A comparative metabolomic study of Camellia oleifera fruit under light and temperature stress

Figures & data

Figure 1. Fresh fruits of Camellia oleifera.

Figure 2. Composition of metabolites from Camellia oleifera fruits.

Figure 3. Score scatter plot for PCA model for Camellia oleifera fresh fruits.

Figure 4. Heatmap of hierarchical clustering analysis for model for Camellia oleifera fresh fruits.

Figure 5. Permutation test of the OPLS-DA model for comparing the treatment groups of Camellia oleifera fresh fruits.(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h: Permutation test of OPLS-DA model for group LT_9 vs Control, LT_16 vs Control, LT_16 vs LT_9, NLT_9 vs Control, NLT_9 vs LT_9, NLT_16 vs Control, NLT_16 vs LT_16, NLT_16 vs NLT_9.).

Figure 6. Volcano plot for comparing the treatment groups of Camellia oleifera fresh fruits.

Table 1. Differential metabolites expression in the post-ripening treatment groups of C. oleifera fresh fruits.

	Control	LT-16	NLT-9	NLT-16
LT-9	145(102↑,43↓)	138(22↑,116↓)	145(29↑,116↓)	null
LT-16	158(66↑,92↓)	null	null	84(50↑,34↓)
NLT-9	147(54↑,93↓)	null	null	160(88↑,72↓)
NLT-16	151(69↑,82↓)	84(50↑,34↓)	160(88↑,72↓)	null

Figure 7. Venn diagram indicating the differential and common metabolites in the post-ripening treatment groups of Camellia oleifera fresh fruits.

Table 2. 32 core differential metabolites in the post-ripening treatment groups of C. oleifera fresh fruits.

	Peak area
Compounds	LT-9(×10^5)	Control(×10^5)	P	FC	VIP	Type
D-Serine	1.41 ± 0.053	1.90 ± 0.076	0.01	0.71	1.60	DOWN
D-Aspartic acid	7.68 ± 0.078	1.63 ± 0.15	0.00	4.52	1.72	UP
DL-Alanine	9.28 ± 1.68	31.13 ± 4.35	0.01	0.28	1.70	DOWN
Procyanidin B1	31.50 ± 13.50	2.30 ± 0.72	0.04	12.38	1.70	DOWN
Isoquercitrin	0.75 ± 0.31	0.068 ± 0.015	0.04	10.04	1.70	UP
Chrysin	0.055 ± 0.037	0.34 ± 0.032	0.00	0.15	1.62	DOWN
Isoquercitrin	0.041 ± 0.0134	0.048 ± 0.017	0.04	10.04	1.70	UP
Epicatechin	380.4 ± 137.24	26.61 ± 14.10	0.00	12.95	1.69	UP
Orobol	0.037 ± 0.008	0.10 ± 0.011	0.00	0.34	1.70	DOWN
Afzelin	0.27 ± 0.096	2.35 ± 0.54	0.02	0.11	1.73	DOWN
7-Hydroxyflavone	0.44 ± 0.035	0.58 ± 0.052	0.01	0.73	1.61	DOWN
Phlorizin	0.08 ± 0.039	0.25 ± 0.037	0.00	0.29	1.64	DOWN
L-Serine	1.41 ± 0.053	1.90 ± 0.076	0.01	0.71	1.60	DOWN
N6-Acetyl-L-lysine	3.23 ± 0.84	7.44 ± 0.85	0.01	0.42	1.55	DOWN
Isoleucine	4.73 ± 0.17	6.85 ± 1.0	0.05	0.66	1.48	DOWN
L-Aspartic acid	7.31 ± 1.41	1.63 ± 0.15	0.04	4.31	1.70	UP
L-Norleucine	4.73 ± 0.17	6.85 ± 1.00	0.05	0.66	1.48	DOWN
2-Hydroxybutanoic acid	11.59 ± 1.93	15.30 ± 0.45	0.02	0.72	1.54	DOWN
Phosphoric acid	41.17 ± 7.44	6.50 ± 0.30	0.04	6.15	1.71	UP
5-Aminolevulinate	0.46 ± 0.11	2.09 ± 0.18	0.00	0.21	1.69	DOWN
Cinnamic acid	0.85 ± 0.54	2.02 ± 0.27	0.01	0.39	1.52	DOWN
cis-2-Methylaconitate	0.041 ± 0.012	0.068 ± 0.0057	0.02	0.57	1.52	DOWN
Diallyl disulfide	1.24 ± 0.15	3.02 ± 0.27	0.01	0.39	1.68	DOWN
(2S,5S)-trans-Carboxymethylproline	1.38 ± 0.31	2.17 ± 0.40	0.02	0.61	1.55	DOWN
Ascorbic acid	4.93 ± 0.70	8.74 ± 0.52	0.00	0.54	1.65	DOWN
Phosphorylcholine	56.83 ± 4.26	7.72 ± 1.57	0.00	6.93	1.72	UP
Beta-D-Fructose 2-phosphate	4.94 ± 0.99	0.79 ± 0.42	0.00	5.83	1.66	UP
D-Xylulose	0.92 ± 0.072	1.45 ± 0.076	0.01	0.60	1.59	DOWN
Dehydroepiandrosterone	0.47 ± 0.12	0.23 ± 0.046	0.01	1.90	1.64	UP
Adenosine 3’−monophosphate	1.32 ± 0.25	0.41 ± 0.09	0.00	3.07	1.70	UP
Cordycepin	0.056 ± 0.012	0.15 ± 0.028	0.00	0.36	1.70	DOWN
Lecanoric acid	0.78 ± 0.096	0.21 ± 0.0072	0.00	3.50	1.74	UP

Table 3. Metabolic pathway enrichment information of differential metabolites in different comparison groups.

	Pathway
LT-9 vs Control	glycine, serine and threonine metabolic, anthocyanin biosynthesis, lysine biosynthesis, monoterpenoid biosynthesis and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
LT16 vs Control	arginine and proline metabolic, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, lysine biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolic, sulfur metabolic
NLT-9 vs Control	arginine and proline metabolic, glycine, serine and threonine metabolic, phenylalanine metabolic, flavonoid biosynthesis and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
NLT-16 vs Control	aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism
LT-16 vs LT-9	valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism
NLT-16 vs NLT-9	aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism
NLT-9 vs LT-9	arginine and proline metabolism, flavor biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
NLT-16 vs LT-16	aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism

Data availability statement

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.