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Research Article

Enhancing Qotcho fermentation process utilizing lactic acid bacteria inoculum: microbial kinetics and metabolism

Pages 602-615 | Received 11 Sep 2023, Accepted 09 Apr 2024, Published online: 23 Apr 2024

Figures & data

Figure 1. Geographical location of study site (a) and schematic representation of the study process flow diagram (b).

Figure 1. Geographical location of study site (a) and schematic representation of the study process flow diagram (b).

Figure 2. Sample collection and traditional Qotcho fermentation: Pit of fermentation for samples (Month-1, Month-3 and Month-6) (a), fermented mass wrapping with Enset leaves (koba) (b) and Samples of Month-1, Month-3 and Month-6 in polyethylene bag (c).

Figure 2. Sample collection and traditional Qotcho fermentation: Pit of fermentation for samples (Month-1, Month-3 and Month-6) (a), fermented mass wrapping with Enset leaves (koba) (b) and Samples of Month-1, Month-3 and Month-6 in polyethylene bag (c).

Figure 3. Dynamic nature of microbial fermentation: Temperature record (a), pH measurement (b) colony forming units of LAB in laboratory at 30°C (c), and pH of fermentation in laboratory at 30°C (d) of Qotcho samples.

Figure 3. Dynamic nature of microbial fermentation: Temperature record (a), pH measurement (b) colony forming units of LAB in laboratory at 30°C (c), and pH of fermentation in laboratory at 30°C (d) of Qotcho samples.

Figure 4. Microbial growth kinetics in the form of CFU at different temperatures: LAB fermentation on Agade (a), LAB fermentation on Disho (b) LAB fermentation on Gimbo (c) and LAB fermentation on all samples with control at 30°C (d) over 36 days of fermentation.

Figure 4. Microbial growth kinetics in the form of CFU at different temperatures: LAB fermentation on Agade (a), LAB fermentation on Disho (b) LAB fermentation on Gimbo (c) and LAB fermentation on all samples with control at 30°C (d) over 36 days of fermentation.

Figure 5. pH measurement at different temperatures: pH record on Agade (a), pH record on Disho (b) pH record on Gimbo (c), and pH record on all samples with control at 30°C (d) over 36 days of fermentation.

Figure 5. pH measurement at different temperatures: pH record on Agade (a), pH record on Disho (b) pH record on Gimbo (c), and pH record on all samples with control at 30°C (d) over 36 days of fermentation.

Table 1. Colony forming units of LAB in different fresh Enset varieties at different temperature ranges.

Table 2. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), General factorial regression: pH versus samples, temperature, fermentation time.

Figure 6. Statistical analysis of pH measurement at different temperatures for all samples: Normal probability plot (a), individual point plot (b) histogram of residual plot (c), and data point plot on time series (d) over 36 days of pH observation.

Figure 6. Statistical analysis of pH measurement at different temperatures for all samples: Normal probability plot (a), individual point plot (b) histogram of residual plot (c), and data point plot on time series (d) over 36 days of pH observation.