Stachyose combined with tea polyphenols mitigated metabolic disorders in high fructose diet-fed mice as studied by GC-MS metabolomics approach

ABSTRACT

High fructose (HF) ingestion is a common risk factor for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which has become a serious health problem. The underlying mechanism of HF-induced NAFLD needs to be further understood and an effective prevention needs to be established urgently. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer-based metabonomic method was employed to characterize the serum metabolic profile of HF-induced NAFLD in mice. β-Hydroxybutyric acid, elaidic acid and oleic acid that contributed to energy and lipid metabolism were confirmed as potential biomarkers for HF-induced NAFLD. With these changed metabolic pathways as possible drug targets, different administrations revealed that co-administration of stachyose and tea polyphenols was a more effective method than treatment of stachyose or tea polyphenols alone for preventing HF-induced negative changes of metabolic pathways in mice. These findings suggest that β-hydroxybutyric acid, elaidic acid and oleic acid are potential biomarkers in HF-induced NAFLD, and co-administration is a novel preventive strategy.

RESUMEN

La ingesta elevada de fructosa (HF) constituye un factor de riesgo común en el desarrollo de esteatohepatitis no alcohólica (NAFLD), padecimiento que se ha convertido en un problema de salud serio. El mecanismo subyacente de la NAFLD inducida por HF debe ser mejor comprendido, al tiempo que urge establecer mecanismos de prevención que resulten efectivos. En este sentido, para caracterizar el perfil metabólico del suero de ratones con NAFLD inducida por HF se utilizó el método metabolómico basado en GC-MS. Ello permitió constatar que los ácidos betahidroxibutírico, elaídico y oleico, que contribuyen al metabolismo energético y lipídico, son biomarcadores potenciales para la NAFLD inducida por el HF. A partir de la identificación de estas vías metabólicas alteradas como posibles dianas de los medicamentos, la administración diferenciada de sustancias (combinadas o por separado) reveló que, para prevenir los cambios negativos inducidos por la HF en las vías metabólicas de ratones, la coadministración de estaquiosa y polifenoles de té resultó ser un método más efectivo que el tratamiento con estaquiosa o con polifenoles de té por separado. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los ácidos betahidroxibutírico, elaídico y oleico son biomarcadores potenciales para la NAFLD inducida por HF y que la coadministración constituye una estrategia preventiva innovadora.

KEYWORDS:

• High fructose
• liver damage
• metabolomics
• stachyose
• tea polyphenols

PALABRAS CLAVE:

• Alta fructosa
• daño hepático
• metabolómica
• estaquiosa
• polifenoles de té

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671823), and the Development Program for Innovative Research Team of Shaanxi Normal University, China (GK201501006), as well as Science and Technology Innovation as a Whole Plan Projects of Shaanxi Province, China (2015KTCQ02-01).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671823), and the Development Program for Innovative Research Team of Shaanxi Normal University, China (GK201501006), as well as Science and Technology Innovation as a Whole Plan Projects of Shaanxi Province, China (2015KTCQ02-01).