The hidden-zero effect in male individuals with opioid use disorder

References

• Bickel WK, Koffarnus MN, Moody L, Wilson AG. The behavioral-and neuro-economic process of temporal discounting: a candidate behavioral marker of addiction. Neuropharmacology. 2014;76:518–27. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballard ME, Mandelkern MA, Monterosso JR, Hsu E, Robertson CL, Ishibashi K, Dean AC, London ED. Low dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability is associated with steep discounting of delayed rewards in methamphetamine dependence. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;18:1–10. doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Rodríguez O, Secades-Villa R, Weidberg S, Yoon JH. A systematic assessment of delay discounting in relation to cocaine and nicotine dependence. Behav Processes. 2013;99:100–05. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2013.07.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heil SH, Johnson MW, Higgins ST, Bickel WK. Delay discounting in currently using and currently abstinent cocaine-dependent outpatients and non-drug-using matched controls. Addict Behav. 2006;31:1290–94. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.09.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby KN, Petry NM, Bickel WK. Heroin addicts have higher discount rates for delayed rewards than non-drug-using controls. J Exp Psychol Gen. 1999;128:78–87. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.128.1.78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Zhang F, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Wang X, Shen M. Decision-making deficits are still present in heroin abusers after short-to long-term abstinence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;130:61–67. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell SH. Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers. J Psychopharmacol. 1999;146:455–64. doi:10.1007/PL00005491.
   Google Scholar
• Petry NM, Casarella T. Excessive discounting of delayed rewards in substance abusers with gambling problems. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999;56:25–32. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(99)00010-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuchinich RE, Simpson CA. Hyperbolic temporal discounting in social drinkers and problem drinkers. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998;6:292–305. doi:10.1037/1064-1297.6.3.292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Niu L. The external validity of delay discounting in the field of substance addiction. Adv Psychol Sci. 2021;29:140–49. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00140.
   Google Scholar
• Amlung M, Vedelago L, Acker J, Balodis I, MacKillop J. Steep delay discounting and addictive behavior: a meta‐analysis of continuous associations. Addict. 2017;112:51–62. doi:10.1111/add.13535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Windle M, Gray JC, Lei KM, Barton AW, Brody G, Beach SR, Galván A, MacKillop J, Clark US, Sweet LH. Age sensitive associations of adolescent substance use with amygdalar, ventral striatum, and frontal volumes in young adulthood. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018;186:94–101. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audrain-McGovern J, Rodriguez D, Epstein LH, Cuevas J, Rodgers K, Wileyto EP. Does delay discounting play an etiological role in smoking or is it a consequence of smoking? Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009;103:99–106. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow P, McKee M, Reeves A, Galea G, Stuckler D. Time-discounting and tobacco smoking: a systematic review and network analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46:860–69. doi:10.1093/ije/dyx060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters EN, Petry NM, LaPaglia DM, Reynolds B, Carroll KM. Delay discounting in adults receiving treatment for marijuana dependence. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013;21:46–54. doi:10.1037/a0030943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens L, Goudriaan AE, Verdejo-Garcia A, Dom G, Roeyers H, Vanderplasschen W. Impulsive choice predicts short-term relapse in substance-dependent individuals attending an in-patient detoxification programme. Psychol Med. 2015;45:2083–93. doi:10.1017/s003329171500001x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens L, Verdejo-García A, Roeyers H, Goudriaan AE, Vanderplasschen W. Delay discounting, treatment motivation and treatment retention among substance-dependent individuals attending an in inpatient detoxification program. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2015;49:58–64. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2014.08.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel WK, Yi R, Landes RD, Hill PF, Baxter C. Remember the future: working memory training decreases delay discounting among stimulant addicts. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;69:260–65. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.08.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rass O, Schacht RL, Buckheit K, Johnson MW, Strain EC, Mintzer MZ. A randomized controlled trial of the effects of working memory training in methadone maintenance patients. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;156:38–46. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendershot CS, Wardell JD, Vandervoort J, McPhee MD, Keough MT, Quilty LC. Randomized trial of working memory training as an adjunct to inpatient substance use disorder treatment. Psychol Addict Behav. 2018;32:861–72. doi:10.1037/adb0000415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snider SE, Deshpande HU, Lisinski JM, Koffarnus MN, LaConte SM, Bickel WK. Working memory training improves alcohol users’ episodic future thinking: a rate-dependent analysis. Biol Psychiatry: Cognit Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2018;3:160–67. doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.11.002.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yi R, Johnson MW, Giordano LA, Landes RD, Badger GJ, Bickel WK. The effects of reduced cigarette smoking on discounting future rewards: an initial evaluation. Psychol Rec. 2008;58:163–74. doi:10.1007/bf03395609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidberg S, Landes RD, García-Rodríguez O, Yoon JH, Secades-Villa R. Interaction effect of contingency management and sex on delay-discounting changes among treatment-seeking smokers. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015;23:361–68. doi:10.1037/pha0000043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiluk BD, Buck MB, Devore KA, Babuscio TA, Nich C, Carroll KM. Performance-based contingency management in cognitive remediation training: a pilot study. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2017;72:80–88. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2016.08.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidberg S, Landes RD, López-Núñez C, Pericot-Valverde I, González-Roz A, Yoon JH, Secades-Villa R. Contingency management effects on delay discounting among patients receiving smoking cessation treatment. Psicothema. 2015;27:309–16. doi:10.7334/psicothema2015.184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiou WB, Wu WH. Episodic future thinking involving the nonsmoking self can induce lower discounting and cigarette consumption. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78:106–12. doi:10.15288/jsad.2017.78.106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forster SE, Steinhauer SR, Ortiz A, Forman SD. Evaluating effects of episodic future thinking on valuation of delayed reward in cocaine use disorder: a pilot study. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2021;47:199–208. doi:10.1080/00952990.2020.1865997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snider SE, LaConte SM, Bickel WK. Episodic future thinking: expansion of the temporal window in individuals with alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016;40:1558–66. doi:10.1111/acer.13112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sofis MJ, Lemley SM, Lee DC, Budney AJ. A web-based episodic specificity and future thinking session modulates delay discounting in cannabis users. Psychol Addict Behav. 2020;34:532–40. doi:10.1037/adb0000557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein JS, Wilson AG, Koffarnus MN, Daniel TO, Epstein LH, Bickel WK. Unstuck in time: episodic future thinking reduces delay discounting and cigarette smoking. J Psychopharmacol. 2016;233:3771–78. doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4410-y.
   Google Scholar
• Daniel TO, Stanton CM, Epstein LH. The future is now: reducing impulsivity and energy intake using episodic future thinking. Psychol Sci. 2013;24:2339–42. doi:10.1177/0956797613488780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magen E, Dweck CS, Gross JJ. The hidden zero effect: representing a single choice as an extended sequence reduces impulsive choice. Psychol Sci. 2008;19:648–49. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02137.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dang J, Liu X, Xiao S, Mao L, Chan KT, Li C, Lin M, Liu ZZ, Luo YR, Sun YM, et al. The beauty of the zero: replications and extensions of the hidden-zero effect in delay discounting tasks. Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2020;12:544–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koffarnus MN, Bickel WK. A 5-trial adjusting delay discounting task: accurate discount rates in less than one minute. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;22:222–28. doi:10.1037/a0035973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magen E, Kim B, Dweck CS, Gross JJ, McClure SM. Behavioral and neural correlates of increased self-control in the absence of increased willpower. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2014;111:9786–91. doi:10.1073/pnas.1408991111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radu PT, Yi R, Bickel WK, Gross JJ, McClure SM. A mechanism for reducing delay discounting by altering temporal attention. J Exp Anal Behav. 2011;96:363–85. doi:10.1901/jeab.2011.96-363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu CY, He GB. The effects of time perspective and salience of possible monetary losses on intertemporal choice. Soc Behav Pers. 2012;40:1645–53. doi:10.2224/sbp.2012.40.10.1645.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naudé GP, Kaplan BA, Reed DD, Henley AJ, DiGennaro Reed FD. Temporal framing and the hidden‐zero effect: rate‐dependent outcomes on delay discounting. J Exp Anal Behav. 2018;109:506–19. doi:10.1002/jeab.328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang J, Zheng Y, Gao D, Hu M, Yuan T. Effects of exercise on depression, anxiety, cognitive control, craving, physical fitness and quality of life in methamphetamine-dependent patients. Front Psychiatry. 2020;10. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00999.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Report of the 2021 drug situation in China. [accessed 2023 Feb 15]. http://www.nncc626.com/2022-06/23/c_1211659746.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Manganiello JA. Opiate addiction: a study identifying three systematically related psychological correlates. Int J Addict. 1978;13:839–47. doi:10.3109/10826087809039307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petry NM, Bickel WK, Arnett M. Shortened time horizons and insensitivity to future consequences in heroin addicts. Addict. 1998;93:729–38. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.9357298.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dou K, Nie Y, Wang Y, Li J, Shen W. Ego depletion promotes impulsive decision: evidences from behavioral and ERPs studies. Acta Psychol Sin. 2014;46:1564–79. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2014.01564.
   Google Scholar
• Myerson J, Green L, Warusawitharana M. Area under the curve as a measure of discounting. J Exp Anal Behav. 2001;76:235–43. doi:10.1901/jeab.2001.76-235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koffarnus MN, Kaplan BA. Clinical models of decision making in addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2018;164:71–83. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2017.08.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaroni JL, Wright SM, Lerman C, Epstein LH. Relationship between education and delay discounting in smokers. Addict Behav. 2004;29:1171–75. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.03.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson AG, Franck CT, Mueller ET, Landes RD, Kowal BP, Yi R, Bickel WK. Predictors of delay discounting among smokers: education level and a utility measure of cigarette reinforcement efficacy are better predictors than demographics, smoking characteristics, executive functioning, impulsivity, or time perception. Addict Behav. 2015;45:124–33. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L, Zhao MY, Cao H, Liu JW, Du ZR. Relationship between intertemporal decision-making and time perspective in heroin abstainers. Zhong Guo Xin Li Wei Sheng Za Zhi. 2022;36:838–43. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2022.10.004.
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi T, Oono H, Radford MH. Psychophysics of time perception and intertemporal choice models. Physica A. 2008;387:2066–74. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2007.11.047.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi T. Loss of self-control in intertemporal choice may be attributable to logarithmic time-perception. Med Hypotheses. 2005;65:117–22. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.04.040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su B, Yang L, Wang GY, Wang S, Li S, Cao H, Zhang Y. Effect of drug-related cues on response inhibition through abstinence: a pilot study in male heroin abstainers. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2017;43:664–70. doi:10.1080/00952990.2017.1283695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L, Zhang J, Zhao X. Implicit processing of heroin and emotional cues in abstinent heroin users: early and late event-related potential effects. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2015;41:237–45. doi:10.3109/00952990.2015.1020383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rochat L, Maurage P, Heeren A, Billieux J. Let’s open the decision-making umbrella: a framework for conceptualizing and assessing features of impaired decision making in addiction. Neuropsychol Rev. 2019;29:27–51. doi:10.1007/s11065-018-9387-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel WK, Mellis AM, Snider SE, Athamneh LN, Stein JS, Pope DA. 21st century neurobehavioral theories of decision making in addiction: review and evaluation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2018;164:4–21. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClure SM, Bickel WK. A dual-systems perspective on addiction: contributions from neuroimaging and cognitive training. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014;1327:62–78. doi:10.1111/nyas.12561.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel WK, Yi R, Kowal BP, Gatchalian KM. Cigarette smokers discount past and future rewards symmetrically and more than controls: is discounting a measure of impulsivity? Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008;96:256–62. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kräplin A, Scherbaum S, Bühringer G, Goschke T. Decision-making and inhibitory control after smoking-related priming in nicotine dependent smokers and never-smokers. Addict Behav. 2019;88:114–21. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.08.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar