Sensory evaluation of kokum drinks by fuzzy logic and a simple method

Figures & data

Table 1. Converting 5-point linguistic scale to 6-point scale.

Score (s)	Importance/Acceptability
0–1	Not at all necessary/Not satisfactory
1 < s ≤ 3	Somewhat necessary/Fair
3 < s ≤ 5	Necessary/Satisfactory
5 < s ≤ 7	Important/Good
7 < s ≤ 9	Highly important/Very good
9 < s ≤ 10	Extremely important/Excellent

Table 2. Summary of the sensory scores for the quality attributes of kokum samples.

Sensory quality attributes and kokum juice samples	Sensory scale factors on 5-point scale
	Not satisfactory	Fair	Medium	Good	Excellent
Aroma
Sample 1	24	21	25	14	16
Sample 2	22	23	28	17	10
Sample 3	28	22	25	18	7
Sample 4	16	20	22	20	22
Colour
Sample 1	20	23	23	17	17
Sample 2	19	20	24	18	19
Sample 3	22	22	26	20	10
Sample 4	15	23	24	24	14
Mouth feel
Sample 1	22	20	26	15	17
Sample 2	20	19	26	19	16
Sample 3	23	22	22	17	16
Sample 4	18	16	27	22	17
Taste
Sample 1	12	20	28	22	18
Sample 2	21	21	30	22	6
Sample 3	19	18	29	20	14
Sample 4	12	21	23	24	20

Table 3. Summary of the sensory scores for the quality attributes of kokum samples in general.

Quality attributes of kokum juice in general	Sensory scale factors on 5-point scale
	Not at all important	Somewhat important	Important	Highly important	Extremely important
Aroma	16	14	26	30	14
Color	16	17	24	28	15
Mouth feel	13	20	24	27	16
Taste	17	15	20	22	26

Table 4. Similarity values of the kokum samples for the overall ranking (fuzzy logic). Values in bold indicate the highest similarity value for the respective sample.

Sensory scale factor	Sample 1	Sample 2	Sample 3	Sample 4
Not satisfactory, F1	0.04759	0.062436	0.070662	0.03054
Fair, F2	0.34566	0.386747	0.417814	0.281525
Satisfactory, F3	0.708092	0.733362	0.756863	0.6405
Good, F4	0.653649	0.62689	0.60222	0.685611
Very good, F5	0.264081	0.233447	0.1976	0.34884
Excellent, F6	0.024206	0.017913	0.009782	0.05821

Table 5. Similarity values of the kokum samples for the overall ranking (SMC).

Sample	Sample 1	Sample 2	Sample 3	Sample 4
Scale factor	Satisfactory	Satisfactory	Satisfactory	Good
Score	4.7837	4.563242	4.387864	5.21717

Table 6. Ranking of the quality attributes of the kokum samples in general (fuzzy logic).

Scale factor	Colour	Aroma	Taste	Mouth feel
Not at all necessary F1	0	0	0	0
Somewhat necessary F2	0.0833	0.07619	0.043373	0.07816
Necessary F3	0.7238	0.6952	0.5662	0.6965
Important F4	0.8655	0.8830	0.9099	0.8819
Highly important F5	0.1929	0.2186	0.26212	0.21662
Extremely important F6	0	0	0	0

Table 7. Ranking of the quality attributes of the kokum samples in general (SMC).

Attribute	Colour	Aroma	Taste	Mouth feel
Scale factor	Important	Important	Important	Important
Score	5.225	5.3	5.625	5.325

Table 8. Similarity values for the quality attributes of the kokum juice samples (fuzzy logic). Values in bold are highest similarity values for the particular attribute of the particular sample.

Sample	Sensory scale	Quality attribute
		Colour	Aroma	Taste	Mouth feel
Sample 1	Not satisfactory	0.061312	0.069166	0.023375	0.0624
	fair	0.3859	0.4206	0.2387	0.3856
	satisfactory	0.7361	0.7623	0.5851	0.73488
	Good	0.6291	0.6000	0.7077	0.6298
	Very good	0.2299	0.190682	0.4195	0.2302
	Excellent	0.01664	0.00794	0.09299	0.0166
Sample 2	Not satisfactory	0.04487	0.08644	0.006625	0.05295
	fair	0.3371	0.4514	0.40074	0.3520
	satisfactory	0.7000	0.7636	0.7433	0.70499
	Good	0.6557	0.5635	0.6159	0.6470
	Very good	0.2717	0.16641	0.2196	0.2647
	Excellent	0.0262	0.0041	0.01492	0.0250
Sample 3	Not satisfactory	0.08339	0.1104	0.03224	0.06778
	fair	0.4450	0.5276	0.2971	0.4039
	satisfactory	0.7627	0.7904	0.6702	0.7473
	Good	0.5717	0.4944	0.6745	0.6160
	Very good	0.1726	0.1121	0.3	0.2118
	Excellent	0.0052	0	0.03232	0.01258
Sample 4	Not satisfactory	0.0510	0.02963	0.020474	0.0364
	fair	0.3372	0.2776	0.2217	0.2992
	satisfactory	0.6854	0.6385	0.5627	0.6569
	Good	0.6499	0.6881	0.7104	0.6684
	Very good	0.2826	0.3535	0.4407	0.3156
	Excellent	0.0299	0.060689	0.1043	0.0433

Table 9. Similarity values for the quality attributes of the kokum juice samples (SMC).

Sample	Colour		Aroma		Taste		Mouth feel
	Scale factor	Score	Scale factor	Score	Scale factor	Score	Scale factor	Score
Sample1	Satisfactory	4.7	Satisfactory	4.42	Good	5.35	Satisfactory	4.62
Sample2	Satisfactory	4.95	Satisfactory	4.25	Satisfactory	4.27	Satisfactory	4.8
Sample3	Satisfactory	4.35	Satisfactory	3.85	Satisfactory	4.8	Satisfactory	4.52
Sample4	Satisfactory	4.97	Good	5.3	Good	5.475	Good	5.1