Nitric oxide alleviates chilling injury in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit by regulating membrane lipid and energy metabolism

Figures & data

Table 1. Primers for real-time q-PCR analysis.

Gene	Forward primer (5’-3’)	Reverse primer (5’-3’)
PLA	TGAAACCCAACGCGGACATA	TTGCACCAAGCGCACTAAAC
PLD	AGTGAGGTTTGGGGAGTTTACA	AGAGCACTAAATCCTGGTGGG
lipase	GAACAGGACGGAGTAACATGGCTAC	GTCGGGTTCAGCGTGGTATGTC
LOX	AGGGGCACTTTGAGCATGTG	AGTACAAAGCTACTCTAAAGCACTC
H^+-ATPase	GCCACCTCCTCTTGACCAATTCC	GCTCTCGTTTGCTCTTCACTCTCTC
Ca^2+-ATPase	AATTGTTGTTGTTGCTGTGCCAGAG	CAAGTGACGGACGAGTGCCTTATC
SDH	TGGCATGTGGAATGGATGAAGAGAC	GAGCACGCAAGTAGCCAAATGAAC
CCO	GCCACCTCCTCTTGACCAATTCC	GCTCTCGTTTGCTCTTCACTCTCTC
Actin	TTCTGGTGATGGTGTGAGTC	GGCAGTGGTGGTGAACATG

Figure 1. CI index (a) and relative electrolyte leakage (b) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05).

Figure 2. The activities of phospholipase A (PLA) (a), phospholipase D (PLD) (b), lipase (c), and lipoxygenase (LOX) (d) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05).

Figure 3. The relative expression of CsPLA (a), CsPLD (b), CsLipase (c), and CsLOX (d) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05, **P < .01).

Figure 4. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (a), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (b) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) content (c), and energy charge (EC) (d) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05, **P < .01).

Figure 5. The activities of H⁺-ATPase (a), Ca²⁺-ATPase (b), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (c), and cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) (d) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05, **P < .01).

Figure 6. The relative expression of CsH⁺-ATPase (a), CsCa²⁺-ATPase (b), CsSDH (c), and CsCCO (d) in cold stored cucumber fruit. Cucumber fruits were subjected to NO donor SNP (1.0 μM) or water (control). Data presented are mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk denotes statistically significant differences between the treatment and control groups at each time point (*P < .05, **P < .01).

Figure 7. A proposed model shows that membrane lipid and energy metabolism influence chilling injury during cold storage of cucumber fruit.