Advanced search
Publication Cover
International Journal of General Medicine Volume 7, 2014 - Issue
Submit an article Journal homepage
670
Views
84
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

A review of the epidemiological and clinical aspects of West Nile virus

Timothy J Gray1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, AustraliaCorrespondence[email protected]
&
Cameron E Webb2 Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and Pathology West - Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia;3 Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
Pages 193-203 | Published online: 11 Apr 2014

Citations (84)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (6)

Jolanta Kolodziejek, Christof Jungbauer, Stephan W. Aberle, Franz Allerberger, Zoltán Bagó, Jeremy V. Camp, Katharina Dimmel, Phebe de Heus, Michael Kolodziejek, Peter Schiefer, Bernhard Seidel, Karin Stiasny & Norbert Nowotny. (2018) Integrated analysis of human-animal-vector surveillance: West Nile virus infections in Austria, 2015–2016. Emerging Microbes & Infections 7:1, pages 1-15.
Read now
Ángela Vázquez-Calvo, Ana-Belén Blázquez, Estela Escribano-Romero, Teresa Merino-Ramos, Juan-Carlos Saiz, Miguel A Martín-Acebes & Nereida Jiménez de Oya. (2017) Zika virus infection confers protection against West Nile virus challenge in mice. Emerging Microbes & Infections 6:1, pages 1-6.
Read now
Melgious J. Y. Ang, Huichang A. Lim, Anders Poulsen, John Liang Kuan Wee, Fui Mee Ng, Joma Joy, Jeffrey Hill & C. S. Brian Chia. (2016) Miniature bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitors (m-BPTIs) of the West Nile virus NS2B-NS3 protease. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry 31:sup2, pages 194-200.
Read now
Shoba David & Asha Mary Abraham. (2016) Epidemiological and clinical aspects on West Nile virus, a globally emerging pathogen. Infectious Diseases 48:8, pages 571-586.
Read now
Jeffrey S Kieft, Jennifer L Rabe & Erich G Chapman. (2015) New hypotheses derived from the structure of a flaviviral Xrn1-resistant RNA: Conservation, folding, and host adaptation. RNA Biology 12:11, pages 1169-1177.
Read now
Ruth R Montgomery & Kristy O Murray. (2015) Risk factors for West Nile virus infection and disease in populations and individuals. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 13:3, pages 317-325.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (78)

Qin Wu, Cheng Guo, Xiao-kang Li, Bo-Yang Yi, Qian-Lin Li, Zhong-Min Guo & Jia-Hai Lu. (2023) A meta-transcriptomic study of mosquito virome and blood feeding patterns at the human-animal-environment interface in Guangdong Province, China. One Health 16, pages 100493.
Crossref
Elisa Fesce, Giovanni Marini, Roberto Rosà, Davide Lelli, Monica Pierangela Cerioli, Mario Chiari, Marco Farioli & Nicola Ferrari. (2023) Understanding West Nile virus transmission: Mathematical modelling to quantify the most critical parameters to predict infection dynamics. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17:5, pages e0010252.
Crossref
Marta Colaneri, Raffaella Lissandrin, Matteo Calia, Cecilia Bassoli, Elena Seminari, Alessandro Pavesi, Francesca Rovida, Fausto Baldanti, Alba Muzzi, Guido Chichino, Angelo Regazzetti, Cecilia Grecchi, Angelo Pan, Matteo Lupi, Erica Franceschini, Cristina Mussini & Raffaele Bruno. (2023) The WEST Study: A Retrospective and Multicentric Study on the Impact of Steroid Therapy in West Nile Encephalitis. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 10:3.
Crossref
Kelsey E. Lesteberg, Paula Araya, Katherine A. Waugh, Lakshmi Chauhan, Joaquin M. Espinosa & J. David Beckham. (2023) Severely ill and high-risk COVID-19 patients exhibit increased peripheral circulation of CD62L+ and perforin+ T cells. Frontiers in Immunology 14.
Crossref
Haiyan Sun, Dhiraj Acharya, Amber M. Paul, Huafang Lai, Junyun He, Fengwei Bai & Qiang Chen. (2023) Antibody-Dependent Enhancement Activity of a Plant-Made Vaccine against West Nile Virus. Vaccines 11:2, pages 197.
Crossref
Kristin J. Bondo, Diego Montecino‐Latorre, Lisa Williams, Matt Helwig, Kenneth Duren, Michael L. Hutchinson & W. David Walter. (2023) Spatial modeling of two mosquito vectors of West Nile virus using integrated nested Laplace approximations. Ecosphere 14:1.
Crossref
Nicola Riccetti, Augusto Fasano, Federico Ferraccioli, Jaime Gomez-Ramirez & Nikolaos I. Stilianakis. (2022) Host selection and forage ratio in West Nile virus–transmitting Culex mosquitoes: Challenges and knowledge gaps. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16:10, pages e0010819.
Crossref
James S. Adelman, Ryan E. Tokarz, Alec E. Euken, Eleanor N. Field, Marie C. Russell & Ryan C. Smith. (2022) Relative Influence of Land Use, Mosquito Abundance, and Bird Communities in Defining West Nile Virus Infection Rates in Culex Mosquito Populations. Insects 13:9, pages 758.
Crossref
Ying-mei Zhang, Xiao-xia Guo, Shu-fang Jiang, Chun-xiao Li, Dan Xing, Heng-duan Zhang, Yan-de Dong & Tong-yan Zhao. (2022) The Potential Vector Competence and Overwintering of West Nile Virus in Vector Aedes Albopictus in China. Frontiers in Microbiology 13.
Crossref
Archana Talukdar, Razibuddin A. Hazarika, Durlav P. Bora, Seema R. Pegu, Phunu Talukdar, Nur A. Kader, Sidharth S. Mohakud, Naba Jyoti Deka & Johanna F. Lindahl. (2022) Sero-Prevalence of West Nile Virus in Urban and Peri-Urban Poultry Farms of Guwahati, India. Frontiers in Tropical Diseases 3.
Crossref
Shih-Che Weng, Po-Nien Tsao & Shin-Hong Shiao. (2021) Blood glucose promotes dengue virus infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Parasites & Vectors 14:1.
Crossref
Anastasia Angelou, Ioannis Kioutsioukis & Nikolaos I. Stilianakis. (2021) A climate-dependent spatial epidemiological model for the transmission risk of West Nile virus at local scale. One Health 13, pages 100330.
Crossref
Ozge Erdogan Bamac, Utku Y. CizmecigilAsli MeteAysun YilmazOzge AydinHasan E. TaliBesim H. TaliSemaha G. YilmazAydin GurelNuri TuranSerhat OzsoyEzgi Vatansever CelikJean-Remy SadeyenGleyder Roman-SosaMunir IqbalJuergen A. RichtHuseyin Yilmaz. (2021) Emergence of West Nile Virus Lineage-2 in Resident Corvids in Istanbul, Turkey. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.
Crossref
Jennifer Stander, Aleyo Chabeda, Edward P. Rybicki & Ann E. Meyers. (2021) A Plant-Produced Virus-Like Particle Displaying Envelope Protein Domain III Elicits an Immune Response Against West Nile Virus in Mice. Frontiers in Plant Science 12.
Crossref
Mariana Geffroy, Nonito Pagès, David Chavernac, Alexis Dereeper, Lydéric Aubert, Cecile Herrmann-Storck, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Sylvie Lecollinet & Jennifer Pradel. (2021) Shifting From Sectoral to Integrated Surveillance by Changing Collaborative Practices: Application to West Nile Virus Surveillance in a Small Island State of the Caribbean. Frontiers in Public Health 9.
Crossref
K. S. Zakharov, Sh. V. Magerramov & A. N. Matrosov. (2021) Ecological aspects of zoning the territory of the Saratov region by the risk level of formation of West Nile fever foci. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology:1, pages 3-15.
Crossref
Katarína Peňazziová, Ľuboš Korytár, Patrik Pastorek, Juraj Pistl, Diana Rusňáková, Tomáš Szemes, Viktória Čabanová, Martina Ličková, Kristína Boršová, Boris Klempa & Tomáš Csank. (2021) Genetic Characterization of a Neurovirulent West Nile Virus Variant Associated with a Fatal Great Grey Owl Infection. Viruses 13:4, pages 699.
Crossref
Annette Klein, Christina Strube, Stefanie C Becker & Fanny Naccache. (2021) Screening for Viruses and Lemur-Associated Filara in Wild-Caught Mosquitoes From Madagascar. Journal of Medical Entomology 58:2, pages 983-989.
Crossref
Alan Esteban Juache-Villagrana, Antonio De la Mora-Covarrubias, Angélica Escárcega-Ávila & Florinda Jiménez -Vega. (2020) Host selection of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus females in a semi-desert environment in Northern Mexico. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 41:1, pages 55-63.
Crossref
Jae Woong Lee, Yu-Jung Won, Sung-Geun Lee & Soon-Young Paik. (2020) Development of a Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for the Detection of West Nile Virus. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology 13:10.
Crossref
Corinna Pietsch, Dominik Michalski, Johannes Münch, Sirak Petros, Sandra Bergs, Henning Trawinski, Christoph Lübbert & Uwe G Liebert. (2020) Autochthonous West Nile virus infection outbreak in humans, Leipzig, Germany, August to September 2020. Eurosurveillance 25:46.
Crossref
T. M. Kotelevska, N. O. Pryimenko, H. M. Dubynska, T. I. Koval, O. M. Iziumska & I. M. Zviagolska. (2020) West Nile Fever in the central part of Ukraine. Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 25:3, pages 204-210.
Crossref
Matthew D. Keller, Bryan J. Norton, David J. Farrar, Phil Rutschman, Maclen Marvit & Arty Makagon. (2020) Optical tracking and laser-induced mortality of insects during flight. Scientific Reports 10:1.
Crossref
Gervais Habarugira, Willy W. Suen, Jody Hobson-Peters, Roy A. Hall & Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann. (2020) West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and “One Health” Implications. Pathogens 9:7, pages 589.
Crossref
Patricio L. Acosta, Alana B. Byrne, Diego R. Hijano & Laura B. Talarico. (2020) Human Type I Interferon Antiviral Effects in Respiratory and Reemerging Viral Infections. Journal of Immunology Research 2020, pages 1-27.
Crossref
Frances M. Waller, Pedro A. Reche & Darren R. Flower. (2020) West Nile Virus Vaccine Design by T Cell Epitope Selection: In Silico Analysis of Conservation, Functional Cross-Reactivity with the Human Genome, and Population Coverage . Journal of Immunology Research 2020, pages 1-7.
Crossref
María Velasco, María Paz Sánchez-Seco, Carolina Campelo, Fernando de Ory, Oriol Martin, Laura Herrero, Octavio J. Salmerón Béliz, Teodora Minguito, Mª Carmen Campos, Francisca Molero, Alejandro Algora & Ana Vázquez. (2020) Imported Human West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Infection in Spain: Neurological and Gastrointestinal Complications. Viruses 12:2, pages 156.
Crossref
Brigitta Zana, Károly Erdélyi, Anna Nagy, Eszter Mezei, Orsolya Nagy, Mária Takács, Tamás Bakonyi, Petra Forgách, Orsolya Korbacska-Kutasi, Orsolya Fehér, Péter Malik, Krisztina Ursu, Péter Kertész, Anett Kepner, Máté Martina, Tamás Süli, Zsófia Lanszki, Gábor Endre Tóth, Anett Kuczmog, Balázs Somogyi, Ferenc Jakab & Gábor Kemenesi. (2020) Multi-Approach Investigation Regarding the West Nile Virus Situation in Hungary, 2018. Viruses 12:1, pages 123.
Crossref
Shailendra K. Saxena, Swatantra Kumar & Amrita Haikerwal. 2020. Emerging and Transboundary Animal Viruses. Emerging and Transboundary Animal Viruses 137 159 .
Benjamin Lamglait & Stéphane Lair. (2019) Fatal West Nile Virus Infection in a Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) with Pulmonary Lepidic-Predominant Adenocarcinoma. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 55:4, pages 990.
Crossref
Amy E. L. Stone, Richard Green, Courtney Wilkins, Emily A. Hemann & Michael GaleJr.Jr.. (2019) RIG-I-like receptors direct inflammatory macrophage polarization against West Nile virus infection. Nature Communications 10:1.
Crossref
Ioannis Kioutsioukis & Nikolaos I. Stilianakis. (2019) Assessment of West nile virus transmission risk from a weather-dependent epidemiological model and a global sensitivity analysis framework. Acta Tropica 193, pages 129-141.
Crossref
Brendan M. Dunphy, Kristofer B. Kovach, Ella J. Gehrke, Eleanor N. Field, Wayne A. Rowley, Lyric C. Bartholomay & Ryan C. Smith. (2019) Long-term surveillance defines spatial and temporal patterns implicating Culex tarsalis as the primary vector of West Nile virus. Scientific Reports 9:1.
Crossref
Corinna Pietsch, Henning Trawinski, Christoph Lübbert & Uwe G. Liebert. (2018) Short Communication: West Nile fever imported from Austria to Germany. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 66:2, pages 1033-1036.
Crossref
Ana S. Martins, Filomena A. Carvalho, André F. Faustino, Ivo C. Martins & Nuno C. Santos. (2019) West Nile Virus Capsid Protein Interacts With Biologically Relevant Host Lipid Systems. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 9.
Crossref
Jean Stanley, James P. AuBuchon, Yasuko Erickson, Dan A. Waxman, Phillip C. Williamson, Rasa Bertuzis, Nancy Huynh, John R. Duncan, Nicole Dyer, Lisa L. Pate & Susan A. Galel. (2018) Evaluation of a new West Nile virus nucleic acid test for screening of blood donations. Transfusion 59:2, pages 623-628.
Crossref
Emna Benzarti, Annick Linden, Daniel Desmecht & Mutien Garigliany. (2019) Mosquito-borne epornitic flaviviruses: an update and review. Journal of General Virology 100:2, pages 119-132.
Crossref
Sana Eybpoosh, Mehdi Fazlalipour, Vahid Baniasadi, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali, Farzin Sadeghi, Abbas Ahmadi Vasmehjani, Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya, Roger Hewson & Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri. (2019) Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13:1, pages e0007081.
Crossref
Zachary Burden, Madeline Fasen, Benjamin L. Judkins & Carmen Isache. (2019) A case of West Nile virus encephalitis accompanied by diabetic ketoacidosis and rhabdomyolysis. IDCases 15, pages e00505.
Crossref
J. Eric Piña-Garza & Kaitlin C. James. 2019. Fenichel's Clinical Pediatric Neurology. Fenichel's Clinical Pediatric Neurology 172 197 .
Philip Kiely. 2019. Blood Safety. Blood Safety 83 122 .
Dawei Yan, Ying Shi, Haiwang Wang, Guoxin Li, Xuesong Li, Binbin Wang, Xin Su, Junheng Wang, Qiaoyang Teng, Jianmei Yang, Hongjun Chen, Qinfang Liu, Wenjun Ma & Zejun Li. (2018) A Single Mutation at Position 156 in the Envelope Protein of Tembusu Virus Is Responsible for Virus Tissue Tropism and Transmissibility in Ducks. Journal of Virology 92:17.
Crossref
Maria Rosaria Bassi, Raquel Navarro Sempere, Prashansa Meyn, Charlotta Polacek & Armando Arias. (2018) Extinction of Zika Virus and Usutu Virus by Lethal Mutagenesis Reveals Different Patterns of Sensitivity to Three Mutagenic Drugs. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 62:9.
Crossref
Ryan D. Molony, Anna Malawista & Ruth R. Montgomery. (2018) Reduced dynamic range of antiviral innate immune responses in aging. Experimental Gerontology 107, pages 130-135.
Crossref
Belén Rebollo, Javier Sarraseca, Mª José Rodríguez, Antonio Sanz, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero & Ángel Venteo. (2018) Diagnostic aptitude of West Nile virus-like particles expressed in insect cells. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 91:3, pages 233-238.
Crossref
Kimberly C. MitchellPatricia RyanDonna E. HowardKatherine A. Feldman. (2018) Understanding Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Toward West Nile Virus Prevention: A Survey of High-Risk Adults in Maryland. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 18:3, pages 173-180.
Crossref
A. L. Thomas-Bachli, D. L. Pearl, O. Berke, E. J. Parmley & I. K. Barker. (2017) A geographic study of West Nile virus in humans, dead corvids and mosquitoes in Ontario using spatial scan statistics with a survival time application. Zoonoses and Public Health 64:7, pages e81-e89.
Crossref
Christine DeCarloAnwar H. OmarMohammod I. HarounLaura BiglerMohamad N. Bin RaisJalila AbuAbdul Rahman OmarHussni O. Mohammed. (2017) Potential Reservoir and Associated Factors for West Nile Virus in Three Distinct Climatological Zones. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 17:10, pages 709-713.
Crossref
Pompei Bolfa, Isaac Jeon, Amanda Loftis, Teresa Leslie, Silvia Marchi, Fortune Sithole, Cecile Beck, Sylvie Lecollinet, Stephan Zientara, Aymeric Hans & Charles J. Issel. (2017) Detection of West Nile Virus and other common equine viruses in three locations from the Leeward Islands, West Indies. Acta Tropica 174, pages 24-28.
Crossref
E. Cardinale, C. Bernard, S. Lecollinet, V.M. Rakotoharinome, J. Ravaomanana, M. Roger, M.M. Olive, D. Meenowa, M.R. Jaumally, J. Melanie, J.M. Héraud, S. Zientara & C. Cêtre-Sossah. (2017) West Nile virus infection in horses, Indian ocean. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 53, pages 45-49.
Crossref
Soha R. Youssef, Doaa G. Eissa, Rania A. Abo-Shady, Nermeen Tayseer Aly Fouad, Dina K. Kattab, Hanaa Fathey, Abeer Ahmed Abdullaha Elewa & Doaa M. Reda. (2017) Seroprevalence of anti-WNV IgG antibodies and WNV-RNA in Egyptian blood donors. Journal of Medical Virology 89:8, pages 1323-1329.
Crossref
Philip Kiely, Manoj Gambhir, Allen C Cheng, Zoe K McQuilten, Clive R Seed & Erica M Wood. (2017) Emerging Infectious Diseases and Blood Safety: Modeling the Transfusion-Transmission Risk. Transfusion Medicine Reviews 31:3, pages 154-164.
Crossref
Iris Scherwitzl, Juthathip Mongkolsapaja & Gavin Screaton. (2017) Recent advances in human flavivirus vaccines. Current Opinion in Virology 23, pages 95-101.
Crossref
Yi Yao, Dara M. Strauss-Albee, Julian Q. Zhou, Anna Malawista, Melissa N. Garcia, Kristy O. Murray, Catherine A. Blish & Ruth R. Montgomery. (2017) The natural killer cell response to West Nile virus in young and old individuals with or without a prior history of infection. PLOS ONE 12:2, pages e0172625.
Crossref
Maria Rita Donalisio, André Ricardo Ribas Freitas & Andrea Paula Bruno Von Zuben. (2017) Arboviruses emerging in Brazil: challenges for clinic and implications for public health. Revista de Saúde Pública 51:0.
Crossref
Vladimir Yamshchikov, Marina Manuvakhova, Efrain Rodriguez & Charles Hébert. (2017) Development of a human live attenuated West Nile infectious DNA vaccine: Identification of a minimal mutation set conferring the attenuation level acceptable for a human vaccine. Virology 500, pages 122-129.
Crossref
Laura .D. Kramer & Elizabeth Kauffman. 2017. Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences.
Marta S Contigiani, Luis A. Diaz & Lorena Spinsanti. 2017. Arthropod Borne Diseases. Arthropod Borne Diseases 73 88 .
Nuri MAMAK & İlker Bilgili. (2016) BATI NİL VİRUSU ENFEKSİYONU. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 1:2, pages 31-31.
Crossref
R R Montgomery. (2017) Age-related alterations in immune responses to West Nile virus infection. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 187:1, pages 26-34.
Crossref
Isis Victoriano Llopis, Laura Tomassone, Elena Grego, Emmanuel Serrano, Andrea Mosca, Gabriella Vaschetti, Daniela Andrade & Luca Rossi. (2016) Evaluating the feeding preferences of West Nile virus mosquito vectors using bird-baited traps. Parasites & Vectors 9:1.
Crossref
Juliet L. D. Mentoor, Alison B. Lubisi, Truuska Gerdes, Stacey Human, June H. Williams & Marietjie Venter. (2016) Full-Genome Sequence of a Neuroinvasive West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Strain from a Fatal Horse Infection in South Africa. Genome Announcements 4:4.
Crossref
M. FERRAGUTI, J. MARTÍNEZ-DE LA PUENTE, R. SORIGUER, F. LLORENTE, M. Á. JIMÉNEZ-CLAVERO & J. FIGUEROLA. (2016) West Nile virus-neutralizing antibodies in wild birds from southern Spain. Epidemiology and Infection 144:9, pages 1907-1911.
Crossref
David J. Weber, William A. Rutala, William A. Fischer, Hajime Kanamori & Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett. (2016) Emerging infectious diseases: Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa and Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9). American Journal of Infection Control 44:5, pages e91-e100.
Crossref
Piotr Klimaszyk & Piotr Rzymski. (2015) The complexity of ecological impacts induced by great cormorants. Hydrobiologia 771:1, pages 13-30.
Crossref
Matthew D. Keller, David J. Leahy, Bryan J. Norton, ric Johanson, Emma R. Mullen, Maclen Marvit & Arty Makagon. (2016) Laser induced mortality of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. Scientific Reports 6:1.
Crossref
Ryan Zengou & Matthew Anderson. 2016. Head, Neck, and Orofacial Infections. Head, Neck, and Orofacial Infections 309 317 .
Cristina Fernandez & Tom Solomon. 2016. Neurotropic Viral Infections. Neurotropic Viral Infections 335 370 .
C. FORTUNA, M. E. REMOLI, F. SEVERINI, M. DI LUCA, L. TOMA, F. FOIS, P. BUCCI, D. BOCCOLINI, R. ROMI & M. G. CIUFOLINI. (2015) Evaluation of vector competence for West Nile virus in Italian Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus ) mosquitoes . Medical and Veterinary Entomology 29:4, pages 430-433.
Crossref
Andrea L. Thomas-Bachli, David L. Pearl, Olaf Berke, Elizabeth Jane Parmley & Ian K. Barker. (2015) A comparison of West Nile virus surveillance using survival analyses of dead corvid and mosquito pool data in Ontario, 2002–2008. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 122:3, pages 363-370.
Crossref
M. Chiari, A. Prosperi, F. Faccin, D. Avisani, M. Cerioli, M. Zanoni, M. Bertoletti, A. M. Moreno, R. Bruno, F. Monaco, M. Farioli, D. Lelli & A. Lavazza. (2015) West Nile Virus Surveillance in the Lombardy Region, Northern Italy. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 62:4, pages 343-349.
Crossref
Ana-Belén Blázquez, Estela Escribano-Romero, Miguel A. Martín-Acebes, Tamas Petrovic & Juan-Carlos Saiz. (2015) Limited susceptibility of mice to Usutu virus (USUV) infection and induction of flavivirus cross-protective immunity. Virology 482, pages 67-71.
Crossref
Céline Bahuon, Sylvie Lecollinet & Cécile Beck. 2001. eLS. eLS 1 11 .
Jolanta Kolodziejek, Bernhard Seidel, Christof Jungbauer, Katharina Dimmel, Michael Kolodziejek, Ivo Rudolf, Zdenek Hubálek, Franz Allerberger & Norbert Nowotny. (2015) West Nile Virus Positive Blood Donation and Subsequent Entomological Investigation, Austria, 2014. PLOS ONE 10:5, pages e0126381.
Crossref
B. Guery, B. Grandbastien, T. Galpérine & K. Faure. (2014) Ebola et autres, ces virus venus d’ailleursEbola and others, those viruses coming from far away. Réanimation 24:S2, pages 379-385.
Crossref
Karin Pachler, Karin Lebl, Dominik Berer, Ivo Rudolf, Zdenek Hubalek & Norbert Nowotny. (2014) Putative New West Nile Virus Lineage in Uranotaenia unguiculata Mosquitoes, Austria, 2013 . Emerging Infectious Diseases 20:12, pages 2119-2122.
Crossref
Yan-Jang Huang, Stephen Higgs, Kate Horne & Dana Vanlandingham. (2014) Flavivirus-Mosquito Interactions. Viruses 6:11, pages 4703-4730.
Crossref
Katalin Szentpáli-GavallérLászló AntalMihály TóthGábor KemenesiZoltán SoltészÁdám DánKároly ErdélyiKrisztián BányaiÁdám BálintFerenc JakabTamás Bakonyi. (2014) Monitoring of West Nile Virus in Mosquitoes Between 2011–2012 in Hungary. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 14:9, pages 648-655.
Crossref

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.