Advanced search
Publication Cover
Leadership and Policy in Schools Volume 6, 2007 - Issue 1: The Leading Edge of Distributed Leadership Research
Submit an article Journal homepage
6,879
Views
193
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Distributing Leadership to Make Schools Smarter: Taking the Ego Out of the System

Kenneth Leithwood Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, CanadaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Blair Mascall Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,
Tiiu Strauss Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,
Robin Sacks Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,
Nadeem Memon Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
&
Anna Yashkina Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Pages 37-67 | Published online: 16 Feb 2007

Citations (193)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (50)

Yan Liu & Sheldon Watson. (2023) Whose leadership role is more substantial for teacher professional collaboration, job satisfaction and organizational commitment: a lens of distributed leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education 26:6, pages 1082-1110.
Read now
Laurien Coenen, Annie Hondeghem & Wouter Schelfhout. (2023) The emergence of leadership for learning beliefs among Flemish secondary school leaders. International Journal of Leadership in Education 26:5, pages 854-872.
Read now
Jeremy D. Visone. (2023) Stepping up and Supporting Colleagues: Teacher Leadership during the COVID-19 Pandemic in US National Blue Ribbon Schools. Leadership and Policy in Schools 0:0, pages 1-27.
Read now
Gloria A. Koh, Helen Askell-Williams & Shyam Barr. (2023) Sustaining school improvement initiatives: advice from educational leaders. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 34:3, pages 298-330.
Read now
Ling Li & Yan Liu. (2022) An integrated model of principal transformational leadership and teacher leadership that is related to teacher self-efficacy and student academic performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Education 42:4, pages 661-678.
Read now
Yan Liu, Ling Li & Chen Huang. (2022) To what extent is shared instructional leadership related to teacher self-efficacy and student academic performance in China?. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 33:3, pages 381-402.
Read now
Sarah Janssens, Sharon Clipperton, Robert Simon, Belinda Lowe, Michael Beckmann & Stuart Marshall. (2022) Clinicians’ attitudes towards a co-leadership structure for maternity emergency teams: An interview study. Journal of Interprofessional Care 0:0, pages 1-9.
Read now
Karen S. Acton. (2022) Environmental teacher leadership: overcoming barriers posed by school culture, school structure, and the principal. International Journal of Leadership in Education 0:0, pages 1-21.
Read now
Deidre Walker, Tena Patten & Simon Stephens. (2022) Peer observation of teaching in a post-primary context. Irish Educational Studies 0:0, pages 1-14.
Read now
Nikola Naumov, Haywantee Ramkissoon & Dean Hristov. (2021) Distributed Leadership in DMOs: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. Tourism Planning & Development 18:4, pages 398-414.
Read now
Sambo Lyson Zulu & Farzad Khosrowshahi. (2021) A taxonomy of digital leadership in the construction industry. Construction Management and Economics 39:7, pages 565-578.
Read now
Kylie Lipscombe, Christine Grice, Sharon Tindall-Ford & John De-Nobile. (2020) Middle leading in Australian schools: professional standards, positions, and professional development. School Leadership & Management 40:5, pages 406-424.
Read now
Roula Rafic Berjaoui & Rima Karami-Akkary. (2020) Distributed Leadership as a Path to Organizational Commitment: The Case of a Lebanese School. Leadership and Policy in Schools 19:4, pages 610-624.
Read now
Jeremy D. Visone. (2020) Teacher leadership for excellence in US National Blue Ribbon Schools. International Journal of Leadership in Education 0:0, pages 1-23.
Read now
Sarah Janssens, Robert Simon, Stephanie Barwick, Sharon Clipperton, Michael Beckmann & Stuart Marshall. (2019) Midwifery leadership in maternity emergencies: a video analysis. Journal of Interprofessional Care 0:0, pages 1-7.
Read now
Darren A. Bryant. (2019) Conditions that support middle leaders’ work in organisational and system leadership: Hong Kong case studies. School Leadership & Management 39:5, pages 415-433.
Read now
Yuhua Bu & Xiao Han. (2019) Promoting the development of backbone teachers through University-School Collaborative Research: the case of New Basic Education (NBE) reform in China. Teachers and Teaching 25:2, pages 200-219.
Read now
Amal Alsaleh. (2019) Investigating instructional leadership in Kuwait's educational reform context: school leaders’ perspectives. School Leadership & Management 39:1, pages 96-120.
Read now
Jiafang Lu & Phillip Hallinger. (2018) A Mirroring Process: From School Management Team Cooperation to Teacher Collaboration. Leadership and Policy in Schools 17:2, pages 238-263.
Read now
Mehmet Sukru Bellibas & Yan Liu. (2018) The effects of principals’ perceived instructional and distributed leadership practices on their perceptions of school climate. International Journal of Leadership in Education 21:2, pages 226-244.
Read now
Johanna Heikka, Leena Halttunen & Manjula Waniganayake. (2018) Perceptions of early childhood education professionals on teacher leadership in Finland. Early Child Development and Care 188:2, pages 143-156.
Read now
Robert E. White, Karyn Cooper & Anwar Ahmed. (2017) Canadian contexts in educational leadership: a hermeneutic approach to distributed leadership for teachers’ professional learning. International Journal of Leadership in Education 20:6, pages 682-696.
Read now
Pan He & Dora Ho. (2017) Leadership for school-based teacher professional development: the experience of a Chinese preschool. International Journal of Leadership in Education 20:6, pages 717-732.
Read now
Michelle D. Young, Erin Anderson & Angel Miles Nash. (2017) Preparing School Leaders: Standards-Based Curriculum in the United States. Leadership and Policy in Schools 16:2, pages 228-271.
Read now
Pascale Benoliel. (2017) Managing senior management team boundaries and school improvement: an investigation of the school leader role. International Journal of Leadership in Education 20:1, pages 57-86.
Read now
Yaşar Kondakci, Merve Zayim, Kadir Beycioglu, Mehmet Sincar & Celal T Ugurlu. (2016) The mediating roles of internal context variables in the relationship between distributed leadership perceptions and continuous change behaviours of public school teachers. Educational Studies 42:4, pages 410-426.
Read now
Aini-Kristiina Jäppinen, Martine Leclerc & Dorit Tubin. (2016) Collaborativeness as the core of professional learning communities beyond culture and context: evidence from Canada, Finland, and Israel. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 27:3, pages 315-332.
Read now
Wendy Fasso, Bruce Allen Knight & Ken Purnell. (2016) Distributed leadership of school curriculum change: an integrative approach. School Leadership & Management 36:2, pages 204-220.
Read now
Matseliso L. Mokhele. (2016) Supporting Teacher Leaders: Principals’ Views in Ten Selected South African Schools. Journal of Social Sciences 46:3, pages 264-270.
Read now
Hedvig Abrahamsen & Marit Aas. (2016) School leadership for the future: heroic or distributed? Translating international discourses in Norwegian policy documents. Journal of Educational Administration and History 48:1, pages 68-88.
Read now
Daniel Nordholm. (2016) Knowledge transfer in school-to-school collaborations: the position of boundary objects and brokers. Education Inquiry 7:4.
Read now
Michelle Jones, Donnie Adams, Mabel Tan Hwee Joo, Vasu Muniandy, Corinne Jacqueline Perera & Alma Harris. (2015) Contemporary challenges and changes: principals' leadership practices in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Journal of Education 35:3, pages 353-365.
Read now
Mimi Engel & Maida A. Finch. (2015) Staffing the Classroom: How Urban Principals Find Teachers and Make Hiring Decisions. Leadership and Policy in Schools 14:1, pages 12-41.
Read now
John B. O’Dwyer & Hilal Handan Atlı. (2015) A study of in-service teacher educator roles, with implications for a curriculum for their professional development. European Journal of Teacher Education 38:1, pages 4-20.
Read now
Daniel Alvunger. (2015) Towards new forms of educational leadership? The local implementation of förstelärare in Swedish schools. Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy 2015:3.
Read now
Salleh Hairon, Jonathan Wee Pin Goh & Tzu-Bin Lin. (2014) Distributed leadership to support PLCs in Asian pragmatic Singapore schools. International Journal of Leadership in Education 17:3, pages 370-386.
Read now
Ann M. Ishimaru & Mollie K. Galloway. (2014) Beyond Individual Effectiveness: Conceptualizing Organizational Leadership for Equity. Leadership and Policy in Schools 13:1, pages 93-146.
Read now
Scott Marsh, Manjula Waniganayake & John De Nobile. (2014) Improving learning in schools: the overarching influence of ‘presence’ on the capacity of authoritative leaders. International Journal of Leadership in Education 17:1, pages 23-39.
Read now
Johanna Heikka & Eeva Hujala. (2013) Early childhood leadership through the lens of distributed leadership. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal 21:4, pages 568-580.
Read now
Jeanne Marie Ho & David Ng. (2012) Factors which impact the distribution of leadership for an ICT reform: expertise vis-à-vis formal role?. School Leadership & Management 32:4, pages 321-339.
Read now
Jean-Louis Denis, Ann Langley & Viviane Sergi. (2012) Leadership in the Plural. The Academy of Management Annals 6:1, pages 211-283.
Read now
Angela Urick & Alex J. Bowers. (2011) What Influences Principals' Perceptions of Academic Climate? A Nationally Representative Study of the Direct Effects of Perception on Climate. Leadership and Policy in Schools 10:3, pages 322-348.
Read now
JamesP. Spillane & BijouR. Hunt. (2010) Days of their lives: a mixed‐methods, descriptive analysis of the men and women at work in the principal’s office. Journal of Curriculum Studies 42:3, pages 293-331.
Read now
Mary Anne Heng & ColinJ. Marsh. (2009) Understanding middle leaders: a closer look at middle leadership in primary schools in Singapore. Educational Studies 35:5, pages 525-536.
Read now
Hester Hulpia, Geert Devos & Yves Rosseel. (2009) The relationship between the perception of distributed leadership in secondary schools and teachers' and teacher leaders' job satisfaction and organizational commitment. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 20:3, pages 291-317.
Read now
Jason Margolis & Angie Deuel. (2009) Teacher Leaders in Action: Motivation, Morality, and Money. Leadership and Policy in Schools 8:3, pages 264-286.
Read now
Jorunn Møller. (2009) Learning to share: a vision of leadership practice. International Journal of Leadership in Education 12:3, pages 253-267.
Read now
Hester Hulpia & Geert Devos. (2009) Exploring the link between distributed leadership and job satisfaction of school leaders. Educational Studies 35:2, pages 153-171.
Read now
Joseph Murphy, Mark Smylie, David Mayrowetz & Karen Seashore Louis. (2009) The role of the principal in fostering the development of distributed leadership. School Leadership & Management 29:2, pages 181-214.
Read now
Jason Margolis. (2008) When teachers face teachers: listening to the resource “right down the hall”. Teaching Education 19:4, pages 293-310.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (143)

Hui-Ling Wendy Pan & Wen-Yan Chen. (2023) School context matters? Faculty trust and academic emphasis moderating the effects of principals' distributed leadership on teacher leadership. Journal of Educational Administration.
Crossref
Liang Huang, Yating Huang & Shike Zhou. (2021) Examining principal leadership effects on teacher professional learning in China: A multilevel analysis. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 51:6, pages 1278-1300.
Crossref
Sophia Rodriguez & Emily R. Crawford. (2022) School-Based Personnel Advocacy for Undocumented Students Through Collective Leadership in Urban Schools: A Comparative Case Study. Journal of Research on Leadership Education 18:3, pages 347-377.
Crossref
Xi Ling, Yu Jie Bai, Bin Bin Li & Zhi Yang. (2023) The application of distributed leadership in middle school classroom. Frontiers in Education 8.
Crossref
Meng Tian & Graham Nutbrown. (2021) Retheorising distributed leadership through epistemic injustice. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 51:4, pages 774-790.
Crossref
Hyunjin Choi & Eleanor Drago-Severson. (2023) Helping Teacher Leadership Teams: Enhancing Teaming by Focusing Knowledge Integration. European Journal of Educational Management 6:2, pages 69-82.
Crossref
Mads Leth Jakobsen, Anne Mette Kjeldsen & Thomas Pallesen. (2021) Distributed leadership and performance‐related employee outcomes in public sector organizations. Public Administration 101:2, pages 500-521.
Crossref
Sambo Lyson Zulu, Ali M. Saad, Saheed O. Ajayi, Mohammed Dulaimi & Maria Unuigbe. (2023) Digital leadership enactment in the construction industry: barriers undermining effective transformation. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
Crossref
Jacqueline Baxter & Melanie Ehren. (2023) Factors contributing to and detracting from relational trust in leadership: The case of primary schools in South Africa. Frontiers in Education 8.
Crossref
Anne Mette Kjeldsen & Lotte Bøgh Andersen. (2021) Leader-Employee Gap in Verbal Transactional Leadership and Distributed Leadership: Evidence From a Randomized Field Experiment. Review of Public Personnel Administration 43:1, pages 80-103.
Crossref
Nurullah Eryilmaz & Andres Sandoval-Hernandez. (2023) Is Distributed Leadership Universal? A Cross-Cultural, Comparative Approach across 40 Countries: An Alignment Optimisation Approach. Education Sciences 13:2, pages 218.
Crossref
Karen Seashore Louis & Joseph F. Murphy. 2023. International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition). International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition) 511 523 .
Peter Sleegers. 2023. International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition). International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition) 216 226 .
Yoshimi OkumuraYoshimi Okumura. 2023. Educational Evaluation and Improvement in Japan. Educational Evaluation and Improvement in Japan 1 11 .
İbrahim Limon, Ümit DİLEKÇİ & Sibel DEMİRER. (2022) The Mediating Role of Initiative Climate on the Relationship between Distributed Leadership and Organizational Resilience in Schools. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 8:1, pages 128-144.
Crossref
Hilal Buyukgoze, Omer Caliskan & Sedat Gümüş. (2022) Linking distributed leadership with collective teacher innovativeness: The mediating roles of job satisfaction and professional collaboration. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, pages 174114322211308.
Crossref
Jennifer Gutberg, Jenna M. Evans, Sobia Khan, Reham Abdelhalim, Walter P. Wodchis & Agnes Grudniewicz. (2021) Implementing Coordinated Care Networks: The Interplay of Individual and Distributed Leadership Practices. Medical Care Research and Review 79:5, pages 650-662.
Crossref
Søren C Winter, Maria Falk Mikkelsen & Peter Rohde Skov. (2022) Individual Agency in Street-Level Bureaucrats’ Implementation of Policy Reforms: The Role of Their Policy Evaluation and Self-efficacy. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 32:4, pages 781-794.
Crossref
Harald Braut, Olaug Øygarden, Marianne Storm & Aslaug Mikkelsen. (2022) General practitioners’ perceptions of distributed leadership in providing integrated care for elderly chronic multi-morbid patients: a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research 22:1.
Crossref
Yuta Arii. (2022) Perceptions of leadership teams regarding organisational knowledge creation through lesson study: perspectives from P. Gronn's hybrid leadership. International Journal for Lesson & Learning Studies 11:3, pages 205-220.
Crossref
Yasemin USTAOĞLU & Aykar TEKİN BOZKURT. (2022) Lider Öğretmen Rolleri ve Davranışların İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Araştırma. Harran Education Journal 7:1, pages 46-68.
Crossref
Megel Ricardo Barker & Shannon Bruce Ramaka. 2022. Handbook of Research on Activating Middle Executives’ Agency to Lead and Manage During Times of Crisis. Handbook of Research on Activating Middle Executives’ Agency to Lead and Manage During Times of Crisis 134 160 .
Thomas Faurholt Jønsson, Christine Maria Unterrainer & Helena Grøn Kähler. (2020) Do autonomous and trusting hospital employees generate, promote and implement more ideas? The role of distributed leadership agency. European Journal of Innovation Management 25:1, pages 55-72.
Crossref
Sarah Janssens, Sharon Clipperton, Robert Simon, Belinda Lowe, Alison Griffin, Michael Beckmann & Stuart Marshall. (2022) Coleadership in Maternity Teams, a Randomized, Counterbalanced, Crossover Trial in Simulation.. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare Publish Ahead of Print.
Crossref
Maria Karadimou & Kostis Tsioumis. (2021) Willingness to Communicate and Collaborate: The Key Role of Educational Leadership in Primary Education. European Journal of Educational Management 4:2, pages 141-155.
Crossref
Meng Tian (田梦) & Tuomo Virtanen. (2020) Shanghai Teachers’ Perceptions of Distributed Leadership: Resources and Agency. ECNU Review of Education 4:4, pages 808-829.
Crossref
Sarah Janssens, Robert Simon, Michael Beckmann & Stuart Marshall. (2021) Shared Leadership in Healthcare Action Teams: A Systematic Review. Journal of Patient Safety 17:8, pages e1441-e1451.
Crossref
Yan Liu. (2021) Distributed leadership practices and student science performance through the four-path model: examining failure in underprivileged schools. Journal of Educational Administration 59:4, pages 472-492.
Crossref
Izhak Berkovich & Ronit Bogler. (2020) Conceptualising the mediating paths linking effective school leadership to teachers’ organisational commitment. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 49:3, pages 410-429.
Crossref
Cailen O'Shea. (2021) Distributed leadership and innovative teaching practices. International Journal of Educational Research Open 2, pages 100088.
Crossref
Irma Rybnikova & Rainhart LangRainhart Lang & Irma Rybnikova. 2021. Aktuelle Führungstheorien und -konzepte. Aktuelle Führungstheorien und -konzepte 181 221 .
Joseph A Raelin. (2020) Hierarchy’s subordination of democracy and how to outrank it. Management Learning 51:5, pages 620-633.
Crossref
Julia E Morris, Geoffrey W Lummis, Graeme Lock, Cath Ferguson, Susan Hill & Annette Nykiel. (2019) The role of leadership in establishing a positive staff culture in a secondary school. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 48:5, pages 802-820.
Crossref
Vicki Stewart Collet, Jason L. Endacott, Christian Zachary Goering, George DennyJennifer A. Jennings & Ginney P. Norton. (2019) Leadership Hybridity: Examining Teachers’ Perceptions of Standards-Based Reform. Journal of School Leadership 30:5, pages 444-464.
Crossref
Juliana Carvalho, Filipe Sobral & Juliana Mansur. (2020) Exploring shared leadership in public organizations: evidence from the educational arena. Revista de Administração Pública 54:3, pages 524-544.
Crossref
Juliana Carvalho, Filipe Sobral & Juliana Mansur. (2020) Explorando a liderança compartilhada em organizações públicas: evidências da arena educacional. Revista de Administração Pública 54:3, pages 524-544.
Crossref
Şöheyda Göktürk, Tijen Tülübaş & Yasin Keklik. (2018) Macro role transition after subtractive status degradation: A case study of Turkish principals. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 48:3, pages 419-439.
Crossref
Sarah Janssens, Robert Simon, Stephanie Barwick, Michael Beckmann & Stuart Marshall. (2020) Leadership sharing in maternity emergency teams: a retrospective cohort study in simulation. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 6:3, pages 135-139.
Crossref
Inmaculada Gómez-Hurtado, Inmaculada González-Falcón, Jose M. Coronel-Llamas & María del Pilar García-Rodríguez. (2020) Distributing Leadership or Distributing Tasks? The Practice of Distributed Leadership by Management and Its Limitations in Two Spanish Secondary Schools. Education Sciences 10:5, pages 122.
Crossref
Peng Liu. (2020) Motivating teachers’ commitment to change through distributed leadership in Chinese urban primary schools. International Journal of Educational Management 34:7, pages 1171-1183.
Crossref
Angelo Paletta, Egle Basyte Ferrari & Genc Alimehmeti. (2019) How Principals Use a New Accountability System to Promote Change in Teacher Practices: Evidence From Italy. Educational Administration Quarterly 56:1, pages 123-173.
Crossref
Patricia Guerrero, Romina Diaz, Ana Hormazabal, Pilar Diez & Valentina Urrutia. (2020) Diriger l’école dans un contexte de néolibéralisme éducatif : comment préserver le sens du travail éducatif au sein de la communautéLeading schools in a context of educational neoliberalism: How to preserve the meaning of educational work in the communityDirigir la escuela hacia el aprendizaje integral y el clima de trabajo positivo en un contexto de neoliberalismo educativo. Cahiers de recherche sociologique:68, pages 49.
Crossref
Tamara B. Lipke. (2019) Leveraging a Handbook for Principal Mentoring: Pathways in a District Context. Journal of School Leadership 30:1, pages 84-100.
Crossref
Stephan Gerhard Huber. 2020. Handbuch Ganztagsbildung. Handbuch Ganztagsbildung 1425 1436 .
Nathern S. A. Okilwa. 2020. Multiculturalism and Multilingualism at the Crossroads of School Leadership. Multiculturalism and Multilingualism at the Crossroads of School Leadership 111 130 .
Steve Myran & Ian Sutherland. (2018) Defining Learning in Educational Leadership: Reframing the Narrative. Educational Administration Quarterly 55:4, pages 657-696.
Crossref
Marit Aas & Jan Merok Paulsen. (2019) National strategy for supporting school principal’s instructional leadership. Journal of Educational Administration 57:5, pages 540-553.
Crossref
Martin Brown, Gerry McNamara, Joe O’Hara, Stafford Hood, Denise Burns & Gül Kurum. (2017) Evaluating the impact of distributed culturally responsive leadership in a disadvantaged rural primary school in Ireland. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 47:3, pages 457-474.
Crossref
Yan Liu & Jacob Werblow. (2019) The operation of distributed leadership and the relationship with organizational commitment and job satisfaction of principals and teachers: A multi-level model and meta-analysis using the 2013 TALIS data. International Journal of Educational Research 96, pages 41-55.
Crossref
Jonathan Wee Pin Goh, Salleh Hairon & Simon Q. W. Lim. 2019. Perspectives on School Leadership in Asia Pacific Contexts. Perspectives on School Leadership in Asia Pacific Contexts 11 29 .
David MorrisDavid Morris. 2019. Student Voice and Teacher Professional Development. Student Voice and Teacher Professional Development 1 23 .
Durdağı AKAN & Muhammet Emre KILIÇ. (2018) Dağıtımcı Liderliğe İlişkin Öğretmen GörüşleriTeachers Views About Distributed Leadership. Turkish Journal of Educational Studies 5:3, pages 22-40.
Crossref
Erin Anderson & Diana G. Pounder. 2018. The Wiley Handbook of Educational Supervision. The Wiley Handbook of Educational Supervision 533 554 .
Charlotte Jonasson, Anne Mette Kjeldsen & Maria Shubhra Ovesen. (2018) Dynamics of distributed leadership during a hospital merger. Journal of Health Organization and Management 32:5, pages 691-707.
Crossref
Jessica Holloway, Ann Nielsen & Sarah Saltmarsh. (2017) Prescribed distributed leadership in the era of accountability. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 46:4, pages 538-555.
Crossref
Yan Liu, Mehmet Sukru Bellibas & Susan Printy. (2016) How school context and educator characteristics predict distributed leadership. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 46:3, pages 401-423.
Crossref
Yongmei Ni, Rui Yan & Diana Pounder. (2017) Collective Leadership: Principals’ Decision Influence and the Supportive or Inhibiting Decision Influence of Other Stakeholders. Educational Administration Quarterly 54:2, pages 216-248.
Crossref
Pascale Benoliel & Anit Somech. (2018) A New Perspective for Understanding School Managers’ Roles: The Impact of Principals’ Boundary Activities on the Effectiveness of School Management Teams. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120:3, pages 1-40.
Crossref
Anna Sun & Jiangang Xia. (2018) Teacher-perceived distributed leadership, teacher self-efficacy and job satisfaction: A multilevel SEM approach using the 2013 TALIS data. International Journal of Educational Research 92, pages 86-97.
Crossref
Peter GrootenboerPeter Grootenboer. 2018. The Practices of School Middle Leadership. The Practices of School Middle Leadership 21 41 .
Leon de Bruin. 2018. Creativity Policy, Partnerships and Practice in Education. Creativity Policy, Partnerships and Practice in Education 167 191 .
Karin Rönnerman, Peter Grootenboer & Christine Edwards-Groves. (2017) The practice architectures of middle leading in early childhood education. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy 11:1.
Crossref
Carl-Henrik Adolfsson & Daniel Alvunger. (2017) The nested systems of local school development: Understanding improved interaction and capacities in the different sub-systems of schools. Improving Schools 20:3, pages 195-208.
Crossref
Denise Hawkes, Carol Johansson & Catherine McSweeney. (2017) Distributed leadership and research degree administration. Management in Education 31:4, pages 194-199.
Crossref
Christine Unterrainer, Hans Jeppe Jeppesen & Thomas Faurholt Jønsson. (2017) Distributed Leadership Agency and Its Relationship to Individual Autonomy and Occupational Self-Efficacy: a Two Wave-Mediation Study in Denmark. Humanistic Management Journal 2:1, pages 57-81.
Crossref
Aisha Salim Ali Al-Harthi & Yasser F. Hendawy Al-Mahdy. (2017) Distributed leadership and school effectiveness in Egypt and Oman: an exploratory study. International Journal of Educational Management 31:6, pages 801-813.
Crossref
Caitlin C. Farrell & Cynthia E. Coburn. (2016) Absorptive capacity: A conceptual framework for understanding district central office learning. Journal of Educational Change 18:2, pages 135-159.
Crossref
Dong Thanh Nguyen, David Ng & Pui San Yap. (2017) Instructional leadership structure in Singapore: a co-existence of hierarchy and heterarchy. Journal of Educational Administration 55:2, pages 147-167.
Crossref
Jaime Lester & Adrianne Kezar. (2017) Strategies and Challenges for Distributing Leadership in Communities of Practice. Journal of Leadership Studies 10:4, pages 17-34.
Crossref
Lindie Clark. 2017. Learning Through Community Engagement. Learning Through Community Engagement 133 151 .
Mariella Knapp & Stefan Hopmann. 2017. Bridging Educational Leadership, Curriculum Theory and Didaktik. Bridging Educational Leadership, Curriculum Theory and Didaktik 229 256 .
John Malloy & Kenneth Leithwood. 2017. How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success. How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success 69 91 .
James Spillane. 2017. How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success. How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success 49 67 .
Pablo López-Alfaro, Francisco Osorio-González, Verónica Gallegos-Araya & María Dolores Cáceres-Cadena. (2016) Liderazgo escolar y eficacia colectiva en escuelas públicas de Bogotá. Magis. Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación 9:18, pages 67.
Crossref
Matthew A. Kraft & Allison F. Gilmour. (2016) Can Principals Promote Teacher Development as Evaluators? A Case Study of Principals’ Views and Experiences. Educational Administration Quarterly 52:5, pages 711-753.
Crossref
Thomas Jønsson, Christine Unterrainer, Hans-Jeppe Jeppesen & Ajay Kumar Jain. (2016) Measuring distributed leadership agency in a hospital context. Journal of Health Organization and Management 30:6, pages 908-926.
Crossref
Jan Merok Paulsen, Kjell Brynjulf Hjertø & Saku Petteri Tihveräinen. (2016) Exploring the moral and distributive levers for teacher empowerment in the Finnish policy culture. International Journal of Educational Management 30:6, pages 756-770.
Crossref
Lokman Mohd Tahir, Sui Liang Lee, Mohammed Borhandden Musah, Hadijah Jaffri, Mohd Nihra Haruzuan Mohamad Said & Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin. (2016) Challenges in distributed leadership: evidence from the perspective of headteachers. International Journal of Educational Management 30:6, pages 848-863.
Crossref
Daniele Binci, Corrado Cerruti & Ashley Braganza. (2016) Do vertical and shared leadership need each other in change management?. Leadership & Organization Development Journal 37:5, pages 558-578.
Crossref
Daniel Alvunger. (2016) Vocational teachers taking the lead: VET teachers and the career services for teachers reform in Sweden. Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, pages 32-52.
Crossref
Meng Tian, Mika Risku & Kaija Collin. (2015) A meta-analysis of distributed leadership from 2002 to 2013. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 44:1, pages 146-164.
Crossref
Stylianos Sergis & Demetrios G. Sampson. 2016. ICT in Education in Global Context. ICT in Education in Global Context 145 171 .
Stylianos Sergis & Demetrios G. Sampson. 2016. Competencies in Teaching, Learning and Educational Leadership in the Digital Age. Competencies in Teaching, Learning and Educational Leadership in the Digital Age 79 122 .
Greer Johnson, Neil Dempster & Elizabeth Wheeley. 2016. Leadership in Diverse Learning Contexts. Leadership in Diverse Learning Contexts 3 31 .
Katina Pollock & David Cameron Hauseman. 2016. A Decade of Research on School Principals. A Decade of Research on School Principals 211 244 .
Anat Abramovich & Yahavit Loria. (2015) The Long-Term Impact of an Education for Sustainability Course on Israeli Science and Technology Teachers’ Pro-Environment Awareness, Commitment and Behaviour. Australian Journal of Environmental Education 31:2, pages 264-279.
Crossref
Salleh Hairon & Jonathan WP Goh. (2014) Pursuing the elusive construct of distributed leadership. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 43:5, pages 693-718.
Crossref
Kelzang Tashi. (2015) A quantitative analysis of distributed leadership in practice: Teachers’ perception of their engagement in four dimensions of distributed leadership in Bhutanese schools. Asia Pacific Education Review 16:3, pages 353-366.
Crossref
James Spillane. (2015) Leadership and Learning: Conceptualizing Relations between School Administrative Practice and Instructional Practice. Societies 5:2, pages 277-294.
Crossref
Linda C. Lee. (2015) School performance trajectories and the challenges for principal succession. Journal of Educational Administration 53:2, pages 262-286.
Crossref
Peter Gronn. (2015) The view from inside leadership configurations. Human Relations 68:4, pages 545-560.
Crossref
Mette Liljenberg. (2014) Distributing leadership to establish developing and learning school organisations in the Swedish context. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 43:1, pages 152-170.
Crossref
Oddrun Samdal & Louise Rowling. 2015. Schools for Health and Sustainability. Schools for Health and Sustainability 233 252 .
Brian O. BrentKaren J. DeangelisBarbara M. Surash. (2014) Secondary School Department Chair Roles: Principal Expectations. Journal of School Leadership 24:5, pages 882-917.
Crossref
James P. Spillane & Linda C. Lee. (2013) Novice School Principals’ Sense of Ultimate Responsibility. Educational Administration Quarterly 50:3, pages 431-465.
Crossref
Peter J.C. Sleegers, Eric E.J. Thoonen, Frans J. Oort & Thea T.D. Peetsma. (2014) Changing classroom practices: the role of school-wide capacity for sustainable improvement. Journal of Educational Administration 52:5, pages 617-652.
Crossref
Shelby Cosner. (2014) Cultivating Collaborative Data Practices as a Schoolwide Improvement Strategy: A Phase-Based Model of School Leadership Supports. Journal of School Leadership 24:4, pages 691-724.
Crossref
J. Brett Lemley, Gary Schumacher & Winona Vesey. (2014) What Learning Environments Best Address 21st-Century Students’ Perceived Needs at the Secondary Level of Instruction?. NASSP Bulletin 98:2, pages 101-125.
Crossref
Sefika Mertkan. (2013) In search of leadership: what happened to management?. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 42:2, pages 226-242.
Crossref
Angela Urick & Alex J. Bowers. (2013) What Are the Different Types of Principals Across the United States? A Latent Class Analysis of Principal Perception of Leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly 50:1, pages 96-134.
Crossref
Geert Devos, Melissa Tuytens & Hester Hulpia. (2014) Teachers’ Organizational Commitment: Examining the Mediating Effects of Distributed Leadership. American Journal of Education 120:2, pages 205-231.
Crossref
Rainhart Lang & Irma RybnikovaRainhart Lang & Irma Rybnikova. 2014. Aktuelle Führungstheorien und -konzepte. Aktuelle Führungstheorien und -konzepte 151 179 .
Carol Campbell, Ann Lieberman & Anna Yashkina. (2013) Aprendizaje y liderazgo docente para el mejoramiento del sistema y la docencia en las salas de clase y establecimientos escolares. Pensamiento Educativo: Revista de Investigación Educacional Latinoamericana 50:2, pages 51-68.
Crossref
Rebecca Wells & Elizabeth J. Gifford. (2013) Implementing a case management initiative in high-need schools. Children and Youth Services Review 35:5, pages 787-796.
Crossref
Colleen Vale, Mary Weaven, Anne Davies, Neil Hooley, Kristy Davidson & Daniel Loton. (2012) Growth in literacy and numeracy achievement: evidence and explanations of a summer slowdown in low socio-economic schools. The Australian Educational Researcher 40:1, pages 1-25.
Crossref
David Gurr & Lawrie Drysdale. (2013) Middle‐level secondary school leaders. Journal of Educational Administration 51:1, pages 55-71.
Crossref
Johanna Heikka, Manjula Waniganayake & Eeva Hujala. (2013) Contextualizing Distributed Leadership Within Early Childhood Education. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 41:1, pages 30-44.
Crossref
James P. Spillane & Chong Min Kim. (2012) An Exploratory Analysis of Formal School Leaders’ Positioning in Instructional Advice and Information Networks in Elementary Schools. American Journal of Education 119:1, pages 73-102.
Crossref
James P. Spillane & Allison W. Kenney. (2012) School administration in a changing education sector: the US experience. Journal of Educational Administration 50:5, pages 541-561.
Crossref
Emmanuel Poirel & Frédéric Yvon. (2012) Le leadership distribué : l’épreuve des réformes éducatives. Éducation et francophonie 40:1, pages 94-118.
Crossref
Ori Eyal & Doron Yosef-Hassidim. (2012) Managing Educational Champions: Entrepreneurship in Schools. Journal of School Leadership 22:1, pages 210-255.
Crossref
Verónica López, Luis Ahumada, Sergio Galdames & Romina Madrid. (2012) School principals at their lonely work: Recording workday practices through ESM logs. Computers & Education 58:1, pages 413-422.
Crossref
조성구, 한유경, ChulAn Joo, 민윤정 & 김애신. (2011) Effects of Distributed Leadership on School Organizational Effectiveness. Teacher Education Research 50:3, pages 13-28.
Crossref
Joanna Higgins & Linda Bonne. (2011) Configurations of Instructional Leadership Enactments That Promote the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in a New Zealand Elementary School. Educational Administration Quarterly 47:5, pages 794-825.
Crossref
Hester Hulpia, Geert Devos & Hilde Van Keer. (2011) The Relation Between School Leadership From a Distributed Perspective and Teachers’ Organizational Commitment. Educational Administration Quarterly 47:5, pages 728-771.
Crossref
Oddrun Samdal & Louise Rowling. (2011) Theoretical and empirical base for implementation components of health‐promoting schools. Health Education 111:5, pages 367-390.
Crossref
Louise Rowling & Oddrun Samdal. (2011) Filling the black box of implementation for health‐promoting schools. Health Education 111:5, pages 347-362.
Crossref
Ori Eyal & Guy Roth. (2011) Principals' leadership and teachers' motivation. Journal of Educational Administration 49:3, pages 256-275.
Crossref
Alan J. Daly & Kara S. Finnigan. (2016) The Ebb and Flow of Social Network Ties Between District Leaders Under High-Stakes Accountability. American Educational Research Journal 48:1, pages 39-79.
Crossref
Stephen Jacobson. (2011) Leadership effects on student achievement and sustained school success. International Journal of Educational Management 25:1, pages 33-44.
Crossref
Blair Mascall, Shawn Moore, Doris Jantzi, Kevin Walker & Robin Sacks. 2011. Principals in Succession. Principals in Succession 89 108 .
James P. Spillane & Kaleen Healey. (2010) Conceptualizing School Leadership and Management from a Distributed Perspective: An Exploration of Some Study Operations and Measures. The Elementary School Journal 111:2, pages 253-281.
Crossref
Alan J. Daly, Nienke M. Moolenaar, Jose M. Bolivar & Peggy Burke. (2010) Relationships in reform: the role of teachers' social networks. Journal of Educational Administration 48:3, pages 359-391.
Crossref
Alan J. Daly & Kara S. Finnigan. (2009) A bridge between worlds: understanding network structure to understand change strategy. Journal of Educational Change 11:2, pages 111-138.
Crossref
Hester Hulpia & Geert Devos. (2010) How distributed leadership can make a difference in teachers' organizational commitment? A qualitative study. Teaching and Teacher Education 26:3, pages 565-575.
Crossref
J.P. Spillane. 2010. International Encyclopedia of Education. International Encyclopedia of Education 1 6 .
K. Leithwood. 2010. International Encyclopedia of Education. International Encyclopedia of Education 158 164 .
Kenneth Leithwood, Karen Seashore Louis, Kyla Wahlstrom, Stephen Anderson, Blair Mascall & Molly Gordon. 2009. Second International Handbook of Educational Change. Second International Handbook of Educational Change 611 629 .
Hester HulpiaGeert Devos & Yves Rosseel. (2009) Development and Validation of Scores on the Distributed Leadership Inventory. Educational and Psychological Measurement 69:6, pages 1013-1034.
Crossref
Estelle Kamler, Michelle Szpara, Michele Dornisch, Karleen Goubeaud, Gavrielle Levine & Seth Brechtel. (2009) Realities of a School-University Partnership: Focus on Leadership. Journal of School Leadership 19:1, pages 81-117.
Crossref
Tamara Holmlund Nelson. 2009. Women’s Experiences in Leadership in K-16 Science Education Communities. Women’s Experiences in Leadership in K-16 Science Education Communities 167 181 .
James P. Spillane, Eric M. Camburn, James Pustejovsky, Amber Stitziel Pareja & Geoff Lewis. 2009. Distributed Leadership. Distributed Leadership 47 80 .
Alma Harris. 2009. Distributed Leadership. Distributed Leadership 11 21 .
V.M.J. Robinson. 2009. Distributed Leadership. Distributed Leadership 219 240 .
Peter Gronn. 2009. Distributed Leadership. Distributed Leadership 197 217 .
Blair Mascall, Kenneth Leithwood, Tiiu Straus & Robin Sacks. (2008) The relationship between distributed leadership and teachers' academic optimism. Journal of Educational Administration 46:2, pages 214-228.
Crossref
James P. Spillane, Eric M. Camburn, James Pustejovsky, Amber Stitziel Pareja & Geoff Lewis. (2008) Taking a distributed perspective. Journal of Educational Administration 46:2, pages 189-213.
Crossref
Alma Harris. (2008) Distributed leadership: according to the evidence. Journal of Educational Administration 46:2, pages 172-188.
Crossref
Gabriele Lakomski. (2008) Functionally adequate but causally idle: w(h)ither distributed leadership?. Journal of Educational Administration 46:2, pages 159-171.
Crossref
Peter Gronn. (2008) The future of distributed leadership. Journal of Educational Administration 46:2, pages 141-158.
Crossref
Donald G. Hackmann & Carolyn L. Wanat. (2008) The Role of the Educational Leadership Program Coordinator: A Distributed Leadership Perspective. International Journal of Educational Reform 17:1, pages 64-88.
Crossref
Kenneth Leithwood, Tiiu Strauss & Stephen E. Anderson. (2019) District Contributions to School Leaders’ Sense of Efficacy: A Qualitative Analysis. Journal of School Leadership 17:6, pages 735-770.
Crossref
Viviane M. J. Robinson & Helen S. Timperley. (2016) The Leadership of the Improvement Teaching and Learning: Lessons from Initiatives with Positive Outcomes for Students. Australian Journal of Education 51:3, pages 247-262.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.