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Articles

Isophtalic acid terminated graphene oxide modified glassy carbon nanosensor electrode: Cd2+ and Bi3+ analysis in tap water and milk samples

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Pages 1558-1568 | Received 21 Apr 2016, Accepted 13 Jul 2016, Published online: 14 Nov 2016

Figures & data

Figure 1. TEM imaging of A: GO and B: XRD pattern of graphite and GO.

Figure 1. TEM imaging of A: GO and B: XRD pattern of graphite and GO.

Figure 2. A: N1s and B: C1s core spectra of GC/GO-IPA.

Figure 2. A: N1s and B: C1s core spectra of GC/GO-IPA.

Figure 3. A: Cyclic voltammograms and B: Nyquist plots of 2 mM Fe(CN)63-/4- on the bare GC electrode and GC/GO-IPA.

Figure 3. A: Cyclic voltammograms and B: Nyquist plots of 2 mM Fe(CN)63-/4- on the bare GC electrode and GC/GO-IPA.

Table 1. Fitting values of EIS data for 2 mM Fe(CN)63-/4- redox probe couple on bare GC and GC/GO-IPA in 100 mM KCl supported electrolyte.

Figure 4. The effect of A: pH, B: deposition time, and C: suspension solution volume.

Figure 4. The effect of A: pH, B: deposition time, and C: suspension solution volume.

Figure 5. SWASV responses of A: 1×10−8 M, B: 1×10−9 M, C: 1×10−10 M, D: 1×10−11 M, and E: 1×10−12 M Cd2+ and Bi3+ on the GC/GO-IPA surface (pulse size: 25 mV, Frequency: 25 Hz.).

Figure 5. SWASV responses of A: 1×10−8 M, B: 1×10−9 M, C: 1×10−10 M, D: 1×10−11 M, and E: 1×10−12 M Cd2+ and Bi3+ on the GC/GO-IPA surface (pulse size: 25 mV, Frequency: 25 Hz.).

Figure 6. Calibration curves of A: 1×10−8 M, B: 1×10−9 M, C: 1×10−10 M, D: 1×10−11 M, and E: 1×10−12 M Cd2+ and Bi3+ on the GC/GO-IPA.

Figure 6. Calibration curves of A: 1×10−8 M, B: 1×10−9 M, C: 1×10−10 M, D: 1×10−11 M, and E: 1×10−12 M Cd2+ and Bi3+ on the GC/GO-IPA.

Table 2. The recoveries of Bi3+ and Cd2+ in tap water and milk samples (n = 5).

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