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Original Articles

The hemipenis of lacertid lizards (Reptilia: Lacertidae): structure, variation and systematic implications

Pages 1221-1257 | Accepted 17 Dec 1985, Published online: 17 Feb 2007

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (4)

Xianguang Guo, Xiaopeng Huo, Jinlong Liu & Marina A. Chirikova. (2022) Complete mitochondrial genome of the Kyrghyz racerunner (Eremias nikolskii Bedriaga, 1905) from Kyrgyzstan. Mitochondrial DNA Part B 7:6, pages 983-985.
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Daniele Salvi, Pierluigi Bombi & Leonardo Vignoli. (2011) Phylogenetic position of the southern rock lizard Australolacerta australis within the Lacertidae radiation. African Journal of Herpetology 60:1, pages 60-69.
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Anna V Albano de Mello, Renato S Recoder, Antoine Fouquet, Miguel T Rodrigues & Pedro M S Nunes. (2024) Integrative taxonomy of the Iphisa elegans species complex (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) leads to the description of five new species . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200:2, pages 477-504.
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Megan Folwell, Kate Sanders & Jenna Crowe-Riddell. (2022) The Squamate Clitoris: A Review and Directions for Future Research. Integrative And Comparative Biology 62:3, pages 559-568.
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Alessandro Vetere, Michela Ablondi, Enrico Bigliardi, Matteo Rizzi & Francesco Di Ianni. (2022) Sex Determination in Immature Sierra Nevada Lizard (Timon nevadensis). Animals 12:16, pages 2144.
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Giovanna G. Montingelli, David J. Gower & Hussam Zaher. 2022. The Origin and Early Evolutionary History of Snakes. The Origin and Early Evolutionary History of Snakes 351 388 .
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Cristian Pizzigalli, Pierre‐André Crochet, Philippe Geniez, Fernando Martínez‐Freiría, Guillermo Velo‐Antón & José Carlos Brito. (2021) Phylogeographic diversification of the Mesalina olivieri species complex (Squamata: Lacertidae) with the description of a new species and a new subspecies endemic from North West Africa . Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59:8, pages 2321-2349.
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K. S. Martin, A. F. Kahrl, B. Ivanov & M. A. Johnson. (2021) Use it and bruise it: copulation rates are associated with muscle inflammation across anole lizard species. Journal of Zoology 314:3, pages 187-193.
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Muazzam Ali Khan, Daniel Jablonski, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem, Rafaqat Masroor, Christian Kehlmaier, Cäcilia Spitzweg & Uwe Fritz. (2020) Molecular phylogeny of Eremias spp. from Pakistan contributes to a better understanding of the diversity of racerunners . Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59:2, pages 466-483.
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A. M. Quipildor, M. R. Ruiz‐Monachesi, S. Ruiz, T. N. Hibbard, S. Valdecantos & F. Lobo. (2020) Male genitalia's evolutionary rate is higher than those of body traits: the case of two Liolaemu s lizards' group . Journal of Zoology 313:1, pages 54-65.
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Paola María Sánchez‐Martínez, Martha Patricia Ramírez‐Pinilla, Elson Meneses‐Pelayo & Pedro M. Sales Nunes. (2019) Hemipenial morphology of nine South American species of Mabuya (Scincidae: Lygosominae) with comments on the morphology of the family . The Anatomical Record 303:11, pages 2917-2930.
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Anderson Kennedy Soares De-Lima, Ingrid Pinheiro Paschoaletto, Lorena de Oliveira Pinho, Piktor Benmamman & Julia Klaczko. (2019) Are hemipenial traits under sexual selection in Tropidurus lizards? Hemipenial development, male and female genital morphology, allometry and coevolution in Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae). PLOS ONE 14:7, pages e0219053.
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M.R. Ruiz-MonachesiA. PazM. Quipildor. (2019) Hemipenes eversion behavior: a new form of communication in two Liolaemus lizards (Iguania: Liolaemidae) . Canadian Journal of Zoology 97:3, pages 187-194.
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M. QuipildorA.S. QuinterosF. Lobo. (2018) Structure, variation, and systematic implications of the hemipenes of liolaemid lizards (Reptilia: Liolaemidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 96:9, pages 987-995.
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Vicente M. Ortuño & Oscar Arribas. (2018) A revision of the Cymindis ehlersi complex (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiinae) with description of a new species and ecological notes. Zoologischer Anzeiger 276, pages 1-14.
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Julia Klaczko, Casey A Gilman & Duncan J Irschick. (2017) Hemipenis shape and hindlimb size are highly correlated in Anolis lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.
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Sergio Naretto, Cecilia S. Blengini, Gabriela Cardozo & Margarita Chiaraviglio. (2016) Pre- and Postcopulatory Traits of Salvator Male Lizards in Allopatry and Sympatry . Scientifica 2016, pages 1-9.
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Julia Klaczko & Yoel Stuart. (2015) Hemipenial Allometry in Anolis grahami . Journal of Herpetology 49:3, pages 462-467.
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Martín Martínez‐Torres, Beatriz Rubio‐Morales, José Juan Piña‐Amado & Juana Luis. (2015) Hemipenes in females of the mexican viviparous lizard Barisia imbricata (Squamata: Anguidae): an example of heterochrony in sexual development . Evolution & Development 17:5, pages 270-277.
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Soledad Valdecantos & Fernando Lobo. (2015) First Report of Hemiclitores in Females of South American Liolaemid Lizards. Journal of Herpetology 49:2, pages 291-294.
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P. Kapli, P. Lymberakis, P.‐A. Crochet, P. Geniez, J. C. Brito, M. Almutairi, F. Ahmadzadeh, A. Schmitz, T. Wilms, N. R. Pouyani & N. Poulakakis. (2014) Historical biogeography of the lacertid lizard Mesalina in North Africa and the Middle East . Journal of Biogeography 42:2, pages 267-279.
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Marissa L. Gredler, Thomas J. Sanger & Martin J. Cohn. (2015) Development of the Cloaca, Hemipenes, and Hemiclitores in the Green Anole, <b><i>Anolis carolinensis</i></b>. Sexual Development 9:1, pages 21-33.
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Francesco Di Ianni, Antonella Volta, Igor Pelizzone, Sabrina Manfredi, Giacomo Gnudi & Enrico Parmigiani. (2014) DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY OF ULTRASOUND, RADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR GENDER DETERMINATION IN FOUR SPECIES OF LIZARDS. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 56:1, pages 40-45.
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J. Klaczko, T. Ingram & J. Losos. (2015) Genitals evolve faster than other traits in A nolis lizards . Journal of Zoology 295:1, pages 44-48.
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Pedro M. Sales Nunes, Felipe F. Curcio, Juliana G. Roscito & Miguel T. Rodrigues. (2014) Are Hemipenial Spines Related to Limb Reduction? A Spiny Discussion Focused on Gymnophthalmid Lizards (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). The Anatomical Record 297:3, pages 482-495.
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Marissa L. Gredler, Christine E. Larkins, Francisca Leal, A. Kelsey Lewis, Ana M. Herrera, Claire L. Perriton, Thomas J. Sanger & Martin J. Cohn. (2014) Evolution of External Genitalia: Insights from Reptilian Development. Sexual Development 8:5, pages 311-326.
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PEDRO M. SALES NUNES, ANTOINE FOUQUET, FELIPE F. CURCIO, PHILIPPE J. R. KOK & MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES. (2012) Cryptic species in Iphisa elegans Gray, 1851 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) revealed by hemipenial morphology and molecular data . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166:2, pages 361-376.
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ANTIGONI KALIONTZOPOULOU, MIGUEL A. CARRETERO & GUSTAVO A. LLORENTE. (2012) Morphology of the Podarcis wall lizards (Squamata: Lacertidae) from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa: patterns of variation in a putative cryptic species complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 164:1, pages 173-193.
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ELI GREENBAUM, CESAR O. VILLANUEVA, CHIFUNDERA KUSAMBA, MWENEBATU M. ARISTOTE & WILLIAM R. BRANCH. (2011) A molecular phylogeny of Equatorial African Lacertidae, with the description of a new genus and species from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163:3, pages 913-942.
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Xianguang Guo, Xin Dai, Dali Chen, Theodore J. Papenfuss, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Daniel A. Melnikov & Yuezhao Wang. (2011) Phylogeny and divergence times of some racerunner lizards (Lacertidae: Eremias) inferred from mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene segments. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61:2, pages 400-412.
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Michele A. Johnson & Juli Wade. 2011. Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates. Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates 39 61 .
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E. RASTEGAR POUYANI, N. RASTEGAR POUYANI, S. KAZEMI NOUREINI, U. JOGER & M. WINK. (2010) Molecular phylogeny of the Eremias persica complex of the Iranian plateau (Reptilia: Lacertidae), based on mtDNA sequences. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158:3, pages 641-660.
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Miguel M. Fonseca, José C. Brito, Octávio S. Paulo, Miguel A. Carretero & D. James Harris. (2009) Systematic and phylogeographical assessment of the Acanthodactylus erythrurus group (Reptilia: Lacertidae) based on phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51:2, pages 131-142.
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P. Kapli, P. Lymberakis, N. Poulakakis, G. Mantziou, A. Parmakelis & M. Mylonas. (2008) Molecular phylogeny of three Mesalina (Reptilia: Lacertidae) species (M. guttulata, M. brevirostris and M. bahaeldini) from North Africa and the Middle East: Another case of paraphyly?. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49:1, pages 102-110.
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Jane S. Makokha, Aaron M. Bauer, Werner Mayer & Conrad A. Matthee. (2007) Nuclear and mtDNA-based phylogeny of southern African sand lizards, Pedioplanis (Sauria: Lacertidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44:2, pages 622-633.
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Melissa M. Holmes, Casey L. Bartrem & Juli Wade. (2007) Androgen dependent seasonal changes in muscle fiber type in the dewlap neuromuscular system of green anoles. Physiology & Behavior 91:5, pages 601-608.
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HIDETOSHI OTA, MASANAO HONDA, SZU-LUNG CHEN, TSUTOMU HIKIDA, SOMSAK PANHA, HONG-SHIK OH & MASAFUMI MATSUI. (2002) Phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy, character evolution and biogeography of the lacertid lizards of the genus Takydromus (Reptilia: Squamata): a molecular perspective. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 76:4, pages 493-509.
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Herman AJ in den Bosch. (2001) Male lizards change their genital skin almost every day: squamate pan-epidermal synchrony refuted. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:3, pages 512-516.
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D. James Harris & E. Nicholas Arnold. (2006) Elucidation of the relationships of spiny‐footed lizards, Acanthodactylus spp. (Reptilia: Lacertidae) using mitochondrial DNA sequence, with comments on their biogeography and evolution . Journal of Zoology 252:3, pages 351-362.
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D. James Harris, E. Nicholas Arnold & Richard H. Thomas. (2006) A phylogeny of the European lizard genus Algyroides (Reptilia: Lacertidae) based on DNA sequences, with comments on the evolution of the group . Journal of Zoology 249:1, pages 49-60.
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J. SCOTT KEOGH. (1999) Evolutionary implications of hemipenial morphology in the terrestrial Australian elapid snakes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 125:2, pages 239-278.
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