Total Antioxidant, Phenolic Compounds, and Total Oxidant Status of Certified and Uncertified Turkey's Honeys

Figures & data

Table 1 Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenol and total oxidant status (TOS) contents of honey samples (n:3)

No	Name	Group ^b	TAC ^a	T. Phenol ^a	TOS ^a
1	Elmadag Floral (Type 1)	C	0.1830 ± 0.0021	18.92 ± 0.30	12.83 ± 0.23
2	Elmadag Floral (Type 2)	C	0.2376 ± 0.0054	16.58 ± 0.15	13.43 ± 0.18
3	Adana Ucgul	C	0.1204 ± 0.0023	17.02 ± 0.16	6.68 ± 0.12
4	Natural Old Honey	C	0.2541 ± 0.0029	18.39 ± 0.25	9.42 ± 0.10
5	Aydın Pine	C	0.5131 ± 0.0022	16.71 ± 0.21	11.21 ± 0.22
6	Bitlis Floral	C	0.0490 ± 0.0009	16.73 ± 0.17	4.60 ± 0.31
7	Polatlı Floral	C	0.2663 ± 0.0057	16.37 ± 0.18	9.58 ± 0.11
8	Kirikkale Floral	C	0.1604 ± 0.0010	16.82 ± 0.12	7.30 ± 0.09
9	Diyarbakir Karacadag Geven	C	0.0971 ± 0.0008	16.75 ± 0.40	6.05 ± 0.23
10	Malatya Floral	C	0.0908 ± 0.0013	19.85 ± 0.29	5.04 ± 0.12
11	Sandal-Citrus mixed	C	0.2090 ± 0.0022	16.78 ± 0.36	4.12 ± 0.03
12	Kayseri Tomarza Floral-thyme	C	0.5755 ± 0.0102	16.40 ± 0.12	9.24 ± 0.08
13	Cotton-Floral mixed 2	C	0.1495 ± 0.0011	16.80 ± 0.31	17.99 ± 0.33
14	Diyarbakir Floral	C	0.1769 ± 0.0010	16.83 ± 0.22	10.97 ± 0.14
15	Elazıg Geven	C	0.0871 ± 0.0005	16.68 ± 0.51	8.29 ± 0.09
16	Aydin Floral	C	0.2762 ± 0.0041	16.89 ± 0.46	2.79 ± 0.04
17	Muş Bulanik Floral	C	0.2269 ± 0.0019	16.93 ± 0.35	6.41 ± 0.04
18	Honey No:1	U	0.0857 ± 0.0010	11.84 ± 0.18	2.50 ± 0.02
19	Honey No:2	U	0.1320 ± 0.0020	11.00 ± 0.12	1.20 ± 0.04
20	Honey No:3	U	0.0854 ± 0.0009	9.61 ± 0.05	1.40 ± 0.02
21	Honey No:4	U	0.2155 ± 0.0044	9.45 ± 0.09	0.43 ± 0.01
22	Honey No:5	U	0.0585 ± 0.0010	9.14 ± 0.10	0.70 ± 0.05
23	Honey No:6	U	0.0767 ± 0.0016	13.74 ± 0.32	0.90 ± 0.01
24	Honey No:7	U	0.0223 ± 0.0008	12.37 ± 0.39	1.49 ± 0.03
25	Honey No:8	U	0.0165 ± 0.0013	10.29 ± 0.20	0.53 ± 0.04
^aUnit of TAC: mmol Trolox equivalent/L; Unit of Total Phenol: mmol gallic acid equivalent/L; Unit of Total Oxidant Status: μmol H2O2 equivalent/L; ^bC: Certified; U: Uncertified.

Table 2 Descriptives of the honey samples for their total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenol and total oxidant status (TOS) contents. (P < 0.05)

	Type	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error
TAC∗	Uncertified	8	0.087	0.064	0.023
	Certified	17	0.216	0.141	0.034
	Total	25	0.175	0.135	0.027
T. Phenol∗	Uncertified	8	10.930	1.619	0.572
	Certified	17	17.144	0.962	0.233
	Total	25	15.156	3.184	0.637
TOS∗	Uncertified	8	1.144	0.673	0.238
	Certified	17	8.585	3.898	0.945
	Total	25	6.204	4.777	0.955
^aUnit of TAC: mmol Trolox equivalent/L; Unit of Total Phenol: mmol gallic acid equivalent/L; Unit of Total Oxidant Status: μmol H2O2 equivalent/L.

Table 3 Correlation analysis of the honey samples for their total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenol and total oxidant status (TOS) contents

		TAC ^a	T. Phenol ^a	TOS ^a
TAC ^a	Pearson Correlation	1.000	0.348	0.444∗
	Sig. (2-tailed)	–	0.89	0.026
T.Phenol ^a	Pearson Correlation	0.348	1.000	0.689∗∗
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.089	–	0.000
TOS^a	Pearson Correlation Z	0.444∗	0.689∗∗	1.000
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.026	0.000	–
∗Correlation is significant at the P = 0.05 level. ∗∗Correlation is significant at the P = 0.01 level. ^aUnit of TAC: mmol Trolox equivalent/L; Unit of Total Phenol: mmol gallic acid equivalent/L; Unit of Total Oxidant Status: μmol H2O2 equivalent/L.