Sport clubs, policy networks, and local politics

Figures & data

Figure 1. Norwegian sports system

Figure 2. Sports club network. Size of nodes reflects number of members; colour of nodes represents sports

Figure 3. Sports policy networks, coloured by sector

Figure 4. Distribution of degrees (a) sports clubs, (b) actors in policy network

Table 1. Descriptive network measures of sport club network and sport policy network.

	Sport clubs network	Sport policy network
Degrees
Number of actors	35	108
Number of ties	95	270
Average degree	2,7	2.5
Density	0.080	0.023
Centralisation
Centralisation, degree	0.18	0.12
Centralisation, eigenvector	0.21	0.36
Reciprocity	0.97	0.98
Fragmentation
Max	0.82	0.91
Min	0.74	0.89
Difference	0.07	0.02
Cluster
Cluster global	0.26	0.06
Transitivity	0.27	0.27

Table 2. Sport club network. ERGM estimates, standard errors, z-values and statistical significance

	Estimate	Std.Error	z-value	Pr(>|z|)
Propensity:
Edges	−2.67	0.50	−5.33	<1e-04***
Centralisation/hierarchy:
Mutual	4.46	0.50	8.94	<1e-04***
Clustering/transitivity:
gwesp.fixed.0.2	1.02	0.27	3.86	0.0002***
gwdsp.fixed.0.2	−0.10	0.08	−1.23	0.2420
Ctriple Actor attributes/capacity:	−1.43	0.53	−2.69	0.0095**
Size^a 101–250 (nodefactor)	0.56	0.21	2.61	0.0013**
Size 251–1409 (nodefactor)	0.48	0.25	1.91	0.0240
Actor attributes/homophily:
Central org (nodematch)	1.05	0.32	3.21	0.0013**
Individual sports (nodematch)	−0.34	0.50	−0.69	0.6955
Team sports (nodematch)	−0.40	0.63	−0.65	0.7085
Soccer (nodematch)	2.46	0.54	4.39	<1e-04***
Ski (nodematch)	1.50	0.62	2.39	0.0182*
Shooting (nodematch)6	2.37	0.63	3.73	0.0001***
Edge covariance
Distance between clubs	−2.06	0.29	−7.09	<1e-04***
AIC: 371 BIC: 442

0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’

a Compared to the smallest clubs: 6 to 100 members

Table 3. Sport policy network. ERGM estimates, standard errors, z-values and statistical significance

	Estimate	Std.Error	z-value	Pr(>|z|)
Propensity:
Edges	−3.27	0.11	−29.10	<1e-04***
Hierarchy:
Mutual	3.67	0.22	17.05	<1e-04***
Actor attributes/influence
Public actors^a (nodefactor)	−0.42	0.13	−3.33	0.0009***
Sport organisations (nodefactor)	−0.57	0.11	−5.39	<1e-04***
Market actors (nodefactor)	−0.88	0.19	−4.57	<1e-04***
Voluntary org. (nodefactor)	−1.49	0.28	−5.34	<1e-04***
Sport clubs outside (nodefactor)	−1.52	0.17	−9.19	<1e-04***
AIC: 2080 BIC: 2132

0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’

a Compared to sport clubs within the municipality

Figure A1 (appendix). Goodness of fit for Sport Club Network. A sample of graphs is randomly drawn from the specified model and the figures show the statistics of the quantiles for a selection of measures for the simulated sample. In a good fit, the observed statistics should be near the sample median (0.5)

Figure A2 (appendix). Goodness of fit for Sport Policy Network. See Figure A1 for more info