REFERENCES
- Alper , T.G. 1974 . Achievement motivation in college women: a now‐you‐see‐it‐now‐you‐don't phenomenon, . American Psychologist , 29 : 194 – 203 .
- Bakan , D. 1966 . The Quality of Human Existence , Chicago : Rand McNally .
- Bardwick , J.M. 1971 . Psychology of Women: a study of bio‐cultural conflicts , New York : Harper & Row .
- Baruch , R. 1966 . The interruption and resumption of women's career . Harvard Studies in Career Development , (Cambridge, MA)
- Bass , B.M. 1981 . Stogdill's Handbook of Leadership , New York : Free Press .
- Biggs , J.B. 1992 . Learning and Schooling in Ethnic Chinese: an Asian solution to a Western problem , University of Hong Kong . Unpublished manuscript,
- Bottomley , D. 1990 . Students strike trouble with ‘high aims’, . The South China Morning Post , 30 April : 5
- Coleman , J.S. , Campbell , E. , Hobson , C , McPartland , J. , Mood , A. , Weinfield , F. and York , R. 1966 . Equality of Educational Opportunity , Washington, DC : United States Government Printing Office .
- De Vos , G.A. 1973 . Socialization for Achievement: essays on the cultural psychology of the Japanese , Berkeley : University of California Press .
- Durkin , K. 1987 . “ Social cognition and social context in the construction of sex differences ” . In Sex Differences in Human Performance , Edited by: Baker , M.A. New York : Wiley & Sons .
- French , E.G. and Lesser , G.S. 1964 . Some characteristics of achievement motive in women, . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 68 : 119 – 128 .
- Friez , I.H. , Whitley , B.E. , Hanusa , B.H. and McHugh , M.C. 1982 . Assessing the theoretical models for sex differences in causal attributions for success and failure, . Sex Roles , 8 : 333 – 343 .
- Gaeddert , W.P. 1985 . Sex and sex‐role effects on achievement striving: dimensions of similarity and difference, . Journal of Personality , 53 : 286 – 305 .
- Gilligan , C. 1982 . In a Different Voice: psychological theory and women's development , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
- Ho , D.Y.F. 1981 . Traditional patterns of socialization in Chinese society, . Acta Psychologica Taiwanica , 23 : 81 – 95 .
- Horner , M.S. 1968 . A Psychological Barrier to Achievement in Women ‐‐ the motive to avoid success, Symposium presentation at the Midwestern Psychological Association Chicago May 1968,
- Kipnis , D.M. 1974 . Inner‐direction, other‐direction and achievement motivation, . Human Development , 17 : 321 – 343 .
- Lin , Y.N. 1988 . Family socioeconomic background, parental involvement, and students’ academic performance by elementary school children . Journal of Counsellin , (National Taiwan Institute of Education), 11, 95‐141 [in Chinese with an English abstract]
- Maehr , M.L. 1978 . “ Sociocultural origins of achievement motivation ” . In Social Psychology of Education: theory and research , Edited by: Bar‐Tal , D. and Sax , L. New York : John Wiley & Son .
- Maehr , M.L. and Braskamp , L.A. 1986 . The Motivation Factor: a theory of person investment , Lexington, MA : Lexington Books .
- McClelland , D.C. 1985 . Human Motivation , Glenview, IL : Scott, Foresman .
- McClelland , D.C , Atkinson , J. , Clark , R. and Lowell , E. 1953 . The Achievement Motivation , Glenview, IL : Scott, Foresman .
- Perlmutter , M. and Hall , E. 1985 . Adult Development and Ageing , New York : Wiley & Sons .
- Ramirez , M. III. and Price‐Williams , D.R. 1976 . Achievement motivation of children in three ethnic groups, . Journal of Cross‐Cultural Psychology , 7 : 49 – 60 .
- Salili , F. 1994 . Age, sex and cultural differences in the meaning and dimensions of achievement, . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 2 : 635 – 648 .
- Salili , F. and Mak , H.T. 1988 . Subjective meaning of success in high and low achievers, . International Journal of Intercultural Relations , 12 : 125 – 138 .
- Stevenson , H.W. and Lee , S. 1990 . “ Context of achievement ” . In Monograph of the Society for Research in Child Development , Serial no. 221 Vol. 55 , Nos. 1‐2
- Veroff , J. 1977 . Process vs. impact in men's and women's achievement motivation, . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 1 : 283 – 293 .
- Veroff , J. , Atkinson , J.W. , Feld , S.C. and Gurin , G. 1960 . The use of thematic apperception to assess motivation in a nationwide interview study, . Psychogical Monograph , 74 Whole No. 499
- Veroff , J. , Reuman , D. and Feld , S. 1984 . Motives in American men and women across the adult life span, . Developmental Psychology , 20 : 1142 – 1158 .
- Wilson , R.W. and Pusey , A.W. 1982 . “ Achievement motivation and small business relationship patterns in Chinese society ” . In Social Interaction in Chinese Society Edited by: Greenblatt , S.L. , Wilson , R.W. and Wilson , A.A. 195 – 208 . Praeger