Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in conventional and organic red grapes (var. Monastrell)
Actividad antioxidante y compuestos fenólicos en uva tinta (var. Monastrell) obtenida por cultivo tradicional y ecológico

Figures & data

Table 1. Enological parameters of both conventional and organic grapes.
Tabla 1. Parámetros enológicos de uva ecológica y convencional.

	Year	Weight 100 berry (g)	°Be	TAc g/L tartaric acid	pH
P1	2002	151.30	12.5	5.10	3.71
	2003	148.32	11.8	5.25	3.73
P2	2002	143.75	11.5	5.71	3.68
	2003	159.51	12.5	6.15	3.61
P3	2002	148.32	11.8	6.00	3.65
	2003	160.78	11.5	7.20	3.40
P4	2002	130.43	12.7	7.16	3.63
	2003	118.24	12.9	6.45	3.66
Notes: TAc, total acidity; °Be, Baume degree; P1, conventional vineyard; P2, conventional vineyard; P3, organic vineyard; P4, organic vineyard. Notas: TAc, acidez total; °Be, grados Baume; P1, viña convencional; P2, viña convencional; P3, viña ecológica; P4, viña ecológica.

Figure 1. Antioxidant activity in conventional and organic grapes. (-□-) Antioxidant activity organic grape. (-▪-) Antioxidant activity conventional grape.

Figura 1. Actividad antioxidante en uva ecológica y convencional. (-□-) Actividad antioxidante de uva ecológica. (-▪-) Actividad antioxidante de uva convencional.

Table 2. Anthocyanins. Composition of conventional and organic grapes.
Tabla 2. Antocianos. Composición de uva ecológica y convencional.

	Year	Dp-3-glc	Cy-3-glc	Pt-3-glc	Pn-3-glc	Mv-3-glc	Acyl derv
P1	2002	78.50 ± 2.70	62.65 ± 1.57	96.55 ± 1.80	87.60 ± 3.84	270.9 ± 10.50	110.35 ± 17.70
	2003	60.04 ± 2.30	55.36 ± 3.50	70.01 ± 1.09	75.02 ± 2.57	250.04 ± 2.50	112.75 ± 2.00
P2	2002	66.85 ± 3.22	93.35 ± 5.44	68.55 ± 5.29	130.30 ± 8.49	234.02 ± 5.85	115.75 ± 5.27
	2003	83.20 ± 2.08	63.72 ± 3.60	88.30 ± 2.51	75.26 ± 1.50	330.48 ± 2.50	100.23 ± 3.40
P3	2002	91.20 ± 3.02	114.50 ± 5.61	95.15 ± 4.16	143.50 ± 8.15	215.35 ± 10.40	90.05 ± 2.64
	2003	72.25 ± 3.06	62.50 ± 3.72	92.90 ± 3.65	95.66 ± 5.43	300.00 ± 9.50	131.75 ± 4.90
P4	2002	102.50 ± 7.63	100.01 ± 8.74	58.60 ± 3.93	161.20 ± 8.94	211.70 ± 10.16	100.80 ± 4.26
	2003	130.44 ± 1.26	110.30 ± 3.63	140.81 ± 5.10	100.10 ± 10.94	240.23 ± 6.35	165.90 ± 4.71
Notes: Values are expressed as mg/kg fresh weight of total grape berry. Mean values are shown (n = 3) ± standard error. P1, conventional vineyard, P2, conventional vineyard, P3, organic vineyard, P4, organic vineyard; Dp-3–glc, delphinidin 3-glucoside; Cy-3-glc, cyanidin 3-glucoside; Pt-3-glc, petunidin 3-glucoside; Pn-3-glc, peonidin 3-glucoside; Mv-3-glc, malvidin 3-glucoside; Acyl derv, acylated derivatives. Notas: Los valores se expresan por mg/kg de peso fresco de la uva. Los valores se expresan como medias (n = 3) ± error estándar. P1, viña convencional; P2, viña convencional; P3, viña ecológica; P4, viña ecológica; Dp-3–glc, delfinidina-3-glucósido; Cy-3-glc, cianidina-3-glucósido; Pt-3-glc, petunidina-3-glucosido; Pn-3-glc, peonidina-3-glucósido; Mv-3-glc, malvidina-3-glucósido; Acyl derv, derivados acilados.

Table 3. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Composition in conventional and organic grapes.
Tabla 3. Derivados hidroxicinámicos. Composición de uva ecológica y convencional.

	Year	Trans-caffeoyltartaric	Compound 2	Trans-p-coumaroyltartaric
P1	2002	2.80 ± 0.05	2.47 ± 0.35	9.80 ± 0.05
	2003	4.23 ± 0.43	3.55 ± 0.17	6.04 ± 0.02
P2	2002	4.35 ± 0.45	3.09 ± 0.35	10.75 ± 0.15
	2003	8.09 ± 0.70	6.26 ± 0.70	14.04 ± 0.25
P3	2002	3.90 ± 0.50	4.54 ± 0.06	10.07 ± 0.15
	2003	14.01 ± 0.50	4.53 ± 0.50	11.47 ± 0.50
P4	2002	5.48 ± 0.50	4.65 ± 0.06	13.09 ± 0.15
	2003	7.50 ± 0.80	5.70 ± 0.20	13.53 ± 0.28
Notes: Values are expressed as mg/kg fresh weight of total grape berry. Mean values are shown (n = 3) ± standard error; P1, conventional vineyard; P2, conventional vineyard; P3, organic vineyard; P4, organic vineyard. Notas: Los valores se expresan por mg/kg de peso fresco de la uva. Los valores se expresan como medias (n = 3) ± error estándar. P1, viña convencional; P2, viña convencional; P3, viña ecológica; P4, viña ecológica.

Table 4. Flavonols. Composition in conventional and organic grapes.
Tabla 4. Flavonoles. Composición de uva ecológica y convencional.

	Year	Myr-3-glc	Q-3-glc	Q-3-Rut	Kp-3-glc	Myricetin	Quercetin
P1	2002	96.40 ± 6.13	46.65 ± 2.59	143.70 ± 10.10	13.90 ± 2.95	21.50 ± 4.15	4.30 ± 0.55
	2003	54.85 ± 2.00	42.40 ± 1.55	55.58 ± 2.58	10.35 ± 0.30	8.45 ± 0.75	10.40 ± 0.20
P2	2002	38.80 ± 3.10	23.30 ± 1.80	92.35 ± 4.90	4.85 ± 1.01	10.75 ± 3.80	2.85 ± 0.15
	2003	77.75 ± 4.10	79.05 ± 4.30	82.05 ± 5.75	7.50 ± 0.10	7.85 ± 0.30	16.85 ± 1.55
P3	2002	38.30 ± 4.10	28.05 ± 5.94	93.85 ± 6.80	4.05 ± 0.75	10.60 ± 0.51	2.75 ± 0.50
	2003	84.05 ± 3.50	80.05 ± 2.35	79.05 ± 3.30	12.25 ± 0.40	12.55 ± 0.50	20.80 ± 0.70
P4	2002	51.00 ± 5.10	50.02 ± 7.80	127.65 ± 5.18	5.50 ± 0.90	19.10 ± 1.80	3.75 ± 0.45
	2003	111.25 ± 8.30	78.35 ± 8.20	84.65 ± 3.77	13.25 ± 0.40	13.50 ± 0.30	16.90 ± 0.70
Notes: Values are expressed as mg/kg fresh weight of total grape berry. Mean values are shown (n = 3) ± standard error.
P1, conventional vineyard; P2, conventional vineyard; P3, organic vineyard; P4, organic vineyard; Myr 3-glc, myricetin 3- glucoside; Q-3-glc, quercetin 3-glucoside; Q-3-rut, quercetin 3-rutinoside; Kp-3-glc, kaempferol 3-glucoside. Notas: Los valores se expresan por mg/kg de peso fresco de la uva. Los valores se expresan como medias (n = 3) ± error estándar.
P1, viña convencional; P2, viña convencional; P3, viña ecológica; P4, viña ecológica; Myr 3-glc, miricetina-3-glucósido; Q-3-glc, quercetina-3-glucósido; Q-3-Rut, quecetina-3-rutinósido; Kp-3-glc, kaempferol-3-glucósido.

Figure 2. Total phenols in conventional and organic grapes. (-□-) Total phenols in conventional grape. (-▪-) Total phenols in organic grape.

Figura 2. Compuestos fenólicos totales en uva ecológica y convencional. (-□-) Compuestos fenólicos totales en uva ecológica. (-▪-) Compuestos fenólicos totales en uva convencional.