A phenomenological study on pregnant and young mothers’ experiences on second-chance education in Zimbabwe

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of mothering and pregnant teenagers.

No#	Participant ID	Gender	Age	Marital status	Educational Level	Employment status
1	Tapiwa	Female	47	Married	Primary	Unemployed
2	Luunga	Male	56	Married	Secondary	Unemployed
3	Gumede	Male	44	Married	Secondary	Unemployed
4	Moyo	Male	38	Single	Tertiary	Employed
5	Muyuni	Female	45	Single	No formal education	Unemployed
6	Sibanda	Female	39	Married	Primary	Unemployed
7	Chihera	Female	54	Married	Primary	Unemployed
8	MaDube	Female	47	Single	Secondary	Unemployed
9	Chirinda	Female	42	Single	Secondary	Unemployed
10	Agatha	Female	49	Married	Primary	Unemployed

Table 2. Demographic characteristics of parents/guardians.

No#	Participant ID	Gender	Age	Marital status	Educational Level	Employment status
1	Tapiwa	Female	47	Married	Primary	Unemployed
2	Luunga	Male	56	Married	Secondary	Unemployed
3	Gumede	Male	44	Married	Secondary	Unemployed
4	Moyo	Male	38	Single	Tertiary	Employed
5	Muyuni	Female	45	Single	No formal education	Unemployed
6	Sibanda	Female	39	Married	Primary	Unemployed
7	Chihera	Female	54	Married	Primary	Unemployed
8	MaDube	Female	47	Single	Secondary	Unemployed
9	Chirinda	Female	42	Single	Secondary	Unemployed
10	Agatha	Female	49	Married	Primary	Unemployed

Table 3. Proposed model for improving second-chance education policy in Zimbabwe.

Focus	Key activities	Target	Expected outcome
Socio-cultural	Strengthen linkages between schools and homes to support re-entry Engagement in sensitization programme for parents and teachers to enhance awareness of schoolgirl mothers’ re-entry rights and to eliminate negative cultural attitudes	Parents Teachers Community leaders	Elimination of socio-cultural barriers
Legal	Design multi-sectoral education protocol for pregnant and young mothers The government should impose stiffer penalties on customary practices like patriarchal gender preference and early marriages that undermine re-entry Design and implement monitoring and evaluation framework for a second-chance education programme	All government ministries	Existence of robust and multi-sectoral policy framework
Economic	Include pregnant teenage mothers in social protection programme e.g. Harmonised Cash Transfers, Basic Education Assistance Module (BEAM) Support income generation projects for families with pregnant and teenage mothers	Teenage mothers Guardians Government Ministries	Economically empowered families to fund educational costs
Political	Support for extra educational budgets for pregnant and mother teenage mothers Intensify parliamentary debates on school ren-entry programme	Constituency representatives (members of parliament/councilors)	Increased political will to support second-chance education policy
Professional	Intensify professional and academic studies on a second-chance education programme	Educationist Allied professionals	Increased psychosocial scientific evidence

Source: Developed by Authors.

Data availability statement

The transcribed data is available upon the request from corresponding author. The condition of clearance letter from Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education was that the data cannot shared on public domain unless is processed. Upon the request, the corresponding author can provide the data.