Advanced search
Publication Cover
Stain Technology Volume 50, 1975 - Issue 5
Journal homepage
67
Views
102
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

A Decalcification Method for Ultrastructure of Echinoderm Tissues

H. F. Dietrich Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
&
A. R. Fontaine Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
Pages 351-354 | Published online: 12 Jul 2009

Citations (102)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (10)

A. Allievi, M. Canavesi, C. Ferrario, M. Sugni & F. Bonasoro. (2022) An evo-devo perspective on the regeneration patterns of continuous arm structures in stellate echinoderms. The European Zoological Journal 89:1, pages 241-262.
Read now
Romana Santos & Patrick Flammang. (2006) Morphology and tenacity of the tube foot disc of three common European sea urchin species: a comparative study. Biofouling 22:3, pages 173-186.
Read now
VLADIMIRS. MASHANOV & IGOR YU. DOLMATOV. (2001) Regeneration of digestive tract in the pentactulae of the far-eastern holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirota). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 39:2, pages 143-151.
Read now
VLADIMIRS. MASHANOV & IGOR YU. DOLMATOV. (2000) Developmental morphology of a holothurian, Cucumaria japonica (Dendrochirota, Holothuroidea), a species with accelerated metamorphosis. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 37:2, pages 137-146.
Read now
OLIVIER GROS, LILIANE FRENKIEL & MARCEL MOUËZA. (1998) Gill filament differentiation and experimental colonization by symbiotic bacteria in aposymbiotic juveniles of Codakia orbicularis (Bivalvia: Lucinidae). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 34:2-3, pages 219-231.
Read now
Patrick Flammang, Pol Gosselin & Michel Jangoux. (1998) The podia, organs of adhesion and sensory perception in larvae and post‐metamorphic stages of the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata). Biofouling 12:1-3, pages 161-171.
Read now
D.R. RITTENHOUSE, A.P. RUSSELL & A.M. BAUER. (1997) Laryngotracheal morphology of the Uroplatus fimbriatus complex (Reptilia: Gekkonidae): Yet another autapomorphic organ system in a group of highly aberrant geckos. African Journal of Herpetology 46:1, pages 36-48.
Read now
R.H. Emson, P.V. Mladenov & I.C. Wilkie. (1985) Studies of the biology of the West Indian copepod Ophiopsyllus reductus (Siphonostomatoida: Cancerillidae) parasitic upon the brittlestar Ophiocomella ophiactoides . Journal of Natural History 19:1, pages 151-171.
Read now
M. Wakita, M. Kobayashi & T. Shioi. (1983) Decalcification for Electron Microscopy with L-Ascorbic Acid. Stain Technology 58:6, pages 337-341.
Read now
G. Goffinet, Ch. Grégoire & M.-F. Voss-Foucart. (1977) On ultrastructure of the trabeculae in the interlamellar membranes of nacre conchiolin of the nautilus shell. Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie 85:5, pages 849-863.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (92)

Kalacheva Nadezhda V., Kamenev Yaroslav O.Dolmatov Igor Yu.. (2021) Regeneration of the digestive system in the crinoid Lamprometra palmata (Mariametridae, Comatulida). Cell and Tissue Research 391:1, pages 87-109.
Crossref
Pedro Henrique Santos Dias, Florencia Vera Candioti, Ariadne Fares Sabbag, Gustavo Colaço, Hélio Ricardo Silva, Célio F. Baptista Haddad, Ana Maria Paulino Telles Carvalho‐e‐Silva & Taran Grant. (2021) Life on the edge: Tadpoles of Cycloramphidae (Amphibia; Anura), anatomy, systematics, functional morphology, and comments on the evolution of semiterrestrial tadpoles. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59:6, pages 1297-1321.
Crossref
Tatyana V. Sikorskaya, Ekaterina V. Ermolenko, Andrey V. Boroda & Taliya T. Ginanova. (2021) Physiological processes and lipidome dynamics in the soft coral Sinularia heterospiculata under experimental bleaching. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 255, pages 110609.
Crossref
Nodoka Aruga & Euichi Hirose. (2021) How to Wear a Sandy Coat: Secretory Cells in the Dorsal Epidermis in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria atra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zoological Science 38:3.
Crossref
Jérôme Delroisse, Kévin Van Wayneberghe, Patrick Flammang, David Gillan, Pascal Gerbaux, Noel Opina, Gildas Georges Boleslas Todinanahary & Igor Eeckhaut. (2020) Epidemiology of a SKin Ulceration Disease (SKUD) in the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra with a review on the SKUDs in Holothuroidea (Echinodermata). Scientific Reports 10:1.
Crossref
Igor Yu. Dolmatov, Nadezhda V. Kalacheva, Elena S. Mekhova & Lidia T. Frolova. (2020) Autotomy and regeneration of the visceral mass in feather stars. Zoomorphology 139:2, pages 171-187.
Crossref
James Saulsbury & Samuel Zamora. (2020) The nervous and circulatory systems of a Cretaceous crinoid: preservation, palaeobiology and evolutionary significance. Palaeontology 63:2, pages 243-253.
Crossref
James Saulsbury. (2019) Crinoid respiration and the distribution of energetic strategies among marine invertebrates. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.
Crossref
Daniel J. Bucher & Peter L. Harrison. (2018) Changes in Radial Polyp Tissues of Acropora Longicyathus After Long-Term Exposure to Experimentally Elevated Nutrient Concentrations. Frontiers in Marine Science 5.
Crossref
Anderson Guerrero Guerrero & Adriana Rodríguez Forero. (2018) Histological characterization of skin and radial bodies of two species of genus Isostichopus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 44:2, pages 155-161.
Crossref
David M. Connolly, Thomas Desvignes & Jane E. Williamson. (2017) Influence of body size on tube feet morphology and attachment capacity in the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurascens (Temnopleuridae). Marine Biology 164:12.
Crossref
Nadezhda V. Kalacheva, Marina G. Eliseikina, Lidia T. Frolova & Igor Yu. Dolmatov. (2017) Regeneration of the digestive system in the crinoid Himerometra robustipinna occurs by transdifferentiation of neurosecretory-like cells. PLOS ONE 12:7, pages e0182001.
Crossref
Jérôme Delroisse, Esther Ullrich-Lüter, Stefanie Blaue, Igor Eeckhaut, Patrick Flammang & Jérôme Mallefet. (2017) Fine structure of the luminous spines and luciferase detection in the brittle star Amphiura filiformis. Zoologischer Anzeiger 269, pages 1-12.
Crossref
Florencia Vera Candioti, Alexander Haas, Ronald Altig & Oswaldo Peixoto. (2016) Cranial anatomy of the amazing bromeliad tadpoles of Phyllodytes gyrinaethes (Hylidae: Lophyohylini), with comments about other gastromyzophorous larvae. Zoomorphology 136:1, pages 61-73.
Crossref
Igor Yu. Dolmatov, Talia T. Ginanova & Lidia T. Frolova. (2016) Metamorphosis and definitive organogenesis in the holothurian Apostichopus japonicus. Zoomorphology 135:2, pages 173-188.
Crossref
Li Lin Gan, Stefan T. Hertwig, Indraneil Das & Alexander Haas. (2016) The anatomy and structural connectivity of the abdominal sucker in the tadpoles of Huia cavitympanum , with comparisons to Meristogenys jerboa (Lissamphibia: Anura: Ranidae) . Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 54:1, pages 46-59.
Crossref
Alexander Haas, Jana Pohlmeyer, David S. McLeod, Thomas Kleinteich, Stefan T. Hertwig, Indraneil Das & Daniel R. Buchholz. (2014) Extreme tadpoles II: the highly derived larval anatomy of Occidozyga baluensis (Boulenger, 1896), an obligate carnivorous tadpole. Zoomorphology 133:3, pages 321-342.
Crossref
Nadezhda V. Bobrovskaya & Igor Yu. Dolmatov. (2014) Autotomy of the Visceral Mass in the Feather Star Himerometra robustipinna (Crinoidea, Comatulida) . The Biological Bulletin 226:2, pages 81-91.
Crossref
Stine Griep, Nadja Schilling, Percy Marshall, Michael Amling, Lisa M. Hahne & Alexander Haas. (2013) Pectoral girdle movements and the role of the glenohumeral joint during landing in the toad, Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758). Zoomorphology 132:3, pages 325-338.
Crossref
Elisabeth Hödl, Edward Felder, Monika Chabicovsky & Reinhard Dallinger. (2010) Cadmium stress stimulates tissue turnover in Helix pomatia: increasing cell proliferation from metal tolerance to exhaustion in molluscan midgut gland. Cell and Tissue Research 341:1, pages 159-171.
Crossref
Lidia T. Frolova & Igor Yu. Dolmatov. (2010) Microscopic Anatomy of the Digestive System in Normal and Regenerating Specimens of the Brittlestar Amphipholis kochii . The Biological Bulletin 218:3, pages 303-316.
Crossref
Natalia A. Charlina, Igor Yu. Dolmatov & Iain C. Wilkie. (2009) Juxtaligamental system of the disc and oral frame of the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) and its role in autotomy . Invertebrate Biology 128:2, pages 145-156.
Crossref
Hermann Ehrlich, Petros G. Koutsoukos, Konstantinos D. Demadis & Oleg S. Pokrovsky. (2008) Principles of demineralization: Modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks. Micron 39:8, pages 1062-1091.
Crossref
N. A. Charlina & I. Yu. Dolmatov. (2009) Regeneration of a complex of structures of the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii Lütken, 1872 (Ophiurae) after disk autotomy. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 34:6, pages 369-373.
Crossref
V. S. Mashanov, N. A. Charlina, I. Yu. Dolmatov & I. C. Wilkie. (2007) Juxtaligamental cells in the arm of the brittlestar Amphipholis kochii Lütken, 1872 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Russian Journal of Marine Biology 33:2, pages 110-117.
Crossref
Hadassah Shinar & Gil Navon. (2006) Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure. NMR in Biomedicine 19:7, pages 877-893.
Crossref
Alexander Haas, Stefan Hertwig & Indraneil Das. (2006) Extreme tadpoles: The morphology of the fossorial megophryid larva, Leptobrachella mjobergi. Zoology 109:1, pages 26-42.
Crossref
Michael J. Cavey. (2005) Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida) . Journal of Morphology 267:1, pages 41-49.
Crossref
Reinhard Dallinger, Monika Chabicovsky, Elisabeth Hödl, Caroline Prem, Peter Hunziker & Claudia Manzl. (2005) Copper in Helix pomatia (Gastropoda) is regulated by one single cell type: differently responsive metal pools in rhogocytes . American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289:4, pages R1185-R1195.
Crossref
Keren Keinan-Adamsky, Hadassah Shinar & Gil Navon. (2005) The effect of decalcification on the microstructure of articular cartilage assessed by 2H double quantum filtered spectroscopic MRI. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine 18:5, pages 231-237.
Crossref
P. Becker, D. Gillan, D. Lanterbecq, M. Jangoux, R. Rasolofonirina, J. Rakotovao & I. Eeckhaut. (2004) The skin ulceration disease in cultivated juveniles of Holothuria scabra (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata). Aquaculture 242:1-4, pages 13-30.
Crossref
Francis H. Sanders & Roy A. Norton. (2004) Anatomy and function of the ptychoid defensive mechanism in the mite Euphthiracarus cooki (Acari: Oribatida) . Journal of Morphology 259:2, pages 119-154.
Crossref
V. S. Mashanov & I. Yu Dolmatov. (2004) Functional morphology of the developing alimentary canal in the holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirota). Acta Zoologica 85:1, pages 29-39.
Crossref
Pol Gosselin, Christine Spirlet & Michel Jangoux. (2005) The aboral ring and the development of early gonads in the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata, Echinoidea) . Invertebrate Biology 122:3, pages 271-279.
Crossref
Alexander Haas. (2005) Phylogeny of frogs as inferred from primarily larval characters (Amphibia:Anura)★. Cladistics 19:1, pages 23-89.
Crossref
Walter M Goldberg. (2002) Feeding behavior, epidermal structure and mucus cytochemistry of the scleractinian Mycetophyllia reesi, a coral without tentacles. Tissue and Cell 34:4, pages 232-245.
Crossref
M. Byrne, R. B. Emlet & A. Cerra. (2002) Ciliated band structure in planktotrophic and lecithotrophic larvae of Heliocidaris species (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): a demonstration of conservation and change . Acta Zoologica 82:3, pages 189-199.
Crossref
Walter M. Goldberg. (2001) Desmocytes in the calicoblastic epithelium of the stony coral Mycetophyllia reesi and their attachment to the skeleton. Tissue and Cell 33:4, pages 388-394.
Crossref
Walter M. Goldberg. (2001) Acid polysaccharides in the skeletal matrix and calicoblastic epithelium of the stony coral Mycetophyllia reesi. Tissue and Cell 33:4, pages 376-387.
Crossref
Maria Byrne. (2001) The Morphology of Autotomy Structures in the Sea Cucumber Eupentacta Quinquesemita Before and During Evisceration . Journal of Experimental Biology 204:5, pages 849-863.
Crossref
Evelyn Künz & Gerhard Haszprunar. (2001) Comparative Ultrastructure of Gastropod Cephalic Tentacles: Patellogastropoda, Neritaemorphi and Vetigastropoda. Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 240:2, pages 137-165.
Crossref
Anthony P. Russell, David R. Rittenhouse & Aaron M. Bauer. (2000) Laryngotracheal morphology of Afro-Madagascan Geckos: A comparative survey. Journal of Morphology 245:3, pages 241-268.
Crossref
Dimitri Deheyn, Nikki A. Watson & Michel Jangoux. (1998) Symbioses in Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Amphiuridae): geographical variation of infestation and effect of symbionts on the host's light production. International Journal for Parasitology 28:9, pages 1413-1424.
Crossref
A. Haas. (2009) The larval hyobranchial apparatus of discoglossoid frogs: its structure and bearing on the systematics of the Anura (Amphibia: Anura). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 35:4, pages 179-197.
Crossref
Nancy D. Bremaeker, Dimitri Deheyn, Michael C. Thorndyke, Fernand Baguet & Jerome Mallefet. (1997) Localization of S1– and S2–like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of the brittle star Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje 1828) . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 264:1382, pages 667-674.
Crossref
H. Magloire, A. Joffre & F. Bleicher. (2016) An in vitro Model of Human Dental Pulp Repair. Journal of Dental Research 75:12, pages 1971-1978.
Crossref
D. Deheyn, V. Alva & M. Jangoux. (1996) Fine structure of the photogenous areas in the bioluminescent ophiuroidAmphipholis squamata (Echinodermata, Ophiuridea). Zoomorphology 116:4, pages 195-204.
Crossref
Kurt Schaefer & Gerhard Haszprunar. (2010) Anatomy of Laevipilina antarctica , a Monoplacophoran Limpet (Mollusca) from Antarctic Waters . Acta Zoologica 77:4, pages 295-314.
Crossref
H. Yamashiro & K. Yamazato. (1996) Morphological studies of the soft tissues involved in skeletal dissolution in the coralFungia fungites. Coral Reefs 15:3, pages 177-180.
Crossref
. (1997) Structure and function of the pore canals of the sea urchin madreporite. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 351:1340, pages 659-676.
Crossref
D. VandenSpiegel, P. Flammang, D. Fourmeau & M. Jangoux. (1995) Fine structure of the dorsal papillae in the holothurioid Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata). Tissue and Cell 27:4, pages 457-465.
Crossref
J. M. Healy, K. Schaefer & G. Haszprunar. (1995) Spermatozoa and spermatogenesis in a monoplacophoran mollusc, Laevipilina antarctica: ultrastructure and comparison with other Mollusca. Marine Biology 122:1, pages 53-65.
Crossref
L. Frenkiel & M. Mou�za. (1995) Gill ultrastructure and symbiotic bacteria in Codakia orbicularis (Bivalvia, Lucinidae). Zoomorphology 115:1, pages 51-61.
Crossref
A. Merchán Pérez, P. Gil-Loyzaga, M. Eybalin, P. Fernández Mateos & M.V. Bartolomé. (1994) Choline-acetyltransferase-like immunoreactivitity in the organ of Corti of the rat during postnatal development. Developmental Brain Research 82:1-2, pages 29-34.
Crossref
S. Reindl & G. Haszprunar. (2009) Light and electron microscopical investigations on shell pores (caeca) of fissurellid limpets (Mollusca: Archaeogastropoda). Journal of Zoology 233:3, pages 385-404.
Crossref
John A. Trotter, Frederick A. Thurmond & Thomas J. Koob. (1994) Molecular structure and functional morphology of echinoderm collagen fibrils. Cell & Tissue Research 275:3, pages 451-458.
Crossref
R. H. Emson & C. M. Young. (1994) Feeding mechanism of the brisingid starfish Novodinia antillensis. Marine Biology 118:3, pages 433-442.
Crossref
Angel Merchán-Pérez, Pablo Gil-Loyzaga, José López-Sánchez, Michel Eybalin & Francisco J. Valderrama. (1993) Ontogeny of γ-aminobutyric acid in efferent fibers to the rat cochlea. Developmental Brain Research 76:1, pages 33-41.
Crossref
A. T. Marshall & O. P. Wright. (1993) Confocal laser scanning light microscopy of the extra-thecal epithelia of undecalcified scleractinian corals. Cell & Tissue Research 272:3, pages 533-543.
Crossref
Patrick Flammang & Michel Jangoux. (1993) Functional morphology of coronal and peristomeal podia in Sphaerechinus granularis (Echinodermata, Echinoida). Zoomorphology 113:1, pages 47-60.
Crossref
Patrick Flammang & Michel Jangoux. (1992) Functional morphology of the locomotory podia ofHolothuria forskali (Echinodermata, Holothuroida). Zoomorphology 111:3, pages 167-178.
Crossref
Beverley A. Moore, Anthony P. Russell & Aaron M. Bauer. (2005) Structure of the larynx of the tokay gecko ( Gekko gecko ), with particular reference to the vocal cords and glottal lips . Journal of Morphology 210:3, pages 227-238.
Crossref
Philip V. Mladenov, Brent Bisgrove, Satish Asotra & Robert D. Burke. (1989) Mechanisms of arm-tip regeneration in the sea star, Leptasterias hexactis. Roux's Archives of Developmental Biology 198:1, pages 19-28.
Crossref
W. E. Dobson & R. L. Turner. (1989) Morphology and histology of the disc autotomy plane in Ophiophragmus filograneus (Echinodermata, Ophiurida). Zoomorphology 108:6, pages 323-332.
Crossref
Robert D. Burke, Catherine Bouland & Anne I. Sanderson. (1989) Collagen diversity in the sea urchin, strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 94:1, pages 41-44.
Crossref
H. Magloire, A. Joffre & D. J. Hartmann. (1988) Localization and synthesis of type III collagen and fibronectin in human reparative dentine. Histochemistry 88:2, pages 141-149.
Crossref
G. O. Mackie & R. M. Marx. (1988) Phosphatic spicules in the nematocyst batteries of Nanomia cara (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora). Zoomorphology 108:2, pages 85-91.
Crossref
Gordon Hendler & Maria Byrne. (1987) Fine structure of the dorsal arm plate of Ophiocoma wendti: Evidence for a photoreceptor system (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea). Zoomorphology 107:5, pages 261-272.
Crossref
R. H. Emson & J. D. Woodley. (1987) Submersible and laboratory observations on Asteroschema tenue, a long-armed euryaline brittle star epizoic on gorgonians. Marine Biology 96:1, pages 31-45.
Crossref
Seiichi Kawamata, Kenichi Takaya & Toshiko Yoshida. (1987) Light- and electron-microscopic study of the endolymphatic sac of the tree frog, Hyla arborea japonica. Cell and Tissue Research 249:1, pages 57-62.
Crossref
Brian H. Peters & Andrew C. Campbell. (2005) Morphology of the nervous and muscular systems in the heads of pedicellariae from the sea urchin Echinus esculentus L . Journal of Morphology 193:1, pages 35-51.
Crossref
I. C. Wilkie & R. H. Emson. (1987) The tendons of Ophiocomina nigra and their role in autotomy (Echinodermata, Ophiuroida). Zoomorphology 107:1, pages 33-44.
Crossref
R. G. Gustafson & R. G. B. Reid. (1986) Development of the pericalymma larva of Solemya reidi (Bivalvia: Cryptodonta: Solemyidae) as revealed by light and electron microscopy. Marine Biology 93:3, pages 411-427.
Crossref
Richard G. Gustafson, Diarmaid Ó. Foighil & Robert G. B. Reid. (2009) Early Ontogeny of the Septibranch Bivalve Cardiomya Pectinata (Carpenter, 1865) . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66:4, pages 943-950.
Crossref
G. W. Bryan & P. E. Gibbs. (2009) Occurrence, composition and function of intracellular calcium phosphate granules in the musculature of nephtyid polychaetes (Annelida). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66:2, pages 343-365.
Crossref
Maria Byrne. (2005) The ultrastructure of the morula cells of Eupentacta quinquesemita (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) and their role in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix . Journal of Morphology 188:2, pages 179-189.
Crossref
James L. S. Cobb & Andrew Moore. (1986) Comparative studies on receptor structure in the brittlestarOphiura ophiura. Journal of Neurocytology 15:1, pages 97-108.
Crossref
. 1986. Basic Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscopy. Basic Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscopy 381 400 .
F. B. Beijnink & P. A. Voogt. (1986) The aboral haemal system of the sea star, Asterias rubens (Echinodermata, Asteroidea): An ultrastructural and histochemical study. Zoomorphology 106:1, pages 49-60.
Crossref
K. A. Hamilton, K. A. Linberg & J. F. Case. (2005) Structure of dactyl sensilla in the kelp crab, Pugettia producta . Journal of Morphology 185:3, pages 349-366.
Crossref
G.M. Jones, A.J. Hebda, R.E. Scheibling & R.J. Miller. (1985) Histopathology of the disease causing mass mortality of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) in Nova Scotia. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 45:3, pages 260-271.
Crossref
. (1997) The fine morphology of the osphradial sense organs of the Mollusca. 1. Gastropoda, Prosobranchia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences 307:1133, pages 457-496.
Crossref
Brian H. Peters. (1985) The innervation of spines in the sea-urchin Echinus esculentus L.. Cell and Tissue Research 239:1, pages 219-228.
Crossref
I. C. Wilkie, R. H. Emson & P. V. Mladenov. (1984) Morphological and mechanical aspects of fission in Ophiocomella ophiactoides (Echinodermata, Ophiuroida). Zoomorphology 104:5, pages 310-322.
Crossref
P. E. Gibbs & G. W. Bryan. (1984) Calcium phosphate granules in muscle cells of Nephtys (Annelida, Polychaeta)—a novel skeleton?. Nature 310:5977, pages 494-495.
Crossref
Von W. Erber. (2009) Der Steinkanal der Holothurien: Eine morphologische Studie zum Problem der Protocoelampulle1. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 21:3, pages 217-235.
Crossref
Donal T. Manahan & Dennis J. Crisp. (2009) Autoradiographic studies on the uptake of dissolved amino acids from sea water by bivalve larvae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 63:3, pages 673-682.
Crossref
T.R. Stubbs & J.L.S. Cobb. (1982) A new ciliary feeding structure in an ophiuroid echinoderm. Tissue and Cell 14:3, pages 573-583.
Crossref
Helge Hilgers & Heinz Splechtna. (1981) Zur Feinstruktur ophiocephaler Pedizellarien von Arbacia lixula (Linn�) (Echinodermata, Echinoidea)On the fine structure of the ophiocephalous pedicellariae from arbacia lixula L. (Echinodermata, Echinoidea). Functional analysis of the stalk. Zoomorphology 97:1-2, pages 89-100.
Crossref
B.H Peters & G.A.B Shelton. (1981) Electrical activity during a “simple” behaviour: Spine-pointing in a sea urchin. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 70:3, pages 397-403.
Crossref
A. R. Fontaine & B. D. Hall. (2004) Biocompatibility of echinoderm skeleton with mammalian cells in vitro : Preliminary evidence . Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15:1, pages 61-71.
Crossref
Richard A. Satterlie, Peter A. V. Anderson & James Case. 1976. Coelenterate Ecology and Behavior. Coelenterate Ecology and Behavior 619 627 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.