Motives underlying smoking in college students with ADHD

References

• Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Chen L, Jones J. Further evidence of an association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cigarette smoking: findings from a high-risk sample of siblings. Am J Addict 1997;6:205–217. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1997.tb00399.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riggs PD, Mikulich SK, Whitmore EA, Crowley TJ. Relationship of ADHD, depression, and non-tobacco substance use disorders to nicotine dependence in substance-dependent delinquents. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999;54:195–205. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(98)00155-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez D, Tercyak KP, Audrain-McGovern J. Effects of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms on development of nicotine dependence from mid adolescence to young adulthood. J Pediatr Psychol 2008;33:563–575. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tercyak KP, Audrain-McGovern J. Personality differences associated with smoking experimentation among adolescents with and without comorbid symptoms of ADHD. Subst Use Misuse 2003;38:1953–1970. doi:10.1081/JA-120025121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flory K, Milich R, Lynam DR, Leukefeld C, Clayton R. Relation between childhood disruptive behavior disorders and substance use and dependence symptoms in young adulthood: individuals with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder are uniquely at risk. Psychol Addictive Behav 2003;17:151–158. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.17.2.151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kollins SH, McClernon FJ, Fuemmeler BF. Association between smoking and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a population-based sample of young adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62:1142–1147. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glutting JJ, Youngstrom EA, Watkins MW. ADHD and college students: exploratory and confirmatory factor structures with student and parent data. Psychological Assess 2005;17:44–55. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.17.1.44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasé SL, Gilbert AN, Anastopoulos AD, Costello EJ, Hoyle RH, Swartzwelder HS, Rabiner DL. Self-reported ADHD and adjustment in college: Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. J Atten Disord 2009;13:297–309. doi:10.1177/1087054709334446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overbey GA, Snell WE, Callis KE. Subclinical ADHD, stress, and coping in romantic relationships of university students. J Atten Disord 2011;15:67–78. doi:10.1177/1087054709347257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabiner DL, Anastopoulos AD, Costello J, Hoyle RH, Swartzwelder HS. Adjustment to college in students with ADHD. J Atten Disord 2008;11:689–699. doi:10.1177/1087054707305106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnett JJ. The developmental context of substance use in emerging adulthood. J Drug Issues 2006;35:235–254. doi:10.1177/002204260503500202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendler K, Schmitt E, Aggen SH, Prescott CA. Genetic and environmental influences on alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, and nicotine use from early adolescence to middle adulthood. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008;65:674–682. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.6.674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Results from the 2007 national survey on drug use and health: national findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-34, DHHS Publication No. SMA 08-4343). Rockville, MD, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Patterson F, Lerman C, Kaufmann VG, Neuner GA, Audrain-McGovern J. Cigarette smoking practices among American college students: review and future directions. J Am Coll Health 2004;52:203–212. doi: 10.3200/JACH.52.5.203-212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigotti NA, Lee JL, Wechsler H. U.S. college student’s use of tobacco products: results of a national survey. J Am Medical Assoc 2000;284:699–705. doi:10.1001/jama.284.6.699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarrett T, Pignataro RM. Cigarette smoking among college students with disabilities: National College Health Assessment II, Fall 2008-Spring 2009. Health J 2013;6:204–212.
   Google Scholar
• Glass K, Flory K. Are symptoms of ADHD related to substance use among college students? Psychol Addictive Behav 2012;26:124–132. doi: 10.1037/a0024215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rooney M, Chronis-Tuscano A, Yoon Y. Substance use in college students with ADHD. J Atten Disord (2012;16:221–234. doi:10.1177/1087054710392536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinn WM, Aycicegi A, Harris CL. Cigarette smoking in a student sample: neurocognitive and clinical correlates. Addict Behav 2004;29:107. doi:10.1016/j.addveh.2003.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehricke JG, Loughlin SE, Whalen CK, Potkin SG, Fallon JH, Jamner LD, Belluzzi JD, et al. Smoking to self-medicate attentional and emotional dysfunctions. Nicotine Tob Res. 2007;9:S523–S536. doi: 10.1080/14622200701685039
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gehricke JG, Whalen CK, Jamner LD, Wigal TL, Steinhoff K. The reinforcing effects of nicotine and stimulant medication in the everyday lives of adult smokers with ADHD: a preliminary examination. Nicotine Tob Res 2006;8:37–47. doi: 10.1080/14622200500431619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Voorhees E, McClernon FJ, Fuemmeler B, English J, Holdaway A, Hallyburton M, Dew R, Kollins S. An examination of differences in variables maintaining smoking behavior in adult smokers with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Addict Res Theory 2012;20:72–81. doi:10.3109/16066359.2011.564692
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass K, Flory K. Why does ADHD confer risk for cigarette smoking? A review of psychosocial mechanisms. Clin Child Family Psychol Rev 2010;13:291–313. doi 10.1007/s10567-010-0070-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ennett ST, Bauman KE. Adolescent social networks school, demographic, and longitudinal considerations. J Adolesc Res. 1996;11:194–215. doi:10.1177/0743554896112003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flay BR, Hu FB, Siddiqui O, Day LE, Hedeker D, Petraitis J, Richardson J, et al. Differential influence of parental smoking and friends’ smoking on adolescent initiation and escalation and smoking. J Health Social Behav 248–265. doi: 10.2307/2137279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang MQ, Fitzhugh EC, Westerfield RC, Eddy JM. Family and peer influences on smoking behavior among American adolescents: an age trend. J Adolesc Health 1995;16:200–203. doi:10.1016/1054-139X(94)00097-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke JD, Loeber R, White HR, Stouthamer-Loeber M, Pardini DA. Inattention as a key predictor of tobacco use in adolescence. J Abnormal Psychol 2007;116:249–259. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.2.249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshal MP, Molina BSG, Pelham WE. Childhood ADHD and adolescent substance use: an examination of deviant peer group affiliation as a risk factor. Psychol Addict Behav 2003;17:293–305. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.112.3.497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilens TE, Vitulano M, Upadhyaya H, Adamson J, Sawtelle R, Utzinger L, Biederman J. Cigarette smoking associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Pediatr 2008;153:414–419. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.04.030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moran S, Wechsler H, Rigotti NA. Social smoking among US college students. Pediatrics 2004;114:1028–1034. doi: 10.1542/peds.2003-0558-L
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piasecki TM, Richardson AE, Smith SM. Self-monitored motives for smoking among college students. Psychol Addict Behav 2007;21:328. doi: 10.1037/0893-164x.21.3.328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters K, Harris K, Hall S, Nazir N, Waigandt A. Characteristics of social smoking among college students. J Am College Health 2006;55:133–139. doi:10.3200/JACH.55.3.133-139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piasecki TM, Piper ME, Baker TB, Hunt-Carter EE. WISDM primary and secondary dependence motives: associations with self-monitored motives for smoking in two college samples. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011;114:207–216. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piper ME, Piasecki TM, Federman EB, Bolt DM, Smith SS, Fiore MC, Baker TB. A multiple motives approach to tobacco dependence: The Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68). J Consult Clin Psychol 2004;72:139–154. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.72.2.139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikami AY, Huang-Pollock CL, Pfiffner LJ, McBurnett K, Hangai D. Social skills differences among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder types in a chat room assessment task. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2007;35:509–521. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9108-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley RA, Murphy K. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical workbook. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Barkley RA, Murphy KR, Bush T. Time perception and reproduction in young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychology 2001;15:351–360. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.15.3.351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley RA., Murphy K, Fischer M. ADHD in adults: what the science says. New York: Guilford Press, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• DuPaul GJ, Volpe R. ADHD and learning disabilities: research findings and clinical implications. Curr Atten Disord Rep 2009;1:152–155. doi: 10.1007/s12618-009-0021-4
   Google Scholar
• Frazier TW, Youngstrom EA, Glutting JJ, Watkins MW. ADHD and achievement: meta-analysis of the child, adolescent, and adult literatures and a concomitant study with college students. J Learning Disabil 2007;40:49–65. doi:10.1177/00222194070400010401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Text Revision. Washington, DC: Author, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Molina BSG, Pelham WE. Childhood predictors of adolescent substance use in a longitudinal study of children with ADHD. J Abnorm Psychol 2003;112:497–507. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.112.3.497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jessor R, Donovan JE, Costa FM. Health behavior questionnaire. Boulder: Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, 1989. Retrieved from: http://www.colorado.edu/ibs/jessor/questionnaires/questionnaire__guide_spsd2.pdf
   Google Scholar
• National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA). (1992). OMB No. 0930-0110. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, and Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration. National Institute on Drug Abuse.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston LD, O’Malley PM Bachman JG. (2001) Monitoring the future national survey results on drug use 1975– 2000, Vol. I: Secondary school students. NIH publication no. 01–4924. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved from: http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2011.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Molina BSG, Smith B, Pelham WE Jr. (1999). Interactive effects of ADHD and CD on early adolescent substance use. Psychol Addict Behav 13: 348–358. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.13.4.348
   Google Scholar
• Shenassa ED, Graham AL, Burdzovic JA, Buka SL. Psychometric properties of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68): a replication and extension. Nicotine Tob Res 2009;11:1002–1010. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arbuckle JL. Amos (Version 20.0) [Computer Program]. Chicago: SPSS, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Enders CK, Bandalos DL. The relative performance of full information maximum likelihood estimation for missing data in structural equation models. Struct Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 2001;8:430–457. doi:10.1207/S15328007SEM0803_5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raudenbush SW, Bryk AS. Hierarchical linear models: applications and data analysis methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Kessler RC, Adler L, Barkley R, Biederman J, Conners CK, Demler O, Faraone SV, et al. The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: Research from the national comorbidity survey replication. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:716–723. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.4.716.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonuga-Barke EJS, Taylor E, Sembi S, Smith J. Hyperactivity and delay aversion—I. The effect of delay on choice. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006;33:387–398. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00874.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll SL, Lee RH, Kaur H, Harris KJ, Strother ML, Huang TTK. Smoking, weight loss intention, and obesity-promoting behaviors in college students. J Am Coll Nutr 2006;25:348–353. Retrieved from: http://www.jacn.org/content/25/4/348.full.pdf+html
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nademin ME, Napolitano MA, Xanthopoulos MS, Fava JL, Richardson E, Marcus B. Smoking cessation in college-aged women: a qualitative analysis of factors important to this population. Addict Theory Res 2010;18:649–666. doi:10.3109/16066351003660601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saules KK, Pomerleau CS, Snedecor SM, Mehringer AM, Shadle MB, Kurth C, Krahn DD. Relationship of onset of cigarette smoking during college to alcohol use, diet concerns, and depressed mood: results from the Young Women’s Health Survey. Addict Behav 2004;29:893–899. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoy TP, Ip EH, Blocker JN, Champion H, Rhodes SD, Wagoner KG, Mitra A, et al. Attrition bias in a US internet survey of alcohol use among college freshmen. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2009;70:606–614. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696301/#__ffn_sectitle
   Google Scholar
• Barkley RA. (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kooij JJS, Boonstra AM, Swinkels SHN, Bekker EM, de Noord I, Buitelaar JK. Reliability, validity, and utility of instruments for self-report and information report concerning symptoms of ADHD in adult patients. J Atten Disord 2008;11:445–458. doi: 10.1177/1087054707299367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar