Chemical profiling and in-vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity of Sesbania sesban and Sesbania grandiflora seeds

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemoprofile of methanolic extract of S. sesban and S. grandiflora seed (GC-MS analysis).

	Seed coat		Germ		Endosperm		Seed
Phytochemicals	RT	% area	RT	% area	RT	% area	RT	% area
D-pinitol	23.39	48.39	-	-	23.41	13.26	23.39	8.35
D-(-)-fructose	24.77	10.13	-	-	24.79 & 25.14	10.13
α, D-glucopyranoside	37.29	4.33	38.65	9.67	-	-	46.38	50.78
Myo-inositol	-	-	27.91	1.66	27.93	2.38	27.91	1.89
Sucrose	-	-	37.24, 46.47	21.71	37.27	33.54	37.25	17.08
Maltose	-	-	-	-	-	-	38.89	3.37
D-pinitol	23.41	41.12	23.35	32.05			23.39	21.90
D-(-)-fructose	-	-	25.12	12.23
α, D-glucopyranoside	-	-	-	-	-	-	25.16	5.70
Myo-inositol	-	-	27.91	6.44			27.91	10.78
Sucrose	37.29	19.13			37.29	19.13	37.27	38.78
Maltose	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arachidonic acid	-	-	-	-	7.55	43.60	-	-

Table 2. Quantification of Pinitol in separated parts of S. sesban and S. grandiflora (methanolic extracts).

S.No.	Sample	Extract (%)	Total Pinitol content (%)	Pinitol (mg/kg) dried powder
1.	DSSh-me	5.79 ± 0.31	2.95 ± 0.09	8534.9052
2.	DSSg-me	2.67 ± 0.28	11.02 ± 0.12	2800.2409
3.	DSSe-me	5.06 ± 0.21	14.5 ± 0.13	9296.9954
4.	DSSp-me	8.42 ± 0.22	6.27 ± 0.13	26412.989
5.	DSGh-me	3.12 ± 0.32	12.8 ± 0.1	58624.533
6.	DSGg-me	3.53 ± 0.42	14.9 ± 0.18	31744.501
7.	DSGe-me	8.39 ± 0.31	2.03 ± 0.16	18162.172
8.	DSGp-me	7.67 ± 0.18	-	-

DSSh-me- methanolic extract of seed coat of S. sesban, DSSg-me-methanolic extract of germ of S. sesban, DSSe-me-methanolic extract of endosperm of S. sesban, DSSp-me-methanolic extract of seed powder of S. sesban, DSGh-me-methanolic extract of seed coat of S. grandiflora, DSGg-me-methanolic extract of germ of S. grandiflora, DSGe-me- methanolic extract of endosperm of S. grandiflora,DSGp-me- methanolic extract of S. grandiflora seed powder

Table 3. Elemental analysis of Sesbania seed.

S.N.	Seeds	S. sesban (mg/100 gm)		S. grandiflora(mg/100 gm)
1.	Parts	Powder	Endosperm	Powder		Endosperm
2.	Cr	9.95 ± 0.13	8.31 ± 0.11	11.3 ± 0.16		13.7 ± 0.17
3.	Mn	42.3 ± 0.12	36.3 ± 0.10	33.7 ± 0.15		13.7 ± 0.14
5.	Fe	67.5 ± 0.16	63.8 ± 0.13	60.2 ± 0.18		91.9 ± 0.29
.6	Co	50.4 ± 0.23	0	0		57.7 ± 0.16
7.	Ni	107 ± 0.10	30.5 ± 0.14	56 ± 0.15		0
8.	Cu	50 ± 0.13	31.5 ± 0.15	32 ± 0.12		33.1 ± 0.18
9.	Zn	10.7 ± 0.10	264 ± 0.14	99 ± 0.17		31.5 ± 0.31
12.	Na	241 ± 0.12	238 ± 0.11	234 ± 0.21		218 ± 0.2
13.	K	103.1 ± 0.17	60.2 ± 0.28	181 ± 0.2		65.1 ± 0.4
14.	Ca	0 ± 0	525 ± 0.003	500 ± 0.04		0 ± 0

Table 4. Alpha-amylase inhibitory assay of S. sesban and S. grandiflora seed (Methanolic extracts).

Sample	% Inhibition					IC50
Concentrations (μg/ml)	6.25	12.5	25	50	100
DSSh-me	42.38^b±1.12	43.09^c±1.23	52.86^b±1.32	54.28^d±1.12	76.19^c±1.02	27.98±0.56
DSSg-me	40.48^c±1.2	46.9^b±1.1	45.48^c±1.12	51.19^e±1.04	58.81^e±1.06	47.00 ±1.2
DSSe-me	40.00^d±1.1	49.05^a±1.13	52.86^b±1.23	60^a±1.1	60^d±1.3	25.38±0.45
DSSp-me	38.10^e±0.89	43.10^c±0.78	44.52^e±0.56	48.33^h±1.13	76.90^b ±1.23	38.26±0.78
DSGh-me	33.10^g±0.56	34.29^f±0.34	49.05^c ±0.78	50^f±0.56	58.57^f±1.12	58.12±1.12
DSGg-me	30.48^h±0.34	36.43^e ±0.45	55.95^a±1.13	57.86^b ±1.1	58.095^g±1.12	47.46±1.12
DSGe-me	34.76^j±0.67	36.43^e ±0.56	45.24^d ±1.02	48.81^g± 1.12	54.52^h±1.12	69.49±0.89
DSGp-me	31.43^i ±0.67	36.43^e ±0.78	37.14^f±0.56	45.24^i ±1.1	54.52^h±1.12	77.41±1.12
Acarbose	43.08^a ±1.1	40.34^d ±1.2	52.86^b±1.3	54.89^c ±1.1	86.19^a ±1.3	31.29±0.78

DSSh-me- methanolic extract of seed coat of S. sesban, DSSg-me-methanolic extract of germ of S. sesban, DSSe-me-methanolic extract of endosperm of S. sesban, DSSp-me-methanolic extract of seed powder of S. sesban, DSGh-me-methanolic extract of seed coat of S. grandiflora, DSGg-me-methanolic extract of germ of S. grandiflora, DSGe-me- methanolic extract of endosperm of S. grandiflora,DSGp-me- methanolic extract of S. grandiflora seed powder

Values are expressed in mean ± SD, different letters from a-I are significantly different (p < 0.05) as measured by Tukey’s test