Late Holocene earthquakes on the Papatea Fault and its role in past earthquake cycles, Marlborough, New Zealand

References

• Ando R, Kaneko Y. 2018. Dynamic rupture simulation reproduces spontaneous multifault rupture and arrest during the 2016 Mw 7.9 Kaikoura earthquake. Geophysical Research Letters. 45:12875–12883. doi:10.1029/2018GL080550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barka A, Akyüz HS, Sunal G, Çakir Z, Dikbaş A, Yerli B, Altunel E, Armijo R, Meyer B, Chebalier JB, et al. 2002. The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 17 1999 Izmit earthquake, (M 7.4), North Anatolian Fault. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 92:43–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrell DJA. 2015. General distribution and characteristics of active faults and folds in the Kaikoura District, North Canterbury. Dunedin, NZ: GNS Science. 69 p. GNS Science consultancy report 2014/210.
   Google Scholar
• Berryman KR, Cochran UA, Clark KJ, Biasi GP, Langridge RM, Villamor P. 2012. Major earthquakes occur regularly on an isolated plate boundary fault. Science. 336:1690–1993. doi:10.1126/science.1218959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan BJ, Lyons RG, Phillips SW. 1991. Attenuation of alpha particle track dose for spherical grains. International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation Part D Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements. 18(1):249–253. doi:10.1016/1359-0189(91)90119-3.
   Google Scholar
• Bronk Ramsey C. 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon. 51:337–360. doi:10.1017/S0033822200033865.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronk Ramsey C. 2021. Oxcal 4.4.4. https://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk.
   Google Scholar
• Clark K, Nissen E, Howarth J, Hamling I, Mountjoy J, Ries W, Jones K, Goldstein S, Cochran U, Villamor P, et al. 2017. Highly variable coastal deformation in the 2016 MW 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake reflects rupture complexity along a transpressional plate boundary. Earth Planetary Science Letters. 474:334–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diederichs A, Nissen E, Lajoie LJ, Langridge RM, Malireddi SR, Clark KJ, Hamling IJ, Tagliasacchi A. 2019. Unusual kinematics of the Papatea Fault (2016 Kaikōura earthquake) suggest anelastic rupture. Science Advances. 5:eaax5703. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax5703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy B. 2020. A geometric model to estimate slip rates from terrace rotation above an offshore, listric thrust fault, Kaikōura, New Zealand. Tectonophysics. 786. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durcan JA, King GE, Duller GAT. 2015. DRAC: dose rate and age calculator for trapped charge dating. Quaternary Geochronology. 28:54–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eusden JD, Upton P, Eichelberger N, Pettinga JR. 2012. The Dillon and Acheron sinistral faults, Marlborough fault system, New Zealand: field studies and mechanical modelling. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 55:91–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field EH, Arrowsmith RJ, Biasi GP, Bird P, Dawson TE, Felzer KR, Jackson DD, Johnson KM, Jordan TH, Madden C, et al. 2014. Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 3 (UCERF3) – the time-independent model. Bulletin of the Seimological Society of America. 104(3):1122–1180. doi:10.1785/0120130164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goded T, Gerstenberger MC, Litchfield NJ, McVerry GH, Lukovic B, Van Dissen RJ, Rhoades DA, Holden C, Langridge RM, Christophersen A, et al. 2018. Seismic Hazard Analysis for State Highway 1 and an alternative route following the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake (revised). GNS Science consultancy report 2018/114, 83 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Grapes R, Downes G. 1997. The 1855 Wairarapa, New Zealand, earthquake – analysis of historical data. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering. 30(4):271–368.
   Google Scholar
• Grapes RH, Holdgate GR. 2014. Earthquake clustering and possible fault interactions across Cook Strait, New Zealand, during the 1848 and 1855 earthquakes. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 57(3). doi:10.1080/00288306.2014.907579.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerin G, Mercier N, Nathan R, Adamiec C, Lefrais Y. 2012. On the use of the infinite matrix assumption and associated concepts: a critical review. Radiat. Meas. 47:778–785.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddon EK, Amos CB, Zielke O, Jayko AS, Bürgmann R. 2016. Surface slip during large Owens Valley earthquakes. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 17:2239–2269. doi:10.1002/2015GC006033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haeussler PJ, Schwartz DP, Dawson TE, Stenner HD, Lienkaemper JJ, Sherrod B, Cinti FR, Montone P, Craw PA. 2004. Surface rupture of the 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska, earthquake and comparison with other strike-slip ruptures. Earthquake Spectra. 20(3):565–578.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamling IJ. 2019. A review of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake insights from the first 3 years. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 50:226–244. doi:10.1080/03036758.2019.1701048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamling IJ, Hreinsdóttir S, Clark K, Elliott J, Liang C, Fielding E, Litchfield N, Villamor P, Wallace L, Wright TJ, et al. 2017. Complex multi-fault rupture during the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake, New Zealand. Science. doi:10.1126/science.aam7194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatem AE, Zinke JF, Van Dissen RW, McGuire CM, Rhodes EJ. 2019. A 2000 yr paleoearthquake record along the Conway segment of the Hope Fault: implications for patterns of earthquake occurrence in northern South Island and southern North Island, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 109(6):2216–2239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewitt AE. 2010. New Zealand soil classification. Lincoln, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hogg AG, Heaton TJ, Hua Q, Palmer JG, Turney CSM, Southon J, Bayliss A, Blackwell PG, Boswijk G, Bronk Ramsey C, et al. 2020. SHCal20 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0-55,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon. 62. doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holden C, Kaneko Y, D’Anastasio E, Benites R, Fry B, Hamling IJ. 2017. The 2016 M7.8 Kaikōura earthquake revealed by kinematic source inversion and seismic wavefield simulations: slow rupture propagation on a geometrically complex crustal fault network. Geophysical Research Letters. 22:11320–11328. doi:10.1002/2017GL075301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hornblow S, Quigley M, Nicol A, Van Dissen R, Wang N. 2014. Paleoseismology of the 2010 Mw 7.1 Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake source, Greendale Fault, New Zealand. Tectonophysics. 637:178–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howarth JD, Fitzsimons SJ, Jacobsen GE, Vandergoes MJ, Norris RJ. 2013. Identifying a reliable target fraction for radiocarbon dating sedimentary records from lakes. Quaternary Geochronology. 17:68–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell A, Clark KJ. 2022. Late Holocene coseismic uplift of the Kaikōura coast, New Zealand. Geosphere. 18. doi:10.1130/GES02479.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell A, Nissen E, Stahl T, Clark K, Kearse J, Van Dissen R, Villamor P, Langridge R, Jones K. 2020. Three-dimensional surface displacements during the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake (New Zealand) from photogrammetry-derived point clouds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 125. doi:10.1029/2019JB018739.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huntley DJ, Baril MR. 1997. The K content of the K-feldspars being measured in optical dating or in thermoluminescence dating. Ancient TL. 15:11–13.
   Google Scholar
• Ishimura D, Tsutsumi H, Toda S, Fukushima Y, Kumahara Y, Takahashi N, Ichihara T, Takada K. 2021. Repeated triggered ruptures on a distributed secondary fault system: an example from the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, southwest Japan. Earth, Planets and Space. 73. doi:10.1186/s40623-021-01371-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser A, Balfour N, Fry B, Holden C, Litchfield N, Gerstenberger M, D’Anastasio E, Horspool N, McVerry G, Ristau J, et al. 2017. The Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake: preliminary seismological report. Seismological Research Letters. 88(3). doi:10.1785/0220170018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearse J, Little TA, Van Dissen RJ, Barnes P, Langridge R, Mountjoy J, Ries W, Villamor P, Clark K, Benson A, et al. 2018. Onshore to offshore ground-surface and seabed rupture of the Jordan-Kekerengu-needles fault network during the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108:1573–1595. doi:10.1785/0120170304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khajavi N, Langridge RM, Quigley MC, Smart C, Rezanejad A, Martín-González F. 2016. Late Holocene rupture overlap and earthquake clustering on the Hope Fault, New Zealand. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 128(11-12):1736–1761. doi:10.1130/B31199.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinger Y, Okubo K, Vallage A, Champenois J, Delorme A, Rougier E, Lei Z, Knight EE, Munjiza A, Satriano C, et al. 2018. Earthquake damage patterns resolve complex rupture processes. Geophysical Research Letters. 45:10279–10287. doi:10.1029/2018GL078842.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langridge R, Ries W, Rowland J, Villamor P, Kearse J, Little T, Nissen E, Madugo C, Litchfield N, Gasston C, et al. 2017. The role of surface-rupturing faults in the Waiautoa microblock, Clarence valley, New Zealand, during the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Proceeding of the 8th International INQUA Meeting on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and Archeoseismology: Handbook and Programme (Clark KJ, Upton P, Langridge R, Kelly K, Hammond K. GNS Science Miscellaneous Series; 110), Lower Hutt, New Zealand: GNS Science. 445 pp., 216–219. doi:10.21420/G2H061.
   Google Scholar
• Langridge RM, Ries WF, Litchfield NJ, Villamor P, Van Dissen RJ, Barrell DJA, Rattenbury MS, Heron DW, Haubrook S, Townsend DB, et al. 2016. The New Zealand active faults database. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 59:86–96. doi:10.1080/00288306.2015.1112818.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langridge RM, Rowland J, Villamor P, Mountjoy J, Townsend DB, Nissen E, Madugo C, Ries WF, Gasston C, Canva A, et al. 2018. Coseismic rupture and preliminary slip estimates for the Papatea Fault and Its role in the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108:1596–1622. doi:10.1785/0120170336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lienkaemper JJ, Bronk Ramsey C. 2009. Oxcal: versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: a primer. Seismological Research Letters. 80:431–434. doi:10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lienkaemper JJ, Williams PL, Guilderson TP. 2010. Evidence for a twelfth large earthquake on the southern Hayward fault in the past 1900 years. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 100(5A):2024–2034. doi:10.1785/0120090129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liritzis I, Stamoulis K, Papachristodoulou C, Ioannides K. 2013. A re-evaluation of radiation dose- rate conversion factors. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry. 13:1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litchfield NJ, Van Dissen RJ, Sutherland R, Barnes PM, Cox SC, Norris R, Beavan RJ, Langridge RM, Villamor P, Berryman KR, et al. 2014. A model of active faulting in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 57(1):32–56. doi:10.1080/00288306.2013.854256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litchfield NJ, Villamor P, Van Dissen RJ, Nicol A, Barnes PM, Barrell DJA, Pettinga J, Langridge RM, Little TA, Mountjoy J, et al. 2018. Surface rupture of multiple crustal faults in the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108(3B):1496–1520. doi:10.1785/0120170300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little TA, Van Dissen R, Kearse J, Norton K, Benson A, Wang N. 2018. Kekerengu fault, New Zealand: timing and size of late Holocene surface ruptures. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108(3B):1556–1572. doi:10.1785/0120170152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massey C, Townsend D, Rathje E, Allstadt K, Kaneko Y, Lukovic B, Bradley B, Wartman J, Horspool N, Hamling I, et al. 2018. Landslides triggered by the MW 7.8 14 November 2016 Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108(3B):1630–1648. doi:10.1785/0120170305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGlone M. 1983. Polynesian deforestation of New Zealand: a preliminary synthesis. Archaeology in Oceania. 18:11–25.
   Google Scholar
• McWethy DB, Whitlock C, Wilmshurst JM, McGlone MS, Li X. 2009. Rapid deforestation of South Island, New Zealand, by early Polynesian fires. The Holocene. 19(6):883–897. doi:10.1177/0959683609336563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milliner CWD, Dolan JF, Hollingsworth J, Leprince S, Ayoub F, Sammis CG. 2015. Quantifying near-field and off-fault deformation patterns of the 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers earthquake. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 16(5):1577–1598.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris P, Little T, Van Dissen R, Hemphill-Haley M, Kearse J, Vermeer J, Norton K. 2023. A revised paleoseismological record of Late Holocene ruptures on the Kekerengu fault following the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 66(2):342–363. doi:10.1080/00288306.2022.2059766.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mouslopoulou V, Saltogianni V, Nicol A, Oncken O, Begg J, Babeyko A, Cesca S, Moreno M. 2019. Breaking a subduction-termination from top-to-bottom: the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 506:221–230. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.10.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mowat A. 1855. Mowat family papers 1855-56. MS-Papers-126. Wellington: Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Nicol A, Begg J, Saltogianni V, Mouslopoulou V, Oncken O, Howell A. 2022. Uplift and fault slip during the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake and late quaternary, Kaikōura Peninsula, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 65(this volume). doi:10.1080/00288306.2021.2021955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicol A, Khajavi N, Pettinga JR, Fenton C, Stahl T, Bannister S, Pedley K, Hyland-Brook N, Bushell T, Hamling I, et al. 2018. Preliminary geometry, displacement, and kinematics of fault ruptures in the epicentral region of the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108(3B):1521–1539. doi:10.1785/0120170329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicol A, Robinson R, Van Dissen RJ, Harvison A. 2016a. Variability of recurrence interval and single-event slip for surface-rupturing earthquakes in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 59:97–116. doi:10.1080/00288306.2015.1127822.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicol A, Van Dissen RJ, Stirling MW, Gerstenberger MC. 2016b. Completeness of the paleoseismic active-fault record in New Zealand. Seismological Research Letters. 87:1299–1310. doi:10.1785/0220160088.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ori GG, Friend P. 1994. Sedimentary basins formed and carried piggy-back on active thrust sheets. Geology. 12(4):475–478. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<475:sbfacp>2.0.co;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oskin ME, Arrowsmith JR, Hinojosa Corona A, Elliott AJ, Fletcher JM, Fielding EJ, Gold PO, Gonzalez Garcia JJ, Hudnut KW, Liu-Zeng J, Teran OJ. 2012. Near-field deformation from the El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake revealed by differential LIDAR. Science. 335:702–705. doi:10.1126/science.1213778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ota Y, Brown LJ, Berryman KR, Fujimori T, Miyauchi T. 1995. Vertical tectonic movement in northeastern Marlborough: stratigraphic, radiocarbon, and paleoecological data from Holocene estuaries. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 38:269–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry GLW, Wilmshurst JM, McGlone MS. 2014. Ecology and long-term history of fire in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology. 38(2):157–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pondard N, Barnes P. 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Prescott JR, Hutton JT. 1994. Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: large depths and long-term time variations. Radiation Measurements. 23:497–500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigley M, Van Dissen R, Villamor P, Litchfield N, Barrell D, Furlong K, Stahl T, Duffy B, Bilderback E, Noble D, et al. 2010. Surface rupture of the Greendale fault during the Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake, New Zealand: preliminary findings. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering. 43:236–242.
   Google Scholar
• Rattenbury MS, Townsend DB, Johnston MR. 2006. Geology of the Kaikoura area. Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences 1:250 000 geological map 13. 1 sheet + 70 p. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: GNS Science.
   Google Scholar
• Rizza M, Ritz J-F, Braucher R, Vassallo R, Prentice CS, Mahan S, McGill S, Chauvet A, Marco S, Todbileg M, et al. 2011. Slip rate and slip magnitudes of past earthquakes on the Bogd left-lateral strike fault (Mongolia). Geophysical Journal International. 186:897–927.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizza M, Ritz J-F, Prentice CS, Vassallo R, Braucher R, Larroque C, Arzhannikova A, Arzhanikov S, Mahan S, Massault M, et al. 2015. Earthquake geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 105:72–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rockwell T, Ragona D, Seitz G, Langridge R, Aksoy ME, Uçarkus G, Ferry M, Meltzner AJ, Klinger Y, Meghraoui M, et al. 2009. Paleoseismology of the North Anatolian fault near the Marmara Sea: implications for fault segmentation and seismic hazard. In: Reicheter K, Michetti AM, Silva PG, editors. Palaeoseismology: historical and prehistorical records of earthquake ground effects for seismic hazard assessment. London: The Geological Society; p. 31–54. Special Publications 316. doi: 10.1144/SP316.3.
   Google Scholar
• Rockwell TK, Lindvall SC, Herzberg M, Murbach D, Dawson T. 2000. Paleoseismology of the Johnson Valley, Kickapoo, and homestead valley faults: clustering of earthquakes in the eastern California shear zone. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 90(5):1200–1236. doi:10.1785/0119990023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz DP, Haeussler PJ, Seitz GG, Dawson TE. 2012. Why the 2002 Denali Fault rupture propagated onto the Totschunda Fault: implications for fault branching and seismic hazards. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 117. doi:10.1029/2011JB008918.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz DP, Lienkamper JJ, Hecker S, Kelson KI, Fumal TE, Baldwin JN, Seitz GG, Niemi TM. 2014. The earthquake cycle in the San Francisco Bay region: A.D. 1600-2012. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 104:1299–1328. doi:10.1785/0120120322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirahama Y, Miyashita Y, Kametaka M, Suzuki Y, Miyairi Y, Yokohama Y. 2021. Detailed paleoseismic history of the Hinagu fault zone revealed by the high-density radiocarbon dating and trenching survey across a surface rupture of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, Kyushu, Japan. Island Arc. 30(1). doi:10.1111/iar.12376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soil Survey Staff. 2014. Keys to soil taxonomy. Washington, DC: USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service.
   Google Scholar
• Stirling MW, McVerry G, Gerstenberger M, Litchfield N, Van Dissen R, Berryman K, Barnes P, Wallace L, Bradley B, Villamor P, et al. 2012. National seismic hazard model for New Zealand: 2010 update. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 102:1514–1542. doi:10.1785/0120110170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Streig AR, Dawson TE, Weldon IIRJ. 2014. Paleoseismic evidence of the 1890 and 1838 earthquakes on the Santa Cruz mountains section of the San Andreas fault, near Corralitos, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 104:285–300. doi:10.1785/0120130009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trolove FW. 1855. Diary of F.W. trolove 1855–1857. MS-2161. Wellington: Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Ulrich T, Gabriel A-A, Ampuero J-P, Xu W. 2019. Dynamic viability of the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake cascade on weak crustal faults. Nature Communications. 10:1213. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09125-w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dissen R, Yeats RS. 1991. Hope fault, Jordan thrust and uplift of the seaward Kaikoura Range, New Zealand. Geology. 9:393–396.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dissen RJ, Stahl T, King A, Pettinga JR, Fenton C, Little TA, Litchfield NJ, Stirling MW, Langridge RM, Nicol A, et al. 2019. Impacts of surface fault rupture on residential structures during the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake, New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering. 52:1–22. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.52.1.1-22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace LM, Barnes P, Beavan J, Van Dissen R, Litchfield N, Mountjoy J, Langridge R, Lamarche G, Pondard N. 2012. The kinematics of a transition from subduction to strike-slip: an example from the central New Zealand plate boundary. J. Geophys. Res. 117:B02405. doi:10.1029/2011JB008640.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace LM, Beavan JR, McCaffrey R, Berryman KR, Denys P. 2007. Balancing the plate motion budget in the South Island, New Zealand using GPS, geological and seismological data. Geophys. J. Intern. 168:332–352. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03183.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zachariasen J, Berryman K, Langridge R, Prentice C, Rymer M, Stirling M, Villamor P. 2006. Timing of late Holocene surface rupture on the Wairau Fault, Marlborough, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 49:159–174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar