Smart phase transformation system based on lyotropic liquid crystalline@hard capsules for sustained release of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs

Figures & data

Table 1. Saturated solubilities of drugs in different medium (n = 3).

Drug	HCl (pH 1.2, μg/mL)	PBS (pH 7.2, μg/mL)	Deionized water (pH 6.9, μg/mL)
DOXY	1.60 × 105	1.16 × 105	2.56 × 105
MLX	1.00 × 102	4.84 × 102	1.12 × 102

Figure 1. Drug release and water uptake of GMO-DOXY system (A, C) and GMO-MLX system (B, D) (drug loading: 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 37 °C, n = 3).

Figure 2. Illustration of drug release mechanism from the lyotropic liquid crystal structure.

Figure 3. Effect of gelucire 39/01 content on drug release (A) from GMO- DOXY- gelucire 39/01 system and water uptake (B) (DOXY loading 5%, 37 °C, n = 3).

Figure 4. Effect of PEG 1000 content on drug release (A) from GMO- MLX- PEG 1000 system and water uptake (B) (MLX loading 2.5%, 37 °C, n = 3).

Figure 5. Effect of Tween 80 content on drug release (A) from GMO-MLX-PEG 1000-Tween 80 system and water uptake (B) (MLX loading 2.5%, PEG 1000 15%, 37 °C, n = 3).

Figure 6. Release profiles of optimized SPTS@hard capsules and commercial tablets: DOXY in water (A) and MLX in pH 7.2 PBS (B) (37 °C, n = 3).

Figure 7. Changes of appearance of the SPTS@hard capsules (1: GMO-Gelucire 39/01 = 80:15, 2: GMO-PEG 1000-Tween 80 = 80:15:2.5, 3: GMO-DOXY-Gelucire 39/01 = 80:5:15, 4: GMO-MLX-PEG 1000-Tween 80 = 80:2.5:15:2.5) in pH 1.2 HCl (A) and water (B) (Time intervals: 0, 0.5, 5, 60, 120 min and 24 h respectively).

Figure 8. Polarizing microscope photos and SAXS diffractograms of optimized SPTS@hard capsules containing DOXY and MLX after 1 h and 24 h release studies. (Polarizing microscope photos: A, DOXY 1 h; B, DOXY, 24 h; C, MLX 1 h; D, MLX 24 h; SAXS diffractograms: E, DOXY 1 h; F, DOXY, 24 h; G, MLX 1 h; H, MLX 24 h).