Doctoral intelligence: a framework for developing mindsets for doctorateness in changing doctoral contexts

Figures & data

Table 1. Mindsets for success.

Doctoral Intelligence
Knowing:	Foundational expertise in discipline and research
Doing:	Application in practice of research for the research product
Thinking:	Higher level of mental processing for quality research work
Willing:	Open-minded for continuing development

Table 2. Self-management techniques.

Brainstorming	Talking to others to test the waters Listening to others to get ideas (for example in colloquia) Mind-mapping/relevance tree/drawing of conceptual maps to connect the dots and see things from a different perspective Keeping notebook for ideas as they arise
Distancing	Taking a break, sleeping it off, slowing down the mind by being active (talking, swimming or cycling). Benchmarking, wide reading: ‘ … and then a lot of stepping away and then just say, okay, let us just render this for a while’ (Joan P)
Alignment	Continual checking of alignment and the golden thread by keeping the research question central Avoid getting side-tracked: ‘ … if you engage with it continuously, you start connecting with things’ (Norman P)
Distillation	Summarising and draft-upon-draft process helps with filtering to focus ‘Be comfortable with deleting … ’ (Nadine I) Three-minute speech as a tool Simplicity through drawing conceptual frameworks and ‘drilling down’ into the key concepts (Jerry F)
Structure	Putting systems in place for accountability Informal support from knowledgeable mentors or consulting coaches/psychologists Checking in and interacting with peers to counter loneliness, for sound-boarding and reciprocal support Promoting well-being and nurturing personal support networks (family and friends)