotechnol Biochem. 2015, 79(8), 1342–1349. DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1025034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imran, K. M.; Yoon, D.; Kim, Y. S. A Pivotal Role of AMPK Signaling in Medicarpin-mediated Formation of Brown and Beige. Biofactors. 2018, 44(2), 168–179. DOI: 10.1002/biof.1392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabrera, C.; Artacho, R.; Giménez, R. Beneficial Effects of Green Tea - A Review. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2006, 25, 79–99. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varela, C. E.; Rodriguez, A.; Romero-Valdovinos, M.; Mendoza-Lorenzo, P.; Mansour, C.; Ceballos, G.; Villarreal, F.; Ramirez-Sanchez, I. Browning Effects of (-)-epicatechin on Adipocytes and White Adipose Tissue. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2017, 811, 48–59. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno-Ulloa, A.; Cid, A.; Rubio-Gayosso, I.; Ceballos, G.; Villarreal, F.; Ramirez-Sanchez, I. Effects of (-)-epicatechin and Derivatives on Nitric Oxide Mediated Induction of Mitochondrial Proteins. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2013, 23(15), 4441–4446. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, M. S.; Shin, Y.; Jung, S.; Kim, Y. Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissues of Diet-induced Obese Mice. Food. Nutr. Res. 2017, 61, 1325307. DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1325307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kao, Y. H.; Hiipakka, R. A.; Liao, S. Modulation of Endocrine Systems and Food Intake by Green Tea Epigallocatechin Gallate. Endocrinology. 2000, 141(3), 980–987. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.3.7368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, H.; Kek, H. C.; Lim, J.; Gelling, R. W.; Han, W. Green Tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate Counteracts Daytime Overeating Induced by High-fat Diet in Mice. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2016, 60(12), 2565–2575. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkwood, J. S.; Legette, L. L.; Miranda, C. L.; Jiang, Y.; Stevens, J. F. A Metabolomics-driven Elucidation of the Anti-obesity Mechanisms of Xanthohumol. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288(26), 19000–19013. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.445452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nizamutdinova, I. T.; Jin, Y. C.; Chung, J. I.; Shin, S. C.; Lee, S. J.; Seo, H. G.; Lee, J. H.; Chang, K. C.; Kim, H. J. The Anti-diabetic Effect of Anthocyanins in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats through Glucose Transporter 4 Regulation and Prevention of Insulin Resistance and Pancreatic Apoptosis. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2009, 53, 1419–1429. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano, J.; Casanova-Martí, À.; Blay, M.; Terra, X.; Ardévol, A.; Pinent, M. Defining Conditions for Optimal Inhibition of Food Intake in Rats by a Grape-seed Derived Proanthocyanidin Extract. Nutrients. 2016, 20, 652. DOI: 10.3390/nu8100652.
   Google Scholar
• Ibars, M.; Ardid-Ruiz, A.; Suarez, M.; Muguerza, B.; Blade, C.; Aragones, G. Proanthocyanidins Potentiate Hypothalamic leptin/STAT3 Signalling and Pomc Gene Expression in Rats with Diet-induced Obesity. Int. J. Obes. (Lond). 2017, 41(1), 129–136. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tushar; Basak, S.; Sarma, G. C.; Rangan, L. Ethnomedical Uses of Zingiberaceous Plants of Northeast India. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 132, 286–296. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abubakar, I. B.; Malami, I.; Yahaya, Y.; Sule, S. M. A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Alpinia Officinarum Hance. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2018, 224, 45–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xin, M.; Guo, S.; Zhang, W.; Geng, Z.; Liang, J. Chemical Constituents of Supercritical Extracts from Alpinia Officinarum and the Feeding Deterrent Activity against Tribolium Castaneum. Molecules. 2017, 22, E647. DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukherjee, M.; Bandyopadhyay, P.; Kundu, D. Exploring the Role of Cranberry Polyphenols in Periodontits: A Brief Review. J. Indian. Soc. Periodontol. 2014, 18, 136–139. DOI: 10.4103/0972-124X.131301.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, T.; Yamashita, Y.; Yasuda, M.; Yamamoto, N.; Ashida, H. Ashitaba (Angelica Keiskei) Extract Prevents Adiposity in High-fat Diet-fed C57BL/6 Mice. Food. Funct. 2015, 6, 135–145. DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00525b.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagata, J.; Morino, T.; Saito, M. Effects of Dietary Angelica Keiskei on Serum and Liver Lipid Profiles, and Body Fat Accumulations in Rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 2007, 53, 133–137. DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.53.133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negro, D.; Montesano, V.; Grieco, S.; Crupi, P.; Sarli, G.; Sonnante, G. Polyphenol Compounds in Artichoke Plant Tissues and Varieties. J. Food. Sci. 2012, 77(2), 244–252. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02531.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupattelli, G.; Marchesi, S.; Lombardini, R.; Roscini, A. R.; Trinca, F.; Gemelli, F.; Vaudo, G.; Mannarino, E. Artichoke Juice Improves Endothelial Function in Hyperlipemia. Life Sci. 2004, 76(7), 775–782. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.07.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roghani-Dehkordi, F.; Kamkhah, A. F. Artichoke Leaf Juice Contains Antihypertensive Effect in Patients with Mild Hypertension. J. Diet. Suppl. 2009, 6(4), 328–341. DOI: 10.3109/19390210903280207.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Santos, H. O.; Bueno, A. A.; Mota, J. F. The Effect of Artichoke on Lipid Profile: A Review of Possible Mechanisms of Action. Pharmacol. Res. 2018, 137, 170–178. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapci, B.; Neradová, E.; Cížková, H.; Voldˇrich, M.; Rajchl, A.; Capanoglu, E. Investigating the Antioxidant Potential of Chokeberry (Aronia Melanocarpa) Products. J. Food. Nutr. Res. 2013, 52, 219–229. DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v57i0.22754.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benvenuti, S.; Pellati, F.; Melegari, M.; Bertelli, D. Polyphenols, Anthocyanins, Ascorbic Acid, and Radical Scavenging Activity of Rubus, Ribes, and Aronia. J. Food. Sci. 2004, 69, 164–169. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb13352.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rop, O.; Mlcek, J.; Jurikova, T.; Valsikova, M.; Sochor, J.; Reznicek, V.; Kramarova, D. Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Capacity, Radical Oxygen Species Scavenging and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibiting Activities of Extracts of Five Black Chokeberry (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot) Cultivars. J. Med. Plants. Res. 2010, 22, 2432–2437. DOI: 10.5897/JMPR10.576.
   Google Scholar
• Valcheva-Kuzmanova, S. V.; Belcheva, A. Current Knowledge of Aronia Melanocarpa as a Medicinal Plant. Folia. Med. 2006, 48, 11–17.
   Google Scholar
• Kokotkiewicz, A.; Jaremicz, Z.; Luczkiewicz, M. Aronia Plants: A Review of Traditional Use, Biological Activities, and Perspectives for Modern Medicine. J. Med. Food. 2010, 13, 255–269. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sikora, J.; Broncel, M.; Markowicz, M.; Chałubi´nski, M.; Wojdan, K.; Mikiciuk-Olasik, E. Short-term Supplementation with Aronia Melanocarpa Extract Improves Platelet Aggregation, Clotting, and Fibrinolysis in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Eur. J. Nutr. 2012, 51, 549–556. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0238-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horszwald, A.; Julien, H.; Andlauer, W. Characterisation of Aronia Powders Obtained by Different Drying Processes. Food. Chem. 2013, 141, 2858–2863. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao, W.; Deqin, Z.; Yuhong, L.; Hong, L.; Zhanbiao, L.; Chunfeng, Z.; Limin, H.; Xiumei, G. Regulation Effects on Abnormal Glucose and Lipid Metabolism of TZQ-F, a New Kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 128, 575–582. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, S. S.; Islam, M. N.; Jung, H. A.; Choi, J. S. In Vitro Antidiabetic Potential of the Fruits of Crataegus Pinnatifida. Res. Pharm. Sci. 2014, 9, 11–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Badshah, H.; Ullah, I.; Kim, S. E.; Kim, T.; Lee, H. Y.; Kim, O. M. Anthocyanins Attenuate Body Weight Gain via Modulating Neuropeptide. Neuropeptides. 2013, 47(5), 347–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2013.06.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdelrazek, H. M. A.; Mahmoud, M. M. A.; Tag, H. M.; Greish, S. M.; Eltamany, D. A.; Soliman, M. T. A. Soy Isoflavones Ameliorate Metabolic and Immunological Alterations of Ovariectomy in Female Wistar Rats: Antioxidant and Estrogen Sparing Potential. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2019, 10, 5713606. DOI: 10.1155/2019/5713606.
   Google Scholar
• Yuan, J. X.;. Research on the Production and Botanical Origin of Bamboo Juice in Eastern China. Zhong. Yao. Tong. Bao. 1983, 8, 10–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang, J. H.; Choi, M. H.; Yang, S. H.; Cho, S. S.; Park, S. J.; Shin, H. J.; Ki, S. H. Potent Anti-inflammatory and Antiadipogenic Properties of Bamboo (Sasa Coreana Nakai) Leaves Extract and Its Major Constituent Flavonoids. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2017, 65(31), 6665–6673. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntosh, C. A.; Owens, D. K. Advances in Flavonoid Glycosyltransferase Research: Integrating Recent Findings with Long-term Citrus Studies. Phytochem. Rev. 2016, 15(6), 1075–1091. DOI: 10.1007/s11101-016-9460-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam, M. A.; Subhan, N.; Rahman, M. M.; Uddin, S. J.; Reza, H. M.; Sarker, S. D. Effect of Citrus Flavonoids, Naringin and Naringenin, on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Mechanisms of Action. Adv. Nutr. 2014, 5(4), 404–417. DOI: 10.3945/an.113.005603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng, S. L.; Li, S. Z.; Lai, C. J.; Wei, M. Y.; Chen, B. Z.; Li, P.; Zheng, G. D.; Liu, E. H. Evaluation of Anti-lipase Activity and Bioactive Flavonoids in the Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium from Different Harvest Time. Phytomedicine. 2018, 43, 103–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dehghani, S.; Mehri, S.; Hosseinzadeh, H. The Effects of Crataegus Pinnatifida (Chinese Hawthorn) on Metabolic Syndrome: A Review. Iran. J. Basic. Med. Sci. 2019, 22(5), 460–468. DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2019.31964.7678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, J.; Peng, W.; Qin, R.; Zhou, H. Crataegus Pinnatifida: Chemical Constituents, Pharmacology, and Potential Applications. Molecules. 2014, 19(2), 1685–1712. DOI: 10.3390/molecules19021685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, G. H.; Sun, J. Y.; Zhang, X. L. Experimental Studies on Antihyperlipidemia Effects of Two Compositions from Hawthorn in Mice. Chin. Tradit. Herbal. Drugs. 2002, 33, 50–52.
   Google Scholar
• Sahib, N. G.; Hamid, A. A.; Kitts, D.; Purnama, M.; Saari, N.; Abas, F. The Effects of Morinda Citrifolia, Momordica Charantia and Centella Asiatica Extracts on Lipoprotein Lipase and 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. J. Food Biochem. 2011, 35, 1186–1205. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00444.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratap, U. P.; Priyanka, H. P.; Ramanathan, K. R.; Raman, V.; Hima, L.; Thyagarajan, S. Noni (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Fruit Juice Delays Immunosenescence in the Lymphocytes in Lymph Nodes of Old F344 Rats. J. Integr. Med. 2018, 16(3), 199–207. DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.002.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pak-Dek, M. S.; Abdul-Hamid, A.; Osman, A.; Soh, C. S. Inhibitory Effect of Morinda Citrifolia L. On Lipoprotein Lipase Activity. J. Food. Sci. 2008, 73, C595–C598. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00929.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. G.; Parks, J. S.; Kang, H. W. Quercetin, a Functional Compound of Onion Peel, Remodels White Adipocytes to Brown-like Adipocytes. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2017, 42, 62–71. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.12.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anurakumara, K. K. I. U.; Subasinghe, S. Salacia Reticulata Wight: A Review of Botany, Phyochemistry and Pharmacology. Trop Agric Res Extension. 2010, 13(2), 41–45. DOI: 10.4038/tare.v13i2.3137.
   Google Scholar
• Shimada, T.; Nagai, E.; Harasawa, Y. Metabolic Disease Prevention and Suppression of Fat Accumulation by Salacia Reticulata. J. Nat. Med. 2010, 64, 266–274. DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0401-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas, C.; Gerbi, A.; Elbez, Y.; Caillard, P.; Zamaria, N.; Cloarec, M. Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a Citrus Polyphenolic Extract of Red Orange, Grapefruit, and Orange (Sinetrol-xpur) on Weight Management and Metabolic Parameters in Healthy Overweight Individuals. Phytother. Res. 2014, 28(2), 212–218. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rangel-Huerta, O. D.; Aguilera, C. M.; Martin, M. V.; Soto, M. J.; Rico, M. C.; Vallejo, F.; Tomas-Barberan, F.; Perez-de-la-cruz, A. J.; Gil, A.; Mesa, M. D. Normal or High Polyphenol Concentration in Orange Juice Affects Antioxidant Activity, Blood Pressure, and Body Weight in Obese or Overweight Adults. J. Nutr. 2015, 145(8), 1808–1816. DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.213660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dow, C. A.; Going, S. B.; Chow, H. H.; Patil, B. S.; Thomson, C. A. The Effects of Daily Consumption of Grapefruit on Body Weight, Lipids, and Blood Pressure in Healthy, Overweight Adults. Metabolism. 2012, 61(7), 1026–1035. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver, H. J.; Dietrich, M. S.; Niswender, K. D. Effects of Grapefruit, Grapefruit Juice and Water Preloads on Energy Balance, Weight Loss, Body Composition, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Free-living Obese Adults. Nutr. Metab. (Lond). 2011, 8, 8. DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, S. A.; Figueroa, A.; Navaei, N.; Wong, A.; Kalfon, R.; Ormsbee, L. T.; Feresin, R. G.; Elam, M. L.; Hooshmand, S.; Payton, M. E.; et al. Daily Blueberry Consumption Improves Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women with Pre- and Stage 1-hypertension: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. 2015, 115(3), 369–377. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerimi, A.; Nyambe-Silavwe, H.; Gauer, J. S.; Tomás-Barberán, F. A.; Williamson, G. Pomegranate Juice, but Not an Extract, Confers a Lower Glycemic Response on a High-glycemic Index Food: Randomized, Crossover, Controlled Trials in Healthy Subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2017, 106(6), 1384–1393. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.161968.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aaby, K.; Ekeberg, D.; Skrede, G. Characterization of Phenolic Compounds in Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa) Fruits by Different Hplc Detectors and Contribution of Individual Compounds to Total Antioxidant Capacity. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2007, 55, 4395–4406. DOI: 10.1021/jf0702592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moazen, S.; Amani, R.; Homayouni, R. A.; Shahbazian, H.; Ahmadi, K.; Taha, J. M. Effects of Freeze-dried Strawberry Supplementation on Metabolic Biomarkers of Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 2013, 63(3), 256–264. DOI: 10.1159/000356053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu, A.; Fu, D. X.; Wilkinson, M.; Simmons, B.; Wu, M.; Betts, N. M.; Du, M.; Lyons, T. J. Strawberries Decrease Atherosclerotic Markers in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutr. Res. 2010, 30, 462–469. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2010.06.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vendrame, S.; Guglielmetti, S.; Riso, P.; Arioli, S.; Klimis-Zacas, D.; Porrini, M. Six-week Consumption of a Wild Blueberry Powder Drink Increases Bifidobacteria in the Human Gut. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2011, 59(24), 12815–12820. DOI: 10.1021/jf2028686.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu, A.; Du, M.; Leyva, M. J.; Sanchez, K.; Betts, N. M.; Wu, M.; Aston, C. E.; Lyons, T. J. Blueberries Decrease Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Men and Women with Metabolic Syndrome. J. Nutr. 2010, 140, 1582–1587. DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.124701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stull, A. J.; Cash, K. C.; Johnson, W. D.; Champagne, C. M.; Cefalu, W. T. Bioactives in Blueberries Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Obese, Insulin-resistant Men and Women. J. Nutr. 2010, 140, 1764–1768. DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.125336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nair, A. R.; Mariappan, N.; Stull, A. J.; Francis, J. Blueberry Supplementation Attenuates Oxidative Stress within Monocytes and Modulates Immune Cell Levels in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Food. Funct. 2017, 8(11), 4118–4128. DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00815e.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, I. T.; Chan, Y. C.; Lin, C. W.; Lee, W. J.; Sheu, W. H. Effect of Cranberry Extracts on Lipid Profiles in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabet. Med. 2008, 25(12), 1473–1477. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02588.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, T.; Luebke, J. L.; Morcomb, E. F.; Carrell, E. J.; Leveranz, M. C.; Kobs, L.; Schmidt, T. P.; Limburg, P. J.; Vorsa, N.; Singh, A. P. Glycemic Responses to Sweetened Dried and Raw Cranberries in Humans with Type 2 Diabetes. J. Food. Sci. 2010, 75, 218–223. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01800.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu, A.; Betts, N. M.; Ortiz, J.; Simmons, B.; Wu, M.; Lyons, T. J. Low-energy Cranberry Juice Decreases Lipid Oxidation and Increases Plasma Antioxidant Capacity Inwomen with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutr. Res. 2011, 31, 190–196. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.02.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu, A.; Sanchez, K.; Leyva, M. J.; Wu, M.; Betts, N. M.; Aston, C. E.; Lyons, T. J. Green Tea Supplementation Affects Body Weight, Lipids, and Lipid Peroxidation in Obese Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2010, 29, 31–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagao, T.; Komine, Y.; Soga, S.; Meguro, S.; Hase, T.; Tanaka, Y.; Tokimitsu, I. Ingestion of a Tea Rich in Catechins Leads to a Reduction in Body Fat and Malondialdehyde-modified LDL in Men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005, 81(1), 122–129. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/81.1.122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, A. L.; Lane, J.; Coverly, J.; Stocks, J.; Jackson, S.; Stephen, A.; Bluck, L.; Coward, A.; Hemdrickx, H. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with the Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Insulin Resistance and Associated Metabolic Risk Factors: Randomized Controlled Trial. Br. J. Nutr. 2009, 101, 886–894. DOI: 10.1017/s0007114508047727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, L. H.; Liu, C. Y.; Wang, L. Y.; Huang, C. J.; Hsu, C. H. Effects of Green Tea Extract on Overweight and Obese Women with High Levels of Low Density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C): A Randomised, Double-blind, and Cross-over Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. BMC. Complement. Altern. Med. 2018, 18(1), 294. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2355-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sapper, T. N.; Mah, E.; Ahn-Jarvis, J.; McDonald, J. D.; Chitchumroonchokchai, C.; Reverri, E. J.; Vodovotz, Y.; Bruno, R. S. A Green Tea-containing Starch Confection Increases Plasma Catechins without Protecting against Postprandial Impairments in Vascular Function in Normoglycemic Adults. Food, Funct. 2016, 7(9), 3843–3853. DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00639f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMorrow, A. M.; Connaughton, R. M.; Magalhães, T. R.; McGillicuddy, F. C.; Hughes, M. F.; Cheishvili, D.; Morine, M. J.; Ennis, S.; Healy, M. L.; Roche, E. F.; et al. Personalized Cardio-metabolic Responses to an Anti-inflammatory Nutrition Intervention in Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2018, 62(10), 1701008. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balsan, G.; Pellanda, L. C.; Sausen, G.; Galarraga, T.; Zaffari, D.; Pontin, B.; Portal, V. L. Effect of Yerba Mate and Green Tea on Paraoxonase and Leptin Levels in Patients Affected by Overweight or Obesity and Dyslipidemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutr. J. 2019, 18(1), 5. DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0426-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Córdova, M. P.; Avello, L. M.; Morales, L. F.; Fernández, R. P.; Villa, Z. L.; Pastene, N. E. Effects of Bauhinia Forficata Link Tea on Lipid Profile in Diabetic Patients. J. Med. Food. 2019, 22(3), 321–323. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg, J. A.; O’Donnell, R.; Shurpin, M.; Kordunova, D. Epicatechin, Procyanidins, Cocoa, and Appetite: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2016, 104(3), 613–619. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.129783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tominaga, Y.; Nakagawa, K.; Mae, T.; Kitano, M.; Yokota, S.; Arai, T.; Ikematsu, H.; Inoue, S. Licorice Flavonoid Oil Reduces Total Body Fat and Visceral Fat in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study. Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. 2009, 3(3), I–IV. DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2009.04.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollis, J. H.; Houchins, J. A.; Blumberg, J. B.; Mattes, R. D. Effects of Concord Grape Juice on Appetite, Diet, Body Weight, Lipid Profile, and Antioxidant Status of Adults. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2009, 28, 574–582. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2009.10719789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cases, J.; Romain, C.; Dallas, C.; Gerbi, A.; Rouanet, J. M. A 12-week Randomized Double-blind Parallel Pilot Trial of Sinetrol XPur on Body Weight, Abdominal Fat, Waist Circumference, A 12-week Randomized Double-blind Parallel Pilot Trial of Sinetrol XPur on Body Weight, Abdominal Fat, Waist Circumference, and Muscle Metabolism in Overweight Men. Int. J. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2015, 66(4), 471–477. DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1042847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grosso, G.; Galvano, F.; Mistretta, A.; Marventano, S.; Nolfo, F.; Calabrese, G.; Buscemi, S.; Drago, F.; Veronesi, U.; Scuderi, A. Red Orange: Experimental Models and Epidemiological Evidence of Its Benefits on Human Health. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2013, 1–11. DOI: 10.1155/2013/157240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toth, P. P.; Patti, A. M.; Nikolic, D.; Giglio, R. V.; Castellino, G.; Biancucci, T.; Geraci, F.; David, S.; Montalto, G.; Rizvi, A.; et al. Bergamot Reduces Plasma Lipids, Atherogenic Small Dense LDL, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A 6 Months Prospective Study. Front. Pharmacol. 2016, 6, 299. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavrilova, V.; Kajdzanoska, M.; Gjamovski, V.; Stefova, M. Separation, Characterization and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds in Blueberries and Red and Black Currants by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2011, 59, 4009–4018. DOI: 10.1021/jf104565y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagao, T.; Hase, T.; Tokimitsu, I. A Green Tea Extract High in Catechins Reduces Body Fat and Cardiovascular Risks in Humans. Obesity. 2007, 15, 1473–1483. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogdanski, P.; Suliburska, J.; Szulinska, M.; Stepien, M.; Pupek-Musialik, D.; Jablecka, A. Green Tea Extract Reduces Blood Pressure, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Stress and Improves Parameters Associated with Insulin Resistance in Obese, Hypertensive Patients. Nutr. Res. 2012, 32, 421–427. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.05.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diepvens, K.; Kovacs, E. M.; Nijs, I. M.; Vogels, N.; Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. Effect of Green Tea on Resting Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation during Weight Loss in Overweight Females. Br. J. Nutr. 2005, 94, 1026–1034. DOI: 10.1079/bjn20051580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, A. M.; Coates, A. M.; Buckley, J. D.; Ross, R.; Thielecke, F.; Howe, P. R. Can EGCG Reduce Abdominal Fat in Obese Subjects? J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2007, 26, 396S–402S. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2007.10719628.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, C. H.; Tsai, T. H.; Kao, Y. H.; Hwang, K. C.; Tseng, T. Y.; Chou, P. Effect of Green Tea Extract on Obese Women: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Clin. Nutr. 2008, 27, 363–370. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.03.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murota, K.; Nakamura, Y.; Uehara, M. Flavonoid Metabolism: The Interaction of Metabolites and Gut Microbiota. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2018, 82(4), 600–610. DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1444467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thilakarathna, S. H.; Rupasinghe, H. P. Flavonoid Bioavailability and Attempts for Bioavailability Enhancement. Nutrients. 2013, 5(9), 3367–3387. DOI: 10.3390/nu5093367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinda, B.; Dinda, M.; Roy, A.; Dinda, S. Dietary Plant Flavonoids in Prevention of Obesity and Diabetes. Adv. Protein. Chem. Struct. Biol. 2020, 120, 159–235. DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.08.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, T.; Dai, Y. Q.; Li, N.; Huo, Q.; Li, H. M.; Zhang, Y. X.; Piao, Z. H.; Wu, C. Z. Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Novel Neobavaisoflavone Glucosides via Bacillus UDP-glycosyltransferase. Chin. J. Nat. Med. 2017, 15(4), 281–287. DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(17)30045-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sordon, S.; Popłoński, J.; Huszcza, E. Microbial Glycosylation of Flavonoids. Pol. J. Microbiol. 2016, 65(2), 137–151. DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1204473.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bumke-Vogt, C.; Osterhoff, M. A.; Borchert, A.; Guzman-Perez, V.; Sarem, Z.; Birkenfeld, A. L.; Bahr, V.; Pfeiffer, A. F. The Flavones Apigenin and Luteolin Induce FOXO1 Translocation but Inhibit Gluconeogenic and Lipogenic Gene Expression in Human Cells. PLoS One. 2014, 9(8), 104321. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong, F.; Liu, S.; Yan, B.; Li, X.; Ruan, S.; Yang, S. Quercetin Nanoparticle Complex Attenuated Diabetic Nephropathy via Regulating the Expression Level of ICAM-1 on Endothelium. Int J Nanomed. 2017, 12, 7799–7813. DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S146978.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain, T.; Tan, B.; Murtaza, G.; Liu, G.; Rahu, N.; Saleem, K. M.; Hussain, K. D.; Adebowale, T. O.; Usman Mazhar, M.; Rehman, Z. U.; et al. Flavonoids and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence of Efficacy in Clinical and Animal Studies and Delivery Strategies to Enhance Their Therapeutic Efficacy. Pharmacol Res. 2020, 152, 104629. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musika, J.; Chudapongse, N. Development of Lipid-based Nanocarriers for Increasing Gastrointestinal Absorption of Lupinifolin. Planta Med. 2020. DOI: 10.1055/a-1095-1129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauhan, A. S.;. Dendrimers for Drug Delivery. Molecules. 2018, 23, 938–946. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu, L.; Wu, Z.; Qi, X.; He, H.; Ma, X.; Chou, X.; Wen, X.; Zhang, M.; Jiao, F. Polyamidomine Dendrimers: An Excellent Drug Carrier for Improving the Solubility and Bioavailability of Puerarin. Pharm Dev Technol. 2013, 18, 1051–1057. DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2011.653822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossen, M. N.; Kajimoto, K.; Akita, H.; Hyodo, M.; Harashima, H. Vasculartargeted Nanotherapy for Obesity: Unexpected Passive Targeting Mechanism to Obese Fat for the Enhancement of Active Drug Delivery. J. Control. Release. 2012, 163(2), 101–110. DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, Y.; Xu, X.; Zhang, X. Q.; Farokhzad, O. C.; Langer, R. Preventing Diet-induced Obesity in Mice by Adipose Tissue Transformation and Angiogenesis Using Targeted Nanoparticles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S.A. 2016, 113(20), 5552–5557. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603840113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibuyi, N. R. S.; Moabelo, K. L.; Meyer, M.; Onani, M. O.; Dube, A.; Madiehe, A. M. Nanotechnology Advances Towards Development of Targeted-treatment for Obesity. J. Nanobiotechnology. 2019, 17(1), 122. DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0554-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payab, M.; Goodarzi, P.; Foroughi, H. N.; Hadavandkhani, M.; Zarei, Z.; Falahzadeh, K.; Larijani, B.; Rahim, F.; Arjmand, B. Stem Cell and Obesity: Current State and Future Perspective. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018, 1089, 1–22. DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue, J. P.; Gou, X. W.; Li, Y. Y.; Wicksteed, B.; Wu, X. Y. Engineered Epidermal Progenitor Cells Can Correct Diet-induced Obesity and Diabetes. Cell. Stem. Cell. 2017, 21(2), 256–263. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.06.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, J. L.; Yang, L. F.; Mou, L. S.; Dong, K. L.; Jiang, J.; Xue, S.; Xu, Y.; Wang, X. Y.; Lu, Y.; Ye, H. F. A Green Tea-triggered Genetic Control System for Treating Diabetes in Mice and Monkeys. Sci. Transl. Med. 2019, 11(515), eaav8826. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav8826.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar