Publication Cover
Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 51, 2021 - Issue 6
123
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Animal Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism

Disposition and metabolism of ethylene glycol 2-ethylhexyl ether in Sprague Dawley rats, B6C3F1/N mice, and in vitro in rat hepatocytes

, , , , , & show all
Pages 689-702 | Received 08 Jan 2021, Accepted 28 Feb 2021, Published online: 26 Mar 2021

References

  • Ballantyne, B., Jensen, C.B., and Weaver, E.V., 2003. Percutaneous toxicokinetic and repeated cutaneous contact studies with ethylene glycol monohexyl ether. Journal of applied toxicology : JAT, 23 (5), 301–314.
  • Bartnik, F.G., et al., 1987. Percutaneous absorption, metabolism, and hemolytic activity of n-butoxyethanol. Fundamental and applied toxicology : official Journal of the Society of Toxicology, 8 (1), 59–70.
  • Brown, R.P., et al., 1997. Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. Toxicology and industrial health, 13 (4), 407–484.
  • Chapin, R.E., et al., 1985. Effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) on mating performance and epididymal sperm parameters in F344 rats. Fundamental and applied toxicology : official Journal of the Society of Toxicology, 5 (1), 182–189.
  • Cheever, K.L., et al., 1984. Metabolism and excretion of 2-ethoxyethanol in the adult male rat. Environmental health perspectives, 57, 241–248.
  • Eastman Kodak, 1992. Initial submission: Letter from Eastman Kodak Co to USEPA regarding toxicity studies of nine glycol ethers with attachments and cover letter dated 09-28-1992. TSCATS.
  • Exon, J.H., et al., 1991. Effects of subchronic exposure of rats to 2-methoxyethanol or 2-butoxyethanol: thymic atrophy and immunotoxicity. Toxicological sciences, 16 (4), 830–840.
  • Foster, P.M.D., et al., 1984. Testicular toxicity produced by ethylene glycol monomethyl and monoethyl ethers in the rat. Environmental health perspectives, 57, 207–217.
  • Foster, P.M.D., Lloyd, S.C., and Blackburn, D.M., 1987. Comparison of the in vivo and in vitro testicular effects produced by methoxy-, ethoxy- and N-butoxy acetic acids in the rat. Toxicology, 43 (1), 17–30.
  • Ghanayem, B.I., Burka, L.T., and Matthews, H.B., 1987a. Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 242 (1), 222–231.
  • Ghanayem, B.I., et al., 1987b. Metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) in rats. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 15 (4), 478–484.
  • Ghanayem, B.I., et al., 2000. Comparison of the acute hematotoxicity of 2-butoxyethanol in male and female F344 rats. Human & experimental toxicology, 19 (3), 185–192.
  • Hanley, T.R., et al., 1984. Comparison of the teratogenic potential of inhaled ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in rats, mice, and rabbits. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 75 (3), 409–422.
  • Hardin, B.D., et al., 1982. Teratogenicity of 2-ethoxyethanol by dermal application. Drug and chemical toxicology, 5 (3), 277–294.
  • Hong, H.L., Silver, M., and Boorman, G.A., 1988. Demonstration of residual bone marrow effect in mice exposed to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Toxicology, 50 (1), 107–115.
  • Horton, V.L., et al., 1985. Developmental phase-specific and dose-related teratogenic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in CD-1 mice. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 80 (1), 108–118.
  • Lockley, D.J., Howes, D., and Williams, F.M., 2005. Cutaneous metabolism of glycol ethers. Archives of toxicology, 79 (3), 160–168.
  • Lockley, D.J., Howes, D., and Williams, F.M., 2002. Percutaneous penetration and metabolism of 2-ethoxyethanol. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 180, 74–82.
  • Medinsky, M.A., et al., 1990. Disposition of three glycol ethers administered in drinking water to male F344 N rats. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 102 (3), 443–455.
  • Miller, R.R., et al., 1983. Comparative metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether in male rats. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 67 (2), 229–237.
  • Mutlu, E., et al., 2020. Metabolism and disposition of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, a sunscreen ingredient, in Harlan Sprague Dawley rats and B6C3F1/N mice; a species and route comparison. Xenobiotica, 50 (6), 689–616.
  • Nagano, K., et al., 1981. Embryotoxic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in mice. Toxicology, 20 (4), 335–343.
  • Nelson, B.K., et al., 1984. Comparative inhalation teratogenicity of four glycol ether solvents and an amino derivative in rats. Environmental health perspectives, 57, 261–271.
  • NRC, 2011. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. 8th ed. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
  • NTP, 2008. Chemical information profile for ethylene glycol 2-ethylhexyl ether (CAS No. 1559-35-9). Research Tiangle Park, NC: NTP.
  • NTP, 1993. NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of ethylene glycol ethers 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol (CAS Nos. 109-86-4, 110-80-4, 111-76-2) administered in drinking water to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice.
  • Sabourin, P.J., et al., 1992. Effect of dose on the disposition of methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, and butoxyethanol administered dermally to male F344/N rats. Toxicological sciences, 19 (1), 124–132.
  • Smialowicz, R.J., et al., 1991. Immunotoxicity of 2-methoxyethanol following oral administration in Fischer 344 rats. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 109 (3), 494–506.
  • Sohlenius-Sternbeck, A.K., 2006. Determination of the hepatocellularity number for human, dog, rabbit, rat and mouse livers from protein concentration measurements. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 20 (8), 1582–1586.
  • Waidyanatha, S., et al., 2020a. Disposition and metabolism of sulfolane in Harlan Sprague Dawley rats and B6C3F1/N mice and in vitro in hepatocytes from rats, mice, and humans. Xenobiotica, 50 (4), 442–453.
  • Waidyanatha, S., et al., 2020b. Disposition and metabolism of 2,2′-dimorpholinodiethyl ether in Sprague Dawley Rats and B6C3F1/N mice after oral. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 50 (11), 1341–1351.
  • Wetmore, B.A., et al., 2012. Integration of dosimetry, exposure, and high-throughput screening data in chemical toxicity assessment. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 125 (1), 157–174.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.