References
- Adkisson, R. V. , and M. Mohammed . 2012. “Pragmatism to Dogmatism; The Laissez Faire Myth and the Disabling of the American Fisc.” Review of Social Economy 70: 421–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/00346764.2012.690606.
- Asen, R. 2002a. “Imagining in the Public Sphere.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 35 (4): 345–367.
- Asen, R. 2002b. Visions of Poverty: Welfare Policy and Political Imagination . East Lansing : Michigan State University Press.
- Ball, M. 2012. “Obama's Brutal New ’47 Percent’ Ad.” The Atlantic , September 27. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/09/obamas-brutal-new-47-percent-ad/262946/
- Barbaro, M. 2012. “Obama Ad Focuses on Workers Who Lost Jobs When a Mill Acquired by Bain Capital Closed.” New York Times , May 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/15/us/politics/obama-ad-focuses-on-workers-who-lost-jobs-when-a-mill-acquired-by-bain-capital-closed.html?mcubz=3
- Bennett, D. 2012. “Who Are Mitt Romney's 47%?” The Atlantic , September 18. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/09/who-are-47/323536/
- Bennett, W. L. , and M. Edelman . 1985. “Toward a New Political Narrative.” Journal of Communication 35 (4): 156–171. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1985.tb02979.x.
- Bingham, A. 2012. “Mitt Romney's 47 Percent: Who Does Not Pay Income Taxes?” ABC , September 18. http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/OTUS/mitt-romneys-47-percent-pay-income-taxes/story?id=17263629
- Brooks, D. 2012. “Thurston Howell Romney.” The New York Times , September 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/brooks-thurston-howell-romney.html?ref=davidbrooks&_r=0
- Brummett, B. 1984a. “Burke's Representative Anecdote as a Method in Media Criticism.” Critical Studies in Media Communication 1 (2): 161–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295038409360027.
- Brummett, B. 1984b. “The Representative Anecdote as a Burkean Method, Applied to Evangelical Rhetoric.” Southern Speech Communication Journal 50 (1): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/10417948409372619.
- Burke, K. 1962. A Grammar of Motives & a Rhetoric of Motives . Cleveland, OH : World Publishing Company.
- Burke, K. 1984. Attitudes Toward History . 3rd ed. Berkley : University of California Press.
- Condon, S. 2012. “Conservatives Defend Romney's “47 Percent” Remark.” CBS , September 18. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/conservatives-defend-romneys-47-percent-remark/.
- Corn, D. 2012. “Secret Video: Romney Tells Millionaire Donors What He Really Thinks of Obama Voters.” Mother Jones , September 18. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/09/secret-video-romney-private-fundraiser.
- Crable, B. 2000. “Burke's Perspective on Perspectives: Grounding Dramatism in the Representative Anecdote.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 86 (3): 318–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630009384299.
- Dyck, J. J. , and L. S. Hussey . 2008. “The End of Welfare as We Know It? Durable Attitudes in a Changing Information Environment.” Public Opinion Quarterly 72 (4): 589–618. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfn053.
- Erickson, E. 2012. “Treat the Press as Enemy Collaborators.” Redstate , September 17. http://www.redstate.com/2012/09/17/treat-the-press-as-enemy-collaborators/.
- Farley, C. J. 2012. “On ‘Letterman,’ Obama Responds to Romney's ‘47%’ Remarks.” Wall Street Journal , September 18. http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2012/09/18/on-letterman-obama-responds-to-romneys-47-percent-remarks/.
- Fisher, W. R. 1984. “Narration as a Human Communication Paradigm: The Case of Public Moral Argument.” Communication Monographs 51: 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758409390180.
- Fisher, W. R. 1985. “The Narrative Paradigm: An Elaboration.” Communications Monographs 52 (4): 347–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758509376117.
- Fisher, W. R. 1989. “Clarifying the Narrative Paradigm.” Communication Monographs 56: 55–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758509376117.
- Gilens, M. 1999. Why Americans Hate Welfare . Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press.
- Gillespie, N. and M. Welch . 2012. “The New Debate in the Republican Party Needs to Be Between Conservatives and Libertarians.” Reason , April 12. https://reason.com/archives/2012/04/12/the-new-debate-in-the-republican-party-n/print.
- Gring-Pemble, L. M. 2001. “‘Are We Going to Now Govern by Anecdote?’ Rhetorical Constructions of Welfare Recipients in Congressional Hearings, Debates, and Legislation, 1992–1996.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 87 (4): 341–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630109384345.
- Gring-Pemble, L. M. 2003. Grim Fairy Tales: The Rhetorical Construction of American Welfare Policy . Westport, CT: Praeger.
- Gustaferson, K. 2011. Cheating Welfare: Public Assistance and the Criminalization of Poverty . New York : New York University Press.
- Holihan, T. A. 2009. Uncivil Wars: Political Campaigns in a Media Age . Boston, MA : Bedford/St. Martin.
- Johnson, L. 2012. “Obama Attacks Mitt Romney's ‘47%’ Comments in Presidential Debate.” Huffington Post , October 16. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/16/obama-47-percent-debate_n_1972349.html.
- Karpf, D. 2010. “Macaca Moments Reconsidered: Electoral Panopticon or Netroots Mobilization?” Journal of Information Technology & Politics 7 (2/3): 143–162. doi:10.1080/19331681003748891.
- Katz, M. 1989. The Undeserving Poor: From the War on Poverty to the War on Welfare . New York : Pantheon Books.
- King, J. 2013. “Dukakis and the Tank.” Politico , November 17. http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2013/11/dukakis-and-the-tank-099119.
- Killough, A. 2012. “Romney on “47%” Comments: I Was ‘Completely Wrong’.” CNN , October 4. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/10/04/romney-on-47-comments-i-was-completely-wrong/
- Lange, J. I. 1993. “The Logic of Competing Information Campaigns: Conflict over Old Growth and the Spotted Owl.” Communications Monographs 60 (3): 239–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759309376311.
- Levasseur, D. G. , and L. M. Gring-Pemble . 2015. “Not All Capitalist Stories Are Created Equal; Mitt Romney's Bain Capital Narrative and the Deep Divide in American Economic Rhetoric.” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 18 (1): 1–38. doi:10.14321/rhetpublaffa.18.1.0001.
- Lucaites, J. L. , and C. M. Condit . 1985. “Re-constructing Narrative Theory: A Functional Perspective.” Journal of Communication 35: 90–108. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1985.tb02975.x.
- Man, A. , M. O'Matz , and A. Reid . 2012. “Mitt Romney 47 Percent Video: Boca Raton Mogul Mark Leder at Center of Mitt Romney Video Flap.” The Sun Sentinel , September 18. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-09-18/news/fl-marc-leder-romney-supporter-20120918_1_leder-political-parties-video.
- Marston, G. 2008. “A War on the Poor: Constructing Welfare and Work in the Twenty-First Century.” Critical Discourse Studies 5 (4): 359–370. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405900802405312.
- Mehta, S. 2012. “Romney Defends ‘Off the Cuff’ Remarks on Obama Backers as Victims.” LA Times , September 17. http://articles.latimes.com/2012/sep/17/news/la-pn-mitt-romney-victims-remarks-20120917.
- Meyers, J. , and J. Bachman . 2012. “Coulter: Romney Was Right that Obama Supporters Are Dependent on Government.” Newsmax , September 18. http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/coulter-romney-election-obama/2012/09/18/id/456678/
- Mumby, D. K. 1987. “The Political Function of Narrative in Organizations.” Communications Monographs 54 (2): 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758709390221.
- Noonan, P. 2012. “Time for an Intervention.” The Wall Street Journal , September 18. http://blogs.wsj.com/peggynoonan/2012/09/18/time-for-an-intervention/
- O'Connell, F. 2012. “Mitt Romney's Comments Captured Conservative Thinking.” US News , September 18. http://www.usnews.com/debate-club/did-the-47-percent-video-sink-romneys-campaign/mitt-romneys-comments-captured-conservative-thinking
- O'Reilly, B. 2012. “Bill O'Reilly: Mitt Romney, the Truth and the Folks.” Fox News , September 20. http://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2012/09/19/bill-oreilly-mitt-romney-truth-and-folks.html
- O'Sullivan, J. 2012. “Romney's Response to ‘Gaffe:’ A Missed Opportunity.” National Review , September 18. http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/322419/romneys-response-gaffe-lost-opportunity-john-osullivan
- Robillard, K. 2012. “Poll: 47 Percent Hurt Mitt Romney.” Politico , October 2. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1012/81899.html
- Romney, M. 2012. “What I Learned at Bain Capital.” Wall Street Journal , August 24. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444270404577605140607907860
- Shear, M. D. , and S. Saulny . 2012. “As Romney Jabs at Obama, His Rivals Swing at Him.” The New York Times , January 7. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/07/us/politics/romney-criticizes-obama-his-rivals-line-up-to-criticize-him.html?_r=0
- Silver, N. 2012. “The Impact of the ’47 Percent’.” The New York Times , September 20. http://fivethiryeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/20/sept-27-the-impact-of-the-47-percent
- Silverstein, M. 2011. “Presidential Ethno-Blooperology: Performance Misfires in the Business of “Message”-ing.” Anthropological Quarterly 84 (1): 165. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41237485.
- Smith, L. D. 1989. “A Narrative Analysis of the Party Platforms: The Democrats and Republicans of 1984.” Communication Quarterly 37: 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463378909385530.
- Stevenson, R. W. 2012. “Political Memo: His Attack Plan Set, Obama Seeks Positives.” The New York Times , April 14. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E5DD1131F937A25757C0A9649D8B63
- Walsh, M. 2012. “Mitt's Gettysburg Moment.” National Review , September 18. http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/322409/mitts-gettysburg-moment-michael-walsh#
- Walters, W. 1999. Unemployment and Government: Genealogies of the Social . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
- Zelenak, L. A. 2014. “Mitt Romney, the 47% Percent, and the Future of the Mass Income Tax.” Tax Law Review 67: 471–500.
- Zinn, H. 2014. A People's History of the United States . Hampshire: Pan Macmillan.