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Forensic Applications

Symptom Validity Test Failure Indicates Invalidity of Neuropsychological Tests

Pages 488-495 | Accepted 04 Jan 2011, Published online: 11 Apr 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (31)

Melanie A. Mascarenhas, Jessica L. Cocunato, Irene T. Armstrong, Allyson G. Harrison & Konstantine K. Zakzanis. (2023) Base rates of non-credible performance in a post-secondary student sample seeking accessibility accommodations. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 37:8, pages 1608-1628.
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Kaley Boress, Owen J. Gaasedelen, Anna Croghan, Marcie King Johnson, Kristen Caraher, Michael R. Basso & Douglas M. Whiteside. (2022) Validation of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) scale of scales in a mixed clinical sample. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 36:7, pages 1844-1859.
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Chloe A. Huston & Amir M. Poreh. (2022) Preliminary validation of the computerized N-Tri - A Tri-Choice naming and response bias test. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 0:0, pages 1-7.
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Kevin J. Reilly, Stephen S. Kalat, Anne H. Richardson & Patrick Armistead-Jehle. (2021) Preliminary investigation of the Denver Attention Test (DAT) in a mixed clinical sample. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 28:2, pages 158-164.
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Kasey Metcalf, Mark Sabaz, Maysaa Daher & Grahame Simpson. (2020) Measuring reliable change in traumatic brain injury (TBI): The pitfalls of using readily available formulae. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 27:5, pages 421-430.
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Steve Rubenzer. (2020) The Case for Assessing for Negative Response Bias, Not Malingering. Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice 20:4, pages 323-340.
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James Tonks, Charlotte Katie Whitfield, W. Huw Williams, Alan M. Slater & Ian J. Frampton. (2020) “Must try harder.” Is effort and performance validity testing a necessary part of pediatric neuropsychological assessment?. Applied Neuropsychology: Child 9:2, pages 97-105.
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Jeroen J. Roor, Hans Knoop, Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald, Maarten J.V. Peters, Gijs Bleijenberg & Rudolf W.H.M. Ponds. (2020) Feedback on underperformance in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: The impact on subsequent neuropsychological test performance. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 27:2, pages 188-196.
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Catherine Lee, Nancy Landre & Jerry J. Sweet. (2019) Performance validity on the Stroop Color and Word Test in a mixed forensic and patient sample. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 33:8, pages 1403-1419.
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Douglas P. Terry, Michelle Brassil, Grant L. Iverson, William J. Panenka & Noah D. Silverberg. (2019) Effect of depression on cognition after mild traumatic brain injury in adults. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 33:1, pages 124-136.
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Scott Roye, Matthew Calamia, Kevin Greve, Kevin Bianchini, Luis Aguerrevere & Kelly Curtis. (2018) Further validation of booklet category test subscales for learning, set loss, and memory in a mixed clinical sample. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 25:1, pages 11-18.
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Michael E. Keesler, Kirstie McClung, Tawny Meredith-Duliba, Kelli Williams & Thomas Swirsky-Sacchetti. (2017) Red flags in the clinical interview may forecast invalid neuropsychological testing. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 31:3, pages 619-631.
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Patrick Armistead-Jehle, Beth J. Lange & Paul Green. (2017) Comparison of Neuropsychological and Balance Performance Validity Testing. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 24:2, pages 190-197.
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Patrick Armistead-Jehle & Paul Green. (2016) Model for the effects of invalid styles of response. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 23:6, pages 449-458.
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Graham M. Silk-Eglit, Andrea S. Miele, Jessica H. Stenclik, Julie K. Lynch & Robert J. McCaffrey. (2015) Evaluation of the Generalizability of the Number of Abnormal Scores and the Overall Test Battery Mean as Measures of Performance Validity to a Different Test Battery. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:6, pages 399-406.
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Graham M. Silk-Eglit, Jessica H. Stenclik, Andrea S. Miele, Julie K. Lynch & Robert J. McCaffrey. (2015) Rates of False-Positive Classification Resulting From the Analysis of Additional Embedded Performance Validity Measures. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:5, pages 335-347.
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Paul Green & Lloyd Flaro. (2015) Results From Three Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) in Adults With Intellectual Deficits. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:4, pages 293-303.
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Graham M. Silk-Eglit, Jessica H. Stenclik, Andrea S. Miele, Julie K. Lynch & Robert J. McCaffrey. (2015) Performance Validity Classification Accuracy of Single-, Pairwise-, and Triple-Failure Models Using the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery for Adults. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:4, pages 271-281.
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Patrick Armistead-Jehle & Robert L. Denney. (2015) The Detection of Feigned Impairment Using the WMT, MSVT, and NV-MSVT. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:2, pages 147-155.
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Angela Fleming & Karen Rucas. (2015) Welcoming a Paradigm Shift in Occupational Therapy: Symptom Validity Measures and Cognitive Assessment. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:1, pages 23-31.
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Harald Merckelbach, Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald, Peter van Mulken, Rudolf Ponds & Elly Niesten. (2015) Exaggerating Psychopathology Produces Residual Effects That Are Resistant to Corrective Feedback: An Experimental Demonstration. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22:1, pages 16-22.
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Alfons van Impelen, Harald Merckelbach, Marko Jelicic & Thomas Merten. (2014) The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 28:8, pages 1336-1365.
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Alexandra L. Clark, Melissa M. Amick, Catherine Fortier, William P. Milberg & Regina E. McGlinchey. (2014) Poor Performance Validity Predicts Clinical Characteristics and Cognitive Test Performance of OEF/OIF/OND Veterans in a Research Setting. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 28:5, pages 802-825.
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NatalieE. Hampson, Steven Kemp, AnthonyK. Coughlan†ChrisJ. A. Moulin & BipinB. Bhakta. (2014) Effort Test Performance in Clinical Acute Brain Injury, Community Brain Injury, and Epilepsy Populations. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 21:3, pages 183-194.
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Jeremy J. Davis, Bradley N. Axelrod, Tara S. McHugh, Robin A. Hanks & Scott R. Millis. (2013) Number of impaired scores as a performance validity indicator. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 35:4, pages 413-420.
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Jeremy J. Davis, Tara S. McHugh, Bradley N. Axelrod & Robin A. Hanks. (2012) Performance Validity and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Litigants and Disability Claimants. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 26:5, pages 850-865.
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Rael T. Lange, Sonal Pancholi, Aditya Bhagwat, Victoria Anderson-Barnes & Louis M. French. (2012) Influence of poor effort on neuropsychological test performance in U.S. military personnel following mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 34:5, pages 453-466.
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Articles from other publishers (38)

Thomas M. Gates, Kasey Metcalf, Mark Sabaz, Kate Young, Thushara Anandakumar & Grahame K. Simpson. (2022) What are the predictors of TOMM failure in clinical TBI populations? A retrospective analysis. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29:4, pages 336-345.
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Daniel Uiterwijk, Robyn Stargatt, Sam Humphrey & Simon F. Crowe. (2021) The Relationship Between Cognitive Functioning and Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adults with a Traumatic Brain Injury: a Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychology Review 32:4, pages 758-806.
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Daniel Uiterwijk, Robyn Stargatt & Simon F Crowe. (2022) Objective Cognitive Outcomes and Subjective Emotional Sequelae in Litigating Adults with a Traumatic Brain Injury: The Impact of Performance and Symptom Validity Measures. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 37:8, pages 1662-1687.
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Natalie Sherry, Nathan Ernst, Jonathan E. French, Shawn Eagle, Michael Collins & Anthony Kontos. (2022) Performance Validity Testing in Patients Presenting to a Specialty Clinic With a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 37:3, pages E135-E143.
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Stephen L. Aita & Benjamin D. Hill. 2022. Positive Neuropsychology. Positive Neuropsychology 161 185 .
Patrick Armistead-Jehle, Robert L. Denney & Robert D. Shura. 2021. Detection of Malingering during Head Injury Litigation. Detection of Malingering during Head Injury Litigation 223 243 .
Scott A. Bishop & J. Patrick Neary. (2017) Assessing prefrontal cortex oxygenation after sport concussion with near‐infrared spectroscopy. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging 38:4, pages 573-585.
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Stephan Kennepohl. (2019) VALIDITÉ ET CRÉDIBILITÉ DANS LE CONTEXTE DE L’EXPERTISE EN NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE CLINIQUE. Revue québécoise de psychologie 39:3, pages 51-74.
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Rachael L. Ellison & Monica Stika. (2020) Feedback on Invalid Neuropsychological Testing: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). Journal of Health Service Psychology 44:1, pages 19-23.
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Douwe van der Heide, Irena Boskovic & Harald Merckelbach. (2017) Standard Symptom Inventories for Asylum Seekers in a Psychiatric Hospital: Limited Utility Due to Poor Symptom Validity. Psychological Injury and Law 10:4, pages 358-367.
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Adam H. Crighton, Anthony M. Tarescavage, Roger O. Gervais & Yossef S. Ben-Porath. (2015) The Generalizability of Overreporting Across Self-Report Measures: An Investigation With the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2–Restructured Form and the Personality Assessment Inventory in a Civil Disability Sample. Assessment 24:5, pages 555-574.
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Zilong Liu, Juan Dong, Xiaohong Zhao, Xiaorui Chen, Sara M. Lippa, Jerome S. Caroselli & Xiang Fang. (2016) Assessment of feigned cognitive impairment in severe traumatic brain injury patients with the Forced‐choice Graphics Memory Test. Brain and Behavior 6:12.
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Alvin Jones. (2016) Cutoff Scores for MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF Cognitive-Somatic Validity Scales for Psychometrically Defined Malingering Groups in a Military Sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 31:7, pages 786-801.
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David M. Barry & Mark L. Ettenhofer. (2016) Assessment of Performance Validity Using Embedded Saccadic and Manual Indices on a Continuous Performance Test. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology.
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RyAnna Zenisek, Scott R. Millis, Sarah J. Banks & Justin B. Miller. (2016) Prevalence of below-criterion Reliable Digit Span scores in a clinical sample of older adults. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 31:5, pages 426-433.
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Graham M. Silk-Eglit, Julie K. Lynch & Robert J. McCaffrey. (2016) Validation of Victoria Symptom Validity Test Cutoff Scores among Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Litigants Using a Known-Groups Design. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 31:3, pages 231-245.
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Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald, Björn van Twillert, Peter van de Sande, Yindee van Os & Rudolf W.H.M. Ponds. (2016) Poor symptom and performance validity in regularly referred Hospital outpatients: Link with standard clinical measures, and role of incentives. Psychiatry Research 239, pages 47-53.
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Wesley Cole & Jason Bailie. 2015. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury 379 394 .
G. Foussias, I. Siddiqui, G. Fervaha, S. Mann, K. McDonald, O. Agid, K.K. Zakzanis & G. Remington. (2015) Motivated to do well: An examination of the relationships between motivation, effort, and cognitive performance in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 166:1-3, pages 276-282.
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G. M. Silk-Eglit, J. H. Stenclik, B. E. Gavett, J. W. Adams, J. K. Lynch & R. J. Mccaffrey. (2014) Base Rate of Performance Invalidity among Non-Clinical Undergraduate Research Participants. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 29:5, pages 415-421.
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B. Dandachi-FitzGerald, R. W. H. M. Ponds & T. Merten. (2013) Symptom Validity and Neuropsychological Assessment: A Survey of Practices and Beliefs of Neuropsychologists in Six European Countries. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 28:8, pages 771-783.
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Jerry J. Sweet, Daniel J. Goldman & Leslie M. Guidotti Breting. (2013) Traumatic Brain Injury: Guidance in a Forensic Context from Outcome, Dose–Response, and Response Bias Research. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 31:6, pages 756-778.
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J. Preiss & M. Preiss. (2013) Assessing Neuropsychological Impairment Using Reitan and Wolfson's Screening Battery. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 28:5, pages 492-498.
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Kenneth R. Morel. (2013) Cutoff Scores for the Morel Emotional Numbing Test for PTSD: Considerations for Use in VA Mental Health Examinations. Psychological Injury and Law 6:2, pages 138-143.
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P. Armistead-Jehle & B. Buican. (2013) Comparison of Select Advanced Clinical Solutions Embedded Effort Measures to the Word Memory Test in the Detection of Suboptimal Effort. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 28:3, pages 297-301.
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William J. Stejskal. 2013. Clinical Guide to Mental Disability Evaluations. Clinical Guide to Mental Disability Evaluations 127 154 .
A. C. Russo. (2012) Symptom Validity Test Performance and Consistency of Self-Reported Memory Functioning of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans with Positive Veteran Health Administration Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluations. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27:8, pages 840-848.
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P. Armistead-Jehle & B. Buican. (2012) Evaluation Context and Symptom Validity Test Performances in a U.S. Military Sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27:8, pages 828-839.
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K. Y. An, K. K. Zakzanis & S. Joordens. (2012) Conducting Research with Non-clinical Healthy Undergraduates: Does Effort Play a Role in Neuropsychological Test Performance?. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27:8, pages 849-857.
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P. Armistead-Jehle, R. O. Gervais & P. Green. (2012) Memory Complaints Inventory and Symptom Validity Test Performance in a Clinical Sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27:7, pages 725-734.
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