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Research Articles

Effects of Orthographic, Morphological and Semantic Overlap on Short-Term Memory for Words in Typical and Atypical Development

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of participants.

Table 2. Mean (standard deviation) descriptive statistics for target and probe stimuli in morphological, pseudo-morphological, semantic, and unrelated conditions.

Figure 1. Typically developing novice, intermediate, and advanced readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 1. Typically developing novice, intermediate, and advanced readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 2. Children with a history of repeated ear infection (otitis media [OM]), reading age (RA), and chronological age (CA) matched typically developing readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 2. Children with a history of repeated ear infection (otitis media [OM]), reading age (RA), and chronological age (CA) matched typically developing readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 3. Dyslexic, reading-age- (RA) and chronological-age- (CA) matched typically developing readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 3. Dyslexic, reading-age- (RA) and chronological-age- (CA) matched typically developing readers’ sensitivity (d') to the presence of the probe on the list when a target word shared morphological, pseudo-morphological, or semantic overlap, or was unrelated. Note. Error bars indicate standard error.

Table A1. Stimuli.